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The influence of stress on NADP-dependent enzymes in higher plants.
Kovaľová, Terézia ; Hýsková, Veronika (advisor) ; Dračínská, Helena (referee)
Biotic stress in the form of viral infection, as well as abiotic salt stress, cause leaves injuries, stomata closure and decreased rate of photosynthesis. These factors lead to the limitation of plant growth and to reduced amount of coenzyme NADPH. However NADPH is an important coenzyme for many metabolic pathways such as synthesis of fatty acids, amino acids and secondary metabolites involved in stress responses. NADPH is also a coenzyme for key enzymes of antioxidant system and for many regulatory enzymes. NADP-dependent enzymes are alternative source of NADPH in plants under stress conditions. In this work, activities of four NADP-dependent enzymes: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.49), NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH, EC 1.1.1.42), NADP-malic enzyme (decarboxylating) (NADP-ME, EC 1.1.1.40) and Shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH, EC 1.1.1.25) were studied. Activities of all these enzymes but SDH increased in leaves of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) infected by PVYNTN , The most sensitive enzymes to viral infection were NADP-ICDH and NADP-ME, whose activity was increased in comparison with control plants 3-fold and 2,4-fold, respectively. Changes in activity of studied enzymes were also determined in plants exposed to viral infection in combination with heat-shock...
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Sol-gel synthesis and properties of piezoceramic nanoparticles on the base of (BaxCa1-x)(TiyZr1-y)O3
Vacek, Petr ; Matoušek, Aleš (referee) ; Cihlář, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of the work was sol-gel synthesis of piezoceramic nanoparticles on the base of BaxCa1-xTiyZr1-yO3 (BCTZ), preparation of sintered samples and analysis of their structure and properties. Theoretical part includes information about piezoelectricity, piezoelectric materials and preparation of ceramics. Experimental part describes sol-gel synthesis of BCTZ nanoparticles and achieved phase composition and particle size. The next topic of experimental part was preparation of sintered BCTZ samples and analysis of their properties.
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Lanthanocene Catalysts for Synthesis of Polymers Applicable in Medicine
Slanina, Ondřej ; Kábelová, Božena (referee) ; Richtera, Lukáš (advisor)
The theoretic part of the thesis focuses on materials used in medicine. The metallic, ceramic, glass-ceramic and polymer materials are systematically described. The biocompatibility of the materials and possible threads of their usage for manufacturing of medicinal devices and implants are emphasized in the discussion. The work is focused especially on polymer materials. Different types of polymerizations are summarized with the accent on the preparation of biodegradable materials. In the practical part the synthesis of two organometallic bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) sandwich complexes with holmium and gadolinium as a central atom designed for preparation of materials suitable for biomedicine is proposed.
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The strategic analysis of the OD5K10, z. s.
Hanzalová, Lenka ; Vávrová, Hana (advisor) ; Mikan, Pavel (referee)
The aim of the Master´s Thesis is implementation of the strategic analysis for the non-governmental organization OD5K10, z. s., considering the external environment and also the internal resources, which are available for the organization, and in this way reveal all the factors which have impact on its economy. For analysis of the macro-environment PEST analysis is used. In analysis of the micro-environment there are indetified forces, which can affect an ability of the organization to satisfy the needs of its clients (either customers themselves or competitors, suppliers, community). We can not forget also internal analysis, where resources of this subject, its financial management and its reliability are described and analyzed. The important part of the thesis is the synthesis of the results, where strenghts, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are summarized.
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The strategic analysis of the Domov Sue Ryder
Chlupatá, Kristýna ; Vávrová, Hana (advisor) ; Krause, Josef (referee)
The aim of the thesis is implementation of the strategic analysis for the non-governmental organization Domov Sue Ryder, o.p.s. and to identify all the factors which have impact on its economy. The work deals with the effects of the external environment and the internal resources, which are available for the organization. There was used PEST analysis for analysis of the micro-environment. I have identified all the factors that affect the firm's ability to satisfy customer needs in section related to the micro-environment. These are members in the sector of social services for elderly. They form competition or support for the organization. The important part is also the synthesis of the results of the strategic analysis. There are listed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The conclusion summarizes the most important information. There are suggested recommendations to management for improving.
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Development of selective agonists of adenosine receptors optimization of the synthetic procedures to obtain 2-chloropurine and analogues
Mimochodková, Lenka ; Vinšová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Špulák, Marcel (referee)
CONCLUSION This thesis describes the synthesis of nucleosides and their analogues that are of enormous importance. They are an established class of clinically useful medicinal agents, possessing antiviral and anticancer activity. From a chemical point of view, in this work, we focus on the synthesis of adenosine and nucleoside analogues. In the adenosine nucleoside series the purine base was altered at the 2- and N6-position. In the method developed by Vorbrüggen, the glycosidic bond formation is driven by the use of 2,6- dichlorpurine and 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose in combination with strong Lewis acids, like trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and a base diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7- ene. This Vorbrüggen coupling reaction is the reference in nucleoside synthesis and provides a highly reproducible method for 2,6-dichloro-9H-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)purine formation in high yield (86 %) with reliable and predictable stereochemistry, i.e. orientation of the glycosidic bond. Displacement of the 6-chloro atom in 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose with ammonia or isobutylamine, followed by deprotection, produced the 2-chloroadenosine and the 2- chloro-N6-isobutyladenosine. 2-Chloroadenosine and 2-chloro-N6-isobutyladenosine are used as a starting material for...
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Building trust in virtual teams through communication
Štádlerová, Michaela ; Klas, Jan (advisor) ; Jura, Jiří (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to propose the model of trust based on communication. The objective is to first characterize virtual teams, summarized the theoretical approaches to trust in virtual teams, define the specifics of the communication process in virtual teams and design own model of trust based on communication. The proposed model is achieved on the basis of own research specifically: analysis, synthesis and detailed summary. The summary includes limitations of particular papers and weaknesses of research, what is taken into the consideration for the proposed model. The proposed model is based on the active form of trust that is build on proactive approach of team leader in the first phase of virtual team's life cycle and later on communication strategies through dialogue technique leading to shared mental models. The proposed model describes the process of building trust in first two stages of the virtual team's life cycle together with the implications for the leader: How to build trust in virtual teams through the communication.
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Advanced oxidation processes in environmental applications
OLŠAN, Pavel
The aim of this thesis is the study of application of the synergistic effects of various advanced oxidation processes (AOP) used for decomposition of chemical compounds resistant to biodegradation. The synergistic effect of photocatalytically active material and low temperature plasma were tested in my thesis. Model substances with photocatalytically active material were exposed to atmospheric plasma discharge (Gliding Arc) in order to improve generation of the active hydroxyl groups and oxidation processes. The first chapter of the theoretical part summarizes the knowledge of advanced oxidation processes, their principles and utilization. Next chapters are dedicated to basic summary of titanium dioxide and types of creating the thin films. The last part of theoretical chapter describes the types of plasma discharges. The experimental part describes the equipment for decomposition of chemical compounds resistant to biodegradation using AOP. Next chapter of the experimental part is dedicated to decomposition of organic dye AO7 and antibiotic Verapamil hydrochloride. The last chapter summarizes the results of the experiments.
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The quality of furniture in the context of the brand Czech quality furniture
NOVÁK, Tomáš
The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the qualitative level of furniture available on the Czech market in the context of quality labels. The most important mark of quality for the section of furniture is a brand of Czech quality, furniture, which is a central issue for this work. Introduction of thesis is dedicated to the theoretical analysis to ensure a closer acquaintance with the true issue. Continuing practical part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of the quality of the furniture present on the Czech market, which was carried out by means of questionnaires. Addressed were primarily manufacturers of furniture, who do not possess the marks, and consumers. For obtaining the third were referred to research supplemented by the investigation carried out by the technical services of accredited for the testing of furniture. The outputs obtained from the questionnaires were linked in the form of a synthesis of the data which describes the current situation in the section of furniture on the Czech market. After analytic-synthetic part followed the discussion, which was created with the use of study Furniture 2010 published by INCOMA GfK. The last part of the work is result, which was primarily intended to confirm or refute the hypothesis set out, where applicable, to the summary of the most important knowledge related to the quality of the furniture on the Czech market.
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The mechanisms of specific polutants impact on aquatic communities.
Vaněčková, Hana ; Fuksa, Josef (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
With a decrease of classic pollution of water ecosystems the importance of PPCP (pharmaceutics and personal care products) increases. Their amount is increasing due to human consumption and thus the input into municipal wastewater and consequently into the surface water, eventually into the ground water increases as well. This bachelor work is a review of scientific literature in the field of PPCP water load. The goal is resuming the results of the studies of the influence of these substances on freshwater aquatic communities. In the beginning the sources of the variability (in time and space) of the concentrations of these substances in rivers are resumed. But the rate of affection of the aquatic communities depends even on the length of exposure, which is longterm with regard to the continuous flow of substances from wastewater treatment plants. That is why the effect of long-term incidence on aquatic communities is intensively studied. The emphasis is put on the incidence of endocrine disruptors (substances disrupting the endocrine system), which affect e.g. the oestral cycle of some kind of exposed populations. There are observed changes in the way of perception of a predator by his prey whereas the escape reactions of the prey happen to be affected. The additive effect of ixtures of...
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