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Infectious complications in chronic renal failure
Kielberger, Lukáš ; Eiselt, Jaromír (advisor) ; Dusilová Sulková, Sylvie (referee) ; Matoušovic, Karel (referee)
INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE Infections represent a serious problem in chronic kidney disease (cohort and they are) associated with signifficant morbidity and mortality. The thesis originated in the nephrology division of the Department of Internal Medicine I., Charles University Teaching Hospital and Medical Faculty in Pilsen, an institution with a long standing research activity in the field. In the theoretical part of this work, a general summary of infectious complications in chronic kidney disease population is presented. The other part of this work presents results of our research dealing with pharmacoeconomical aspects of cytomegalovirus infection and finally our results in the field of influenza vaccination. The Aim of the first presented work was to evaluate the cost impact of four different strategies for prevention of cytomegalovirus infection after renal transplantation. We provide post hoc analysis of 2 randomized studies performed in our department and calculating direct CMV-related expenses using valacyclovir prophylaxis, ganciclovir prophylaxis, preemptive vlaganciclovir treatment and deferred therapy. To simulate ihe impact of varying prices of prharmacotherapy or diagnostic procedures, a sensitivity analysis was performed. With respect to our results, valacyclovir...
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Planning a business strategy in the implementation of field services for ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patiens (Business plan)
Vojancová, Radmila ; Vrzáček, Petr (advisor) ; Trpišovský, Milan (referee)
This thesis deals with the processing of a business plan in the health sector . This is a draft business plan strategy for the introduction of outreach services for ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients in the private health care facilities . The theoretical part is devoted to the characteristics of the services provided, including a description of the current situation and possibilities in the treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients in the home environment in the Czech Republic and abroad. It is also described the concept of strategic management and planning, of which I have in this thesis was based on creating your own business plan. In the practical part , which includes the characteristics of an organization that will provide the service , I made a concrete proposal for a business plan based on identified strategic analysis of the findings . The conclusion is presented feedback from stakeholders, which I used in finalizing the business plan. The aim of the work was to present the methodology of the business plan , which will form the basis for strategic management of development organizations to expand services for patients through the introduction of outreach services for ambulatory peritoneal patients. Key words: business strategy, business plan, dialysis, peritoneal dialysis, assisted...
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Stents and their applications in medicine
Sokl, Antonín ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis, which deals with types of stents and their use in medical area, is the provision od detailed reserches of the most frequently used biomaterials, namely details of metals, ceramics, polymers and composites, considering the suitability of their use for the production of substitutes for particular human body structures. The introductory chapters are devoted to external and internal fixation for fractures, dental implants and replacement of renal function. The following chapters deals with stents and their possible variations, especially the chapters are about esophageal stents, prostatic stents and ureteral stents. The final part of this thesis contains a detailed definition of coronary stents, their functional and shape modifications.
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Effect of chemical modification of humic acids on their interactions with organic ions
Fryšová, Eva ; Weidlich, Tomáš (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the interaction of humic acids with organic ions and effect of chemical modification of humic acids on this interaction. Rhodamine 6G was used as a model organic ion. The interaction were studied by fluorescence quenching, dialysis in diffusion cells and differential UV-VIS spectroscopy. Results showed that the bond between the reactants was not primarily dependent on carboxylic functional groups of humic acids. Fluorescence experiments indicated static quenching mechanism and differential UV-VIS spectroscopy demonstrated the existence of - interactions.
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Functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system on individuals after kindey transplantation
Školová, Lucie ; Mahrová, Andrea (advisor) ; El Ali, Zaher (referee)
Title: Functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system on individuals after kindey transplantation Defining of the problem: Renal transplantation is a method to treat patients with renal failure,which is associated to a prolonged survival of patients compared to a dialysis method (Viklický et al., 2008). After a successful renal transplantation the renal function is restored and complications caused by dialysis treatment disappear . However, complications due to the transplant, not only in terms of surgical intervention, but also from the point of a lifelong immunosuppressive therapy remain at risk. Functional changes on the locomotor system can occur as a concequence of a long-term renal disease or kidney transplant. This could further reduce the quality of life on patients due to self-sufficiency, being the main role of the locomotor system. Objectives: The aim of this study is to valuate functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system on individuals after kindey transplantation up to one year after a transplant. Methods: This thesis is elaborated in the form of an analytical - experimental study in which 2 groups of selected individuals were tested. Testing was conducted by using suitable tests focused on functional disorders of the locomotor system and parameters in each group and time...
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Effects of hyaluronan on properties of Opthalmo-Septonex eye drops
Chromá, Kateřina ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
Modification of eye drops using hyaluronan to increase retention time on the eye surface. Using modification of Mahrous method have been determined concentration of Septonex in water. Than using gradual addition of hyaluronan into Opthalmo-Septonex eye drops was investigated appropriate concentration for membrane dialysis. With membrane dialysis was observed interaction hyaluronan-septonex. Than was determined size and charge of particles.
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Measurements of permeability of dialysis membranes
Veselá, Martina ; Jiřík, Radovan (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
Familiarization with dialysis theoretical principles and determination of dialysis membrane permeability with the help of experimentally assembled apparatus is the aim of this bachelor thesis. The introduction part deals with basic knowledge concerning treatment with dialysis and its current quality. There continues a chapter stating an overview of dialysis membranes different types and main characteristics of individual materials, which the membranes were made of and which they are produced now. Theoretical preparation for the practical part of the thesis clarifies the basic notions, principals and processes connected with the mass transfer through dialysis membranes and dialysis. Further on, theoretical process is described and phrased how to determine dialysis membranes permeability in a laboratory scale in an experimental way. Two possible configurations of experimental apparatus are illustrated with block schemes working either in a non-stationary or a stationary regime of measurement. The basis to determine membrane permeability is sampling in specified time intervals from blood and dialyze side and spectrophotometric detection of samples concentration. The practical part itself is preceded with the process with collected samples analysis. Then, it is followed with relations derivation for mass transfer coefficient calculation. Concentration progress on blood and dialyze side with non-stationary way of measurement is modelled in Simulink programme. The practical part of the thesis uses the mentioned above theoretical knowledge and assumptions and it realises concrete measurements in non-stationary regime. Evaluating part of the thesis documents the obtained results and assesses them with the help of derived equations. The whole process of measurement including obtained results is evaluated and discussed in the final part.
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Design of Dialysis Machine
Zdvihalová, Markéta ; Tvarůžek, Martin (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The main aim of this master’s thesis is design of dialysis machine. This thesis should demonstrate author’s creative thinking and creativity. This design has to satisfy the general technical, ergonomic and design assumptions, but it should be designed with modern technology. The aim is also to show the ability to move an object from the field of functionality to the field od aesthetic, ergonimics and practicality.
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