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Linguistic analysis of the political talkshow "otázky Václava Moravce"
Pospíšilová, Martina ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Kučera, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis is concentrated on the analysis of the political talkshow Otazky Vaclava Moravce (Questions of Vaclav Moravec), especially on the selection of language, and it elaborates used automatized expressions such as clichés and phrases. Above all, the thesis offers a deeper view into the cliché issue, including both cliché in common and specific cliché of the anchorman, using the method of qualitative analysis. An extensive theoretical insight is also an important part of the thesis and it contains exact meanings of terms, that are important for the final version of the thesis. Chosen examined and described clichés are eked out with data from Newton IT Media Archive and SYN2000 corpus, that are to be find for free on the internet. The data provide information about the occurence frequency and for the purpose of the thesis they are not the most important. The main object of the thesis is to provide a complete view on clichés in czech media shown on an example of the political talkshow Otazky Vaclava Moravce.
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Popularity of television series House, M.D.
Petrů, Vít ; Chrz, Vladimír (advisor) ; Smetáčková, Irena (referee)
The object in this thesis is to investigate why a television series House M.D. is so popular. Television series is conceived as a widely shared pop-culture artefact, which is a major proof how the human mind is shaped by and expressed through culture in terms of cultural psychology. The question of mechanisms, offers or content that are causing the popularity of this series is examined from the perspective of several psychological concepts. The popularity of the series was examined by the analysis of the artefact itself and additionally from the perspective of the viewers. This examination led to the conclusion that the popularity of the series House M.D. lies in several different aspects. The first aspect is seen in innovations this series brings to the viewer due to the traditional established form of medical drama. The second aspect is based on identifying, describing patterns and representing certain offers for various components of viewer ("products for the mind"). The third aspect lies in interpretation of the series as "sociodrama" that solves certain imaginary opposites. The fourth aspect is loosely based on Bamberg's theory of narrative positioning that on three levels shows how the character of doctor House is attractive to the viewer, what it provides and how the series reflects the...
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Phenotypical characterization of the healthy human cornea and the alterations caused by posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy
Reinštein Merjavá, Stanislava ; Jirsová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Martínek, Jindřich (referee) ; Čejková, Jitka (referee)
Purpose: The aim of this work was to characterize the healthy human cornea and the cornea of patients suffering from posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) using different antibodies. Despite the fact that PPCD is a very rare disorder, one of the largest groups of PPCD patients in the world comes from the Czech Republic. This offers us the opportunity to investigate the changes on the clinical, cellular and molecular levels. Material and Methods: A collection of 25 control corneas as well as 16 pathological corneas from PPCD patients were used. Epithelial (cytokeratins) and mesothelial markers (mesothelin, calbindin 2, HBME-1 protein) were detected in all layers of the healthy corneas using immunocyto- and immunohistochemistry. The expression of all markers was confirmed using molecular methods as well (RT-PCR and Western blot). Changes in the expression of cytokeratins and changes in the extracellular matrix structure (collagen IV and VIII) were studied in the PPCD corneas. Combined fluorescent immunohistochemistry with fluorescence in situ hybridization were used in order to characterize the origin of abnormal cells on the posterior graft surface, which cause the recurrence of the PPCD after penetrating keratoplasty surgery. Results: Changes in the cytokeratin expression (strong...
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The influence of Toll-like receptors on immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells
Heřmánková, Barbora ; Krulová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Indrová, Marie (referee)
Immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer potential tools for cell-based regenerative therapy and immunotherapy. MSCs express a large number of Toll like receptors (TLRs) recognizing multiple pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which could be found in patients microenvironment and modulate activity of MSCs. TLR ligands could lead to modulation of proliferation, differentiation, immunosuppression, migration, polarization and production of cytokine. This work discusses the effect of TLRs on immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, because there are lots of contrasts in the results about their effect.
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Determiners with Dutch and English nouns
Smetanová, Andrea ; Dušková, Libuše (referee) ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor)
This thesis deals with the grammatical category of definiteness and presents a synchronic comparison of various types of reference and their respective means of expression used in Dutch and English. In the chapter devoted to classification of languages, both languages are put in the cultural and historical context. This is followed by general observations on the category of definiteness and its ways of expression and over the article as a word-class, its form and position. Based on a detailed description of the Dutch and the English system of articles, the formal differences in the way of expressing definiteness in both languages are summarized. In the chapter dealing with the system of reference, we present the basic types of reference used in Dutch and English and their respective means of expression. This chapter, too, is concluded by listing the formal and terminological differences. Quite close attention is paid also to the phenomenon of 'overt absence of a determiner' with nouns in both languages, a systematic treatment of which is usually not offered by the canonical grammar books. In relation to plural nouns, the situation is quite transparent, since the overtly absent article indicates either 'generic' or 'non-generic indefinite' reference, in both cases by means of the zero article. However, in...
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Psychology of happiness
Marková, Kateřina ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor)
In theoretical part of this thesis the aim is to define the concept of happiness with its broader consequences. As the basic frame for following reasoning is chosen the assumption of an emotional basis of happiness therefore the concept of emotion is discussed in detail. Besides the basic approach to happiness the fundamental historic view follows including religion, philosophy and psychology. After that happiness is defined in detail followed by differential definition, folk concept of happiness and broader partition. In this thesis the interest also focuses on biological, social, psychological and spiritual aspects of happiness, which are discussed in detail. For a summary the factors influencing happiness are recapped in a special chapter. The interest also focuses on happiness from developmental view. As the imaginary height of the whole theoretical part are considered the chapters about the effects of happiness, meaning and positive strategies with the special regard on the consequences, an inner source and the possibilities of improving happiness. In the empirical part of this thesis the aim is creating the grounded theory of happiness based on qualitative methodology. This theory expresses the specific categories with their relationships as occurring in individual interviews and offers the...
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Expression of interpropositional relationships in the translation of bilateral international treaties
Novotná, Marcela ; Uličný, Miloslav (referee) ; Králová, Jana (advisor)
This extended essay deals with the theme of expression of interpropositional relationships in the translation of bilateral international treaties. In the theoreticalempirical part we characterize generally the functional law style and then we define its features both in the Czech and in the Spanish languages. We offer a short synopsis of its different genres covered by this functional style. We study the question of legal translation and distinguish its two fundamental types - the instrumentally and the documentary translation. We present the genre of bilateral international treaty. By summarizing the information contained in the specialized literature and the translation analysis we determine its dominant features both in the Czech and in the Spanish languages (with the exception of the area of interpropositional relationships which will be dealt by detail 113 in the empirical part of our essay). The area of the interpropositional relationships follows by defining them as the object of our research. The empirical part is elaborated by the method of a qualitative research. In the exemplar material of the bilateral international treaties proceeding from the area of the law of social security we explore the realization of the proposition from the point of view of explicitation and implicitation of its...
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Girls' language in Czech girls' magazines
Kadlecová, Kateřina ; Vaňková, Irena (referee) ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor)
This study deals with language and ideology in girls' magazines BravoGIRL!, COSMOgirl!, Dívka (Girl) and Top dívky (Top Girls). It describes the position ofthese three monthlies and one semi-monthly on the Czech media market and then it focuses at the content and specific genres ofthese magazines (namely, photostories). The linguistic analysis ofthe used language and style follows; the expressivity and emotionality of the so called genderlect and especially of the girls' speech (and a speech meant for girls) and the tendenci es towards enriching the lexicon of these magazines with anglicisms, neologisms, occasionalisms and slang are exemplified. It is also explained why intertextuality becomes so rare in the texts. In addition, I offer results of a questionnaire (50 enquirees), which uses both qualitative and quantitative (evaluated by the SPSS software) methods. It reveals how much the girls, potential inforrnants of the media messages, perceive the language of those magazines which is made to be and pretends to be their own sociolect. The ability to understand the text is questioned here, and so are the acceptation of profane language and so-called smileys, interest in topics offered and subjective evaluating of the gir1s' magazines with both rejecting and supporting the reasons for reading them. The last...
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Personal and social dexis in political speeches by Jean-Marie Le Pen and Marine Le Pen
Vlčková, Jana ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Nováková, Sylva (referee)
Personal and social deixis in political speeches by Jean-Marie Le Pen and Marine Le Pen (Jana Vlčková) Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the political speeches of the two National Front representatives - Jean-Marie Le Pen and Marine Le Pen. The text compares the personal and social deixis means used by both speakers in comparable communication situations. The theoretical part defines the communicational situation circumstances, the argumentation and the persuasive technics in the political speeches, as well as the personal and social deixis means. The ensuing analysis of the political speech corpus is inserted in the frame of the political party programme. We accept the method of the speech analysis according to the occurrence of the particular language means. The quantitative analysis is developed by examples of the given means in particular languages contexts. On the one hand, the text offers a comparison of the means used in different communication situations. On the other hand, it shows the differences of both speakers' expressing. Thus it brings a specific perspective in the view of differences between both politicians. Key Words Political discourse analysis, personal deixis, social deixis, communication situation, argumentation, Jean-Marie Le Pen, Marine Le Pen, French
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PROMISED LANDS: Susan Sontag's Documentary Work In the Context of Her Essays
Košař, Lumír ; RŮŽIČKOVÁ, Alice (advisor) ; ŘEZNÍČEK, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present the lesser known documentary work of the American writer Susan Sontag. This is done by a film analysis of vehicles of expression used in the documentary film Promised Lands. Susan Sontag´s methods are presented and explained by her literary. Attention is being paid particularly to the method chosen by Sontag of displaying the wartime suffering.
The thesis also presents the literary works of Susan Sontag and her relationship to film, and offers an insight into the situation during the Yom Kippur War.
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