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Crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District.
BLÁHOVÁ, Václava
This dissertation looks at crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District. The theoretical section gives a concise appraisal of Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on Juvenile Justice, as well as the internal and external factors potentially influencing the socially pathological behaviour of young people. The study examines current patterns of youth criminality in the Czech Republic and developing trends connected with the issue over recent years, which it then briefly compares to the wider EU experience. The possibilities for intervention work by government departments dealing with education, the police and the justice system with young people at risk is studied in the subsequent chapter. The overall aim of the dissertation is to map the occurrence of predominantly minor offences and juvenile delinquency at basic schools in the Klatovy District in terms of gender, as I suspect that this indicator will feature strongly in the structure of socially pathological youth behaviour. Research was used to determine young people{\crq}s awareness regarding liability for their actions, and what kinds of offences or delinquent activities they most frequently perpetrate. An anonymous questionnaire with 32 closed, half-open and open format questions was used to collect data, and was presented to 303 respondents in years 7, 8 and 9 at five different basic schools. Of the total number of students, 49% were female and 51% male. Schools were deliberately chosen to fulfil the task set by the dissertation, i.e. the question of gender was a primary concern. The aim of the questionnaire was to find out what kinds of socially pathological activities are perpetrated by youths at basic school, and based on the subsequent findings, to decide whether current intervention work with young people at risk in the Klatovy District is sufficient. The research itself corresponds in several areas with data available from the Youth Crime Prevention Officer. In particular, it confirms that delinquency often involves driving motor vehicles without driving licences and the consumption of alcohol. The survey investigation demonstrated young people{\crq}s ignorance of the various age thresholds of criminal liability for their actions, the ascendancy of petty theft, aggression towards classmates and the consumption of illegal drugs. The research points to the conclusion that intervention and work with these groups of young people at risk in the Klatovy District, in terms of preventing illegal drug use and therapy, is insufficient, which similarly applies to the prevention of petty theft, consumption of alcohol, bullying and driving without a valid licence. The elimination of such pathological behaviour will only be successful provided that closer contact is established between school students and prevention workers (school psychologists, counsellors, etc.), as well as other potential organisations, such as the Czech Police, anti-drug co-ordinators and social workers.
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The Influence of eco-toxicological factors on spermatogenesis, morphology and function of mammalian sperm
Vašinová, Jitka ; Pěknicová, Jana (referee) ; Hortová, Kateřina (advisor)
An increasing infertility due to pathological changes on sperm has become a serious issue. A rising concentration of fluorides in the environment could be a potentially negative factor affecting the male fertility. Eco-toxicological effect of fluorides can be enhanced in the present of aluminium ions by forming fluoro-metallic complexes, analogues of phosphate groups that interfere with the activity of G-proteins and P-type ATPases, which are part of several signalling pathways during sperm maturation. The aim of this thesis was monitoring the effect of fluorides on mouse sperm capacitation in vitro, analysis of the effect of fluorides on male reproductive organ and on the level of mouse spermatogenesis. Fluorides were administered to mice through table water at the concentrations of 0, 1, 10, 100 ppm and at the same time we monitored their synergic action with aluminium at 10 ppm dose. The level of tyrosine phosphorylation in the sperm head was the main marker for successful capacitation in vitro. The results show that an oversized load of ions, to which mice were exposed, affected negatively spermatogenesis and ability of sperm to capacitate in vitro. Besides that, a multigenerational study in mice demonstrated that even low concentrations of aluminium fluorides can have a negative effect on...
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Nike as an iconic brand between the years 2001 and 2005
Houzarová, Zuzana ; Dolanský, Pavel (advisor) ; Hejlová, Denisa (referee)
This thesis closely looks at the phenomenon of iconic brands. The behaviour of iconic brands in general and explanation of their success on the market can be applied on the example of Nike - producer of sports goods and the leader in this product category on the global market. For the purpose of this thesis, selected elements of Nike's iconic behaviour arc demonstrated on TV spots. The criteria for TV spot selection was their success at the International advertising festival in Cannes. In the theoretical part, the concept of iconic brands is explained - cultural icons are exemplary symbols that people accept as a shorthand to represent important ideas. A brief description of the history ofNike from it's beginnings to today follows. In the next chapter I analyse the corporate design of Nike as it appears in TV spots and the way in which the brand deals with it. In this chapter I concentrate on the shape of the logo, the name of the brand, typography, slogan and logo colour. It turns out that the basic building block ofNike's corporate design is the logo (swoosh), whereas the unity of the rest of the elements of the corporate design arc not preserved and are constantly changing. A large part of the thesis is devoted to the story - identity myth that Nike offers its consumers. This myth is based on the belief...
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Change of the Concept of Terrorism in Practise
Pejcha, Zdeněk ; Makariusová, Radana (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis demonstrates the general change of theoretical concept of terrorism. The general concept of terrorism is divided into two "subsections": "old" terrorism and "new" terrorism. These two subsections are different in their basic characteristics. So the general change between the "old" and "new" terrorism is illustrated using the four cases of terrorist groups (Irish Republican Army, Basque Homeland and Freedom, Hamas and al Qaeda). In order to make successful demonstration of the change of the theoretical concept of terrorism the author chose three variables. These variables are: structure of organization, ideology or aim and methods of terrorist attack. The basic assumption is that these three variables are very helpful in order to depicture the changes in the framework of the terrorist groups and also the general change of the theoretical concept of terrorism
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Caspian Gas Supplies: An Oportunity of EU Energy Diversification?
Temirbulatova, Diana ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Today, energy security is a thorny issue for the European Union: levels of energy consumption are growing rapidly, while indigenous reserves are diminishing. The European Union seeks to diversify its energy suppliers, because overdependence on single supplier can undermine its energy security. Russia, the major supplier of gas to the EU, has demonstrated itself as unreliable energy supplier as a result of 2006 and 2009 disruptions. The Caspian region is seen as one of the options of gas supply diversification, and therefore the EU is making efforts to create pipeline route to supply Caspian gas bypassing Russia. Some European politicians agree that creation of such pipeline route could help Europe to lower dependence its dependence on gas supplies from Russia, and enhence European energy security. According to plan, the route should consist of three pipelines: TCGP, South Caucasus pipeline and Nabucco. The present research aims to define, whether the idea of Caspian gas supplies to the EU could contribute to European energy security and EU energy diversification. Given the confusion between those who predict that successful implementation of TCGP and Nabucco projects would guarantee better energy security for Europe and those who has doubts that construction of an energy bridge over the Caspian Sea can ever...
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Non-governmental organization Amnesty International and its influence on the international relations - the case study Counter Terror with Justice
Husárová, Denisa ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
The case study deals with one of the most famous and successful non-governmental organizations - Amnesty International. The case study consists of three parts - the first chapter, which is focused on the theoretical approaches to the issue of NGOs and human rights and on the by organization used strategies in the effort to reach its goals. In the second chapter I describe the organization, the period of its establishment, progressive development, extending of the agenda and also of the member base, strengthening of the legitimacy in the society. In the third chapter I use up the theoretical knowledge from the first two chapters applicated into practice. The purpose of my work is to sum up the usage and the effectiveness of the studied strategies demonstrated on the campaign Counter Terror with Justice.
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Public Private Partnership and its possibilities within judiciary
Metelková, Kateřina ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The thesis acquaints readers with the concept of Public Private Partnership (PPP). This terminology represents the mutual cooperation between public and private sector. The first part of my bachelor project explains the forms of Public Private Partnership, its history, pros and cons, which the cooperation brings to each sector and the projects, that were have been begun in the Czech republic so far. The second part engages in the particular pilot project, which is the construction of the prison with the security guard. My goal was to analyse the development and the current status of prisoners in the Czech republic and all demonstrate a necessity of the new cells. The thesis also explains and compares financial flow between PPP and PSC (Public Sector Comparator). The last but not least the thesis indicates a comparsion with the successful foreing project.
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International assignments with concentration on the effects of culture differences in a work process
Chytráčková, Kateřina ; Pivoňková, Lucie (referee) ; Tureckiová, Michaela (advisor)
In my work I intend to prove that the issue of international assignment is a very broad area, with a theoretical background in many scientific disciplines, including adult education, intercultural communications, social psychology, human resources management and others. Despite global tendencies and culture convergence there are significant differences in merits, positions and moral values that are shared among members of each culture. These cultural differences might bring specific problems into communication with other culture members and they might also lead to misunderstanding and conflicts. For a better understanding of another culture it is very important to get to know the specific cultural differences and learn to respect them. For a successful work in the international environment it is necessary to master another important competence - an ability to communicate in the multicultural environment. In my work I will address the above mentioned issues. In the empirical part of my work I will demonstrate on the foreign assignments how to prevent problems that are linked with cultural differences and various corporate cultures and outline ways how to solve these problems.
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Identification, expression, and characterization of Phlebotomus orientalis salivary antigens
Šíma, Michal
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), medically and veterinary important parasites causing leishmaniasis. These protozoans are inoculated into the host during blood-feeding together with the vector saliva. Salivary components are crucial for sand fly female blood-sucking but also play a major role in the initial stage of parasite development. It was demonstrated that this rich mixture of proteins performs different functions after its injection into the host like hydrolyzing ATP and ADP, binding biogenic amines, and others which inhibits the haemostatic reaction and modulate the immune system thus enables the successful feeding. So far, cDNA salivary transcriptomes have been constructed for twelve sand fly species and we added another one - Phlebotomus orientalis, the main vector of Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis in East African countries. We described members of thirteen protein families which corresponded with previously published salivary cDNA libraries of other sand fly species and showed the main salivary antigens using sera of experimentally bitten mice and naturally exposed dogs. Specific IgG antibody response is induced against sand fly salivary proteins in repeatedly bitten hosts....
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Prezidentské primární volby ve Spojených státech amerických v roce 2008
Andrýsová, Lenka ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor)
Presidential primary elections could demonstrate current developments in the American society and contribute to better understanding of general elections in November 2008. Therefore, after theoretical introduction about primary elections as process, I describe and compare standpoints of front-runners to the most debated issues (Hillary Rodham Clinton, John McCain and Barack Obama, then partially John Edwards, Rudolph Guiliani, Mike Huckabee, Mitt Romney). As a result, new trends in American political parties could be identified. Moreover, this analysis could forecast main tensions during the general presidential election in November. Apart from issues, this thesis deals with race and gender question and ageism and effects and success of using new communication channels in candidates' political campaigns.
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