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Morphological and syntactical description of Czech numerals expressing number, sets and types of entities
Jínová, Pavlína ; Zikánová, Šárka (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
The theme of this thesis is morfological and syntactical description of Czech numerals expressing number of a) entities, b) their sets and c) their kinds. These three meanings are to be found together in some simple (basic) numerals (dva - two, osm - eight), numerals such as čtvero (group of four entities of different kinds, four) or dvé (group of two entities, two), and numerals expressing the number of kinds (dvojí, dvoje - two kinds). The co-occurrence of the three meanings mentioned is the reason why they are discussed together within one treatise. The goal of our analysis is to contribute, on the basis of a research into current linguistic materia/, to the mapping of the use of the numerals under study in modern Czech. The first part of the thesis consist of a description of the simple (basic) numerals, numerals such as čtvero and dvé and numerals expressing the number of kinds. In the second part we look at the problem from the opposite point of view, adducing the way of counting entities which are labelled by nouns with peripheral distribution of number (kalhoty - trousers, dveředoor( s), nádobí - utensils, ovoce - fruit(sL přikývnutí - nod(s), voda - water, mouka - flour, etc.). Many phenomena discussed in this thesis which are related to the use of the three adduced types of numerals points to the...
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Strategies of survival during the genocide in Rwanda 1994
Spejchal, Petr ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor)
The genocide in Rwanda was one of the most horrifying events of the 20th century. It happened in front of the UN troops, which did not manage to prevent the slaughter of almost 800 000 people, mostly Tutsi. Inspite of extensive research we still do not know how it happened. The problem is that if we are speaking about genocide we usually focus on the perpetrators while the victims are seen as passive actors. If we leave the notion of genocide outside the micro level of historical research, we can more clearly focus on strategies, which the people engaged in order to survive. Their strategies were rooted in their historical memory, which was profoundly affected by the colonial history of Rwanda and Burundi and the authoritarianism which came afterwards. Economic crisis and global geopolitical change at the beginning of the 90's pushed the Rwandan regime towards democratization. Ongoing civil war and the assassination of the president of Burundi made the situation very tense. The genocide started when an airplane carrying the president of Rwanda was shot down. In Kigali the killings were very fast and intense. Initially people got the information from the extremist radio RTLM, but their next steps towards survival were more dependent upon their personal relationships, which provided them the possibility to be...
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The Specifics of Interrogation of Minors
Földešová, Markéta ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis deals with interrogation of minors in course of criminal proceedings. In particular, the aim of the thesis is to basically describe differences between interrogations of minors and interrogation of adults categorised by individual procedural positions. The text focuses on interrogation of youngsters less than 18 years old in the position of witnesses. The thesis also discourses upon interrogation of minor perpetrators of criminal activity under the Juvenile Justice Act (in Czech zákon o soudnictví ve věcech mládeže) and takes into account provisions of the Criminal Victims Act (in Czech zákon o obětech trestných činů) focusing on right of interrogated victims on protection from secondary victimisation. The first chapter introduces point of view of individual branches of science in respect of the described topic of the thesis. The chapter determines fundamental terms used in the thesis, in particular the following terms: minor, interrogation and testimony. The characteristics of the possible procedural positions of minors follows, as the procedural position of the interrogated person strongly influences the choice of interrogation tactics. The second chapter summarises psychological findings about peculiarities of psyche of minors, its development and specific psychological factors which...
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Women on maternity and parental leave as a target group in adult education
Votrubová, Jana ; Šerák, Michal (advisor) ; Šnýdrová, Ivana (referee)
The subject of this work is women on maternity and parental leave as a target group of adult education. These women are inserted in the target group mainly because they are handicapped on the labor market. In this work, I am presenting the most complex view of the examined group, its position in the society and the educational possibilities. The first part of this work describes some solutions related to women on maternity and parental leave. It is mainly a social view on the ideas of maternity and parenthood which has changed through the history and which has been modified by opinions of psychologists and pedagogues. The second part of my work is focused on a brief analysis of the current social situation of women with small children. I describe important measures offered by the state such as the institute of the maternity and parental leave and child care. For the proper setting of these measures, it is important to know the attitudes assumed by the society towards them. The education of women on maternity and parental leave is not an easy task. I describe motivations of these women, organizational specifics related to the creation of the educational programs and also some of the educational possibilities during the period of maternity and parental leave. At the end, I write about a possible function of...
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Jiří Haller in the contexts of Czech linguistics
Chromý, Jan ; Nebeská, Iva (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This study tries to examine the position of Jiří Haller in the context of Czech linguistics, or more precisely in the context of the development of Czech research of language culture. The first chapter analyzes the work of Jan Gebauer, Josef Zubatý and Václav Ertl, Le. the work of Haller's predecessors. The goal is to find joint aspects of theirs approach to the language culture. The second chapter is concerned with the background of Haller's professional work, mainly with the study entitled "Problém jazykové správnosti", which summarizes Haller's early theoretical attitude. The third chapter analyzes the dispute over literary language; it offers a complex survey of those debates and tries to critically evaluate particular polemic appearances. The fourth part examines other works of Jiří Haller, Le. his activities after 1932. The main goal of the study is to revise traditional opinions on the personality of Jiří Haller and to present a more realistic view on his linguistic appearance and his work.
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Municipal administration and offices in the Middle Elbe region during the Thirty Years' War
Ďurčanský, Marek ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The operation of municipal offices and municipal administration in general was not a too popular topic in Czech historiography. Even this aspect of the life of Czech towns was strongly influenced by the persecution of Czech estates after the battle on the White Mountain and following processes with the gravity centre in the third decade of the 17th century, as well as by the direct and indirect consequences of military actions. Research in such area can also enrich our knowledge of many aspects of contemporary city life and contribute to a better explanation of such consequential phenomena as emigration and recatholicization. The municipal councils and municipal offices can often be named as nervus rerum in these circumstances. To elaborate the problems of military influences on administration in the times of the Thirty Years' War fully is not possible without more detailed studies about the situation of particular municipal offices. This kind of research would enable us to compare several regions. But there is a lack of such studies. The way out can be found by using proper surveys of the situation of several towns. Such probes would outline basic tendencies and phenomena, or the key questions for the subsequent research, such as: a) the extent and structure of the bodies of municipal administration and...
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Fiacres and cab carriages in Prague
Břečka, Josef ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor)
This fmal thesis makes an attempt to give account of the development of fiacre and cab carriage transport in Prague. It concentrates on two maitl themes. Firstly, it deals with the development of this type of transport in the historical, cultural and industrial growth of the city, technical aspects and institutions. Secondly, the thesis attempts to capture the chann of old Prague dominated by this phenomenon of horse drawn public transport throughout the whole of the 19 century. Since horses were the main driving power in the city at that time, Prague absorbed them and made them part of its culture. Many sights and crafts remind of the specific horse culture in the city. There are not only various pieces of horse tack, fonner stables and riding halls, but also means of transport, such as horse-drawn wagons and cabs oftoday's tourist promenade transport. Part of the charm of the city was also linked with the typical men-abouttown coachers or cabmen who have been part of the atmosphere ofthe city until today, and the author also tries to show their everyday life. The thesis describes the overall development of the public transport in Prague from the flist punts and rafts, ferrying passengers across the Vltava River, and sedan chairs, carrying their customers along the streets of old Prague, via the first...
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Slovaks in Kovačica - artists of naive paintings
Spodniaková, Ivana ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee) ; Dudková, Janka (advisor)
Kovacica je obec, ktoni sa nachadza v JUZnom Bamite, v regione Vojvodina, v sevemom Srbsku. Okrem domova slovenskej minority, je aj domovom naivneho, Ci insitneho umenia, fenomenu, ktoremu sa chcem venovaf v mojej bakahirskej pnki. Je niekol'ko spajajucich cinitel'ov, ktore boli podnetom k ryberu tejto problematiky. K Srbsku rna viaze osobny vzfah nevyspytatel'nej sympatie, ktorej zrod neviete zasadif do presneho casoveho useku. Spoznavanie tejto krajiny, vd'aka niekol'ky-m pobytom mi tento pocit este umocnili. Umelecka tvorba a rytvame umenie, su pre mila vel'mi blizkou oblasfou a zaujimavou pre detailnejsie presktimanie. Tieto dva cinitele sa spojili do vyUstenia temy, ktora v sebe spaja umeleckosf i otazku etnicity. V praci by som chcela poskytnUf pohl'ad na ulohu aM zastava umenie v spolocnosti, to ostava mojim hlavnym predmetom zaujmu. Ako aj otazka minoritneho a majoritneho obyvatel'stva a koexistenciajednotlirych skupin v multietnickom prostredL V tejto praci sa budem skromne snazit' 0 skibenie ty-chto faktorov: Zaujimalo ma minoritne postavenie Slovakov zijucich v Srbsku, a zaroveii obraz Slovakov ako skupiny, ktora sa stala svetovo znamou prostrednictvom umenia, ktore dostalo pomenovanie naivne- insitne. Zrod insitneho umenia sa datuje od pociatku 50tych rokov, kedy vznika prve zoskupenie naivnych...
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President of the Czech Republic
Janstová, Kateřina ; Pavlíček, Václav (advisor) ; Gronský, Ján (referee) ; Jičínský, Zdeněk (referee)
Otázka postavení prezidenta republiky v rámci ústavního systému je již od vzniku samostatného československého státu v roce 1918 předmětem odborných polemik, a to nejen v řadách ústavní teorie, nýbrž i ústavní praxe. V současné době nabyla na aktuálnosti v souvislosti s recentní judikaturou Ústavního soudu, resp. Nejvyššího správního soudu, jež nelze hodnotit jinak než jako průlom do tradičního pojetí prezidenta republiky jakožto hlavy státu. Právě uvedené pojetí reflektované v odborné literatuře a donedávna i v aplikační praxi jsem zvolila za výchozí pro zpracování této disertační práce. Jejím hlavním cílem je poskytnout ucelený pohled na postavení prezidenta republiky jakožto hlavy státu dle platné ústavní úpravy. V rámci zkoumání jednotlivých institutů jsem považovala za nezbytné zabývat se vývojem jejich ústavní úpravy, a to zejména s ohledem na skutečnost, že součástí platné ústavní upravy jsou vedle psaného práva rovněž ústavní zvyklosti, jejichž kořeny je třeba hledat právě v jednotlivých etapách ústavního vývoje. V tomto smyslu jsem se zaměřila především na ústavní úpravu zakotvenou Ústavní listinou, jež je s platnou ústavní úpravou často srovnávána a na níž dokonce ve svých rozhodnutích odkazuje Ústavní soud. Naopak ústavní úpravou stanovenou Prozatímní ústavou se vzhledem k její provizorní povaze...
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Municipal administration and offices in the Middle Elbe region during the Thirty Years' War
Ďurčanský, Marek ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The operation of municipal offices and municipal administration in general was not a too popular topic in Czech historiography. Even this aspect of the life of Czech towns was strongly influenced by the persecution of Czech estates after the battle on the White Mountain and following processes with the gravity centre in the third decade of the 17th century, as well as by the direct and indirect consequences of military actions. Research in such area can also enrich our knowledge of many aspects of contemporary city life and contribute to a better explanation of such consequential phenomena as emigration and recatholicization. The municipal councils and municipal offices can often be named as nervus rerum in these circumstances. To elaborate the problems of military influences on administration in the times of the Thirty Years' War fully is not possible without more detailed studies about the situation of particular municipal offices. This kind of research would enable us to compare several regions. But there is a lack of such studies. The way out can be found by using proper surveys of the situation of several towns. Such probes would outline basic tendencies and phenomena, or the key questions for the subsequent research, such as: a) the extent and structure of the bodies of municipal administration and...
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