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Influence of white and yellow flower rape on incidence of natural enemies of pests
Křížek, Stanislav ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Daniel, Daniel (referee)
The insect society living in oilseed rape is large. Change of the crop characteristics affects both harmful species and beneficious ones. The latter group consists of a lot of members of order Hymenoptera. This work focuses on the evaluation of impact of white oilseed rape cultivation on the insect society in comparison with two yellow winter varieties. Newly bred winter oilseed rape line variety Witt was compared to two hybrid varieties of yellow rape; Sherpa and DK Sensei. The experiment was carried out in 2015 and its plots were placed at Ruzyně at Crop Reserach Institute (VÚRV, v. v. i.) and also at the Experimental Unit of Czech University of Life Sciences (ČZU) in Uhříněves. The insects were collected by sweeping net, soil larvae traps and soil emergence traps. The occurrence of serious pests (pollen beetle Brassicogethes aeneus, brassica pod midge Dasineura brassicae, cabbage seed weevil Ceutorhynchus obstrictus, stem flea beetle Psylliodes chrysocephalus and cabbage flea beetles Phyllotreta sp.) was recorded. Dominant parasitoid species were Tersilochus heterocerus, Platygaster subuliformis, Trichomalus perfectus, Mesopolobus morys and Omphale clypealis. The level of pest mortality was evaluated. Numbers of species identified by key were processed using generalized linear model method in R statistical software. The results confirm suitability of the assessed varieties in the white oilseed rape cultivation system, notably in the combination of Sherpa and Witt. They give an insight into parasitoid community of oilseed rape in Czech republic, which is useful for management of serious pest species.
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The Issue of Extradition of Agricultural Property to Churches in the Usti Region
Pavliš, Jiří ; Korcová, Renata (advisor) ; Jansa, Viktor (referee)
The theme of this work was chosen for topicality and public pressure on the issue described. Mandatory or authorized person did not have much time after the adoption of Act no. 428/2012 Coll. property settlement with churches and religious communities to prepare the application of this law in practice, during which there were ambiguities in the interpretation of legislation. Therefore, he was elected aim of this study is to identify the main issues that arose in the application of this law, and recommendations for their elimination or mitigation. Suitable proved the use of qualitative research methods: interviews with professionals and direct observation. The practical part describes the most common problems of the investigated areas that were identified by direct observation and interviews. Based on the findings were obliged person: the State Land Office recommended steps to improve the situation examined issues.
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Evaluation of treatment efficiency of selected constructed wetlands
Houška, Vojtěch ; Vymazal, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková Březinová, Tereza (referee)
Constructed wetlands represent a suitable alternative for wastewater treatment nowadays. They are irreplaceable in Czech Republic as well as worldwide. Initially, they were not accepted unanimously by the water authorities due to the simple technological design.
In this Bachelor thesis, the main types constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment, their general principle of cleaning and suitable wetland vegetation are described. Also, the main components of pollution in the waste water are evaluated in the thesis. The thesis provides an evaluation of treatment performance of five constructed wetlands, namely Spálené Poříčí, Olší nad Oslavou, Rudíkov, Osová Bitýška and Křoví. This thesis is focused on the evaluation of the long-term treatment efficiency in terms of BOD5, COD, suspended solids, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. The most results show a very good level of wastewater treatment of surveyed constructed wetlands.
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The sprouting dynamics of coppices on experimental clear-cuts of Podyjí National park
Pech, Jiří ; Bače, Radek (advisor) ; Čada, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dealing with literature review of the subject coppice and coppice-with-standards forest in Czech Republic as well as in Europe. It is concerned with definition of these coppice systems, historical and current progress of coppice and its distribution in Czech Republic and European Union. Further questions of the thesis are, if there is any reason to continue or to renovate silviculture of coppice and if so, for what reasons and what is optimal rotation period in coppice. Description of principal tree species with sprouting ability in Central Europe are included in the thesis as well.
In the second part of the bachelor thesis sprouting ability in experimental research plots in National Park Podyjí are evaluated. The sprouting ability is evaluated for three principal tree species in Central Europe, oak, linden and hornbeam. The thesis compares interspecies relations in the initial growing speed of the shoots and the ability to produce the shoots in relation to diameter of the stump. Further the thesis is dealing with growing speed in relation to the amount of available light.
Measuring, after five growing seasons, in total of twelve experimental plots, discovered the highest sprouting ability by linden (87%), then oak (43%) and hornbeam (32%).
The thesis pointed out the significant interspecies differences in the ability to produce shoots. But the reliance of shoots producing on stump diameter has not been proved (for oak and hornbeam).
Because the relationship between the height increment of shoots and the amount of available light was not significantly demonstrate, it can be assumed, that experimental plots (forest clearing) are extensive enough and the sprouting ability is not limited by the amount of available light.
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Human behaviour in crisis situation
Benediktová, Dana ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Nosek, Ondřej (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the human behaviour in crisis situations. In the thesis, a concrete crisis situation was chosen to show how it influences human psyche. This situation is represented by a particular period during which children or juveniles leave their homes and at the same time entry into their own independent life of adults. Furthermore, the leaving their parents is not for children or juveniles as traumatic as the leaving residential care and, therefore, the bachelor thesis mainly focuses on individuals, leaving children's home or other forms of alternative parental care. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical and the practical ones.
The theoretical part explains and gives definitions of particular terms, which are connected with the topic. The system of the residential care in the Czech Republic is divided into categories and described, moreover organizations, helping individuals after their gaining of independence, are mentioned too. The last section of the theoretical part describes the basic problems associated with living in the residential care and its leaving.
The practical part deals with comparison of individuals from the residential care and individuals from the common families, their entry into adult life is described on the basis of the interviews with the individuals. The both groups also enumerate and characterize possible difficulties or disadvantages of alternative parental care.
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Strategy proposal for the town Hořovice
Peták, Ondřej ; Peltan, Tomáš (advisor) ; Maier, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with an industrial city of Hořovice which is situated in an area of frequent inner outskirts. The crucial subject is a proposal of the most suitable strategy of development for this city. The purpose of this is to strengthen an influence of the city on the region and to avoid its transformation on the inner outskirts. The strategy proceeds from 4 descriptive (or also explorative) scripts of possible future which describe directions of potential development and are identified on the basis of territorial analyses. These analyses are based on the combination of two main factors which are the most influential for the future development of the city. It includes situation in industry (especially car industry) and social coherence (incoherence) of population.
The outcome of this thesis is a proposal of development strategy which is focused on augmentation of industrial heterogeneity and reduction of necessity of individual motor transport by creating city of short distances.
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Climatic Changes After The Eruption of Tambora in 1815
Zhao, Shuran ; Soukupová, Jana (advisor) ; Bašta, Petr (referee)
Volcanic activities belongs to the most common natural events on this planet. They are as old as our planet. Some volcanoes have very long life cycle, their interval of eruptions can be up to tens or hundreds of thousands years. In general, the long interval the large eruption. The super-eruptions on VEI 8 are able to destroy the whole human civilization on the world. Fortunately this kind of eruptions is very rare from the human perspective.
Other weaker eruptions happen more frequently. Human civilization experienced an eruption of VEI 7 in 1815, which was the biggest eruption during last 10 000 years and led to global cooling and famine. That was the biggest volcanic eruption in human history, eruption of volcano Tambora in 1815.
Tambora during its eruption released a tremendous amount of magma and volcanic gases. It has been unsurpassed till now. It had severe consequences, many people were killed by the eruption but even more people died as a result of diseases or starvation related to eruption. In next 2 to 3 years after eruption, Northern Hemisphere was in an unstable condition. A huge amount of volcanic gases and ash released by this eruption was transported into stratosphere that led to global cooling. Just the cooling destroyed many fields and killed lots of people. So that year 1816 get a name as year without summer. In my work I collected information and data of weather during 1815 to 1817 around Northern Hemisphere to compare them and to find out whether the eruption changed the climate after 1815. Many sources recorded an unusual weather in North America, Asia and Europe. In these years, it was always cloudy and persistently rained. The Czech lands were also affected by this eruption. Many Czech sources recorded cold weather in 1815-1817 that related with widespread rise in price of agricultural products. It undoubtedly worsened the already grave situation.
Such these eruptions are big threat to human civilization. We cannot avoid them, but we can reduce the consequences to a minimum by monitoring volcanoes and their activities.
The aim of this work is describe the climatic changes accompanied with the big volcanic eruption of 1815 and its consequences. I am trying to restoring the details of volcanic eruption. My aim is to draw attention to the danger of volcanic activity and the importance of monitoring volcanoes.
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The 2008 crisis and the response of France in the European context
Giusiano, Grégoire ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Anna, Anna (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to analyze what have been the impacts of the 2008 financial crisis in France and what were the direct reactions of the government to it. This analysis would be put in perspective by comparing it to the policies taken by various European neighbors. In the first part we analyze the cause of the crisis bubble-burst cycle and more precisely of the financial crisis. We conclude that a financial crisis comes from an accumulation of debt badly invest. We then study the example of the crisis of 1929 and the measure taken by the American government during the Great Depression through the New Deal. We explain that the measures not only planned on distributing money for the demand but set people to work and reformed the general economic environment. After studying the crisis of 2008 in the United State we see that even if the crisis began in the financial sector, its repercussion were felt on the entire economy. In the second part we analyze the main economic trends of France since World War Two. We will see that after thirty years of high growth and social development, the country was for thirty years on a downward trend of the economic development. We will study the case of unemployment, which is representative of the politic and economic system of France. We will realize that the different governments do not seem to be able to reform the country through sustainable measures that go beyond the impact of the announcement itself. We will then analyze the first effects of the crisis on the French economy to conclude that it resulted in the worsening of all the main macro-economic indexes, with the deepening of the debt and the development of a recession. We will then be able to compare those results to three major indexes of two other Europeans countries: the Czech Republic and Germany. We will see that those two countries, due to the importance of exportations on their national economies, and in the case of the Czech Republic, the importance of Germany, suffered more, in proportion, compared to France. In the third part we will study the measures taken by the French government in the aftermath of the crisis and the effects of those measures. We will see that if they plan to support the country through the help to the companies, the measure lack of long term planning. They are short terms measures that helped the country pass the worst of the crisis, but with long lasting effects on the country's debt. We will then compare them to the measures taken by the United Kingdom and Germany. Those two country are interesting to study since the British government made the choice of mainly directly supporting the consumption and Germany, with the largest European stimulus package was acting on all fronts. We will conclude that the main result for the two countries are the growing debt in percentage of GDP, but also that the long term effects are more taken into account in those two plans.
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Financial analysis of chosen company
Lajdová, Anežka ; Homolka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Marie, Marie (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is elaboration of the financial analysis of the company Sellier & Bellot, a. s. for the time period 2011 to 2014. The bachelor thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part the financial analysis is described theoretically with its history, users and information sources. In the practical part at first the chosen subject, Sellier & Bellot, a. s., is described and briefly characterized, its history, achievements and organizational structure. Further, the required calculations of the financial analysis are done. These calculations are commentated. In the conclusion the overall evaluation of the financial analysis is made.
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Aplikace Android - Theory and Practice
Kalamár, Dominik ; Halbich, Čestmír (advisor) ; Lohr, Václav (referee)
The theoretical part is aimed at acquainting the reader with the Android operating system and application development for it. Furthermore, the readers are generally acquainted with the history and the subsequent course of development of this platform in form of updates. It also shortly discuss the major competitors of Android, which are iOS and Windows Phone. The end of the theoretical part introduces readers to the official Android Stu-dio development environment and one of its alternatives the App Inventor 2.
In the practical part, there is captured design and the subsequent development of two samples of similar applications, on developed in Android Studio and the second one developed in App Inventor 2. In the end of this thesis is evaluated difficulty of creating an application in different development environments, and also the robustness of options, that each of this environments provides.
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