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Social work with people with mental illness
Roďanová, Jana ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (referee)
The thesis draws attention to the mentally disordered healthcare with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. It describes basic social services, with a focus on legislation and social workers' competencies and code of ethics. It deals with the methods of social services regarding schizophrenic patients. It defines the reasons for inception of schizophrenia and possibilities for patients' reintegration into the society. It deals with the concept of schizophrenia, examines the types of schizophrenia and possible treatments. In addition, it points out the importance of social workers involvement while working with mentally disordered people. Due to the fact that schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder, I decided to work as an intern in the therapeutic community Mýto. Based on my experience, I attempted a deeper analysis of this therapeutic residence.
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The Ecological Validity of the Tests of Executive Functioning in Patients with Schizofrenia
Drozdová, Kristýna ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Krámská, Lenka (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee)
Aim: The current study investigated a pattern of associations between executive functions and everyday functioning in a sample of schizophrenia patients with the aim to specify the ecological validity. The ecological validity as a specific form of external validity refers to the extent of the relation of the test outcome measures and patients' behaviour in everyday situations. Sample and methods: A sample of 77 patients (22 women and 55 men) with the diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, who met study inclusion criteria, was assessed with several executive function tests: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail Making Test B (TMT B), Phonemic Verbal Fluency Test and Semantic Verbal Fluency Test (VF), Similarities from Wechsler Adult Inteligence Scale (WAIS III), Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test in Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS), and with rating scales for patients' behavior in everyday situations - Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSPs), newly developed clinical scale (CliSca), Interview for Assessment of Insight (SAI) and patients' self rating in Social Functioning Scale (SFS). Relationships between demografic measures and test outcomes were examined. Results: Verbal fluency tests did correlate significantly with the newly developed clinical scale that seems...
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Employment of people with schizophrenia
Lokajíčková, Renáta ; Mužáková, Monika (advisor) ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with employing people with the schizophrenia and its benefits to them. Topic: Employment of people with schizophrenia The theoretical part of the work describes schizophrenia, the stigma and prejudice associated with this disease and the importance of employment to people with mental illness; it also examines rehabilitation employment, especially supported employment, and mentions also a non-profit organization that helps people with schizophrenia to prepare and search for the employment. For my research, I used a qualitative strategy - semistructured interviews with the recipients of supported and temporary employment. Based on the analysis of these interviews, I try to answer questions about the importance of employment to people with schizophrenia disease. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to answer the research question: How important is to involve people with schizophrenia in daily life, especially by finding a suitable job.
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Activization of a client with psychiatric diagnosis in sheltered housing
Faifrová, Iveta ; Nováková, Ivana (advisor) ; Chittussiová, Lenka (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with schizophrenia and outlines her socially. The main objective is to find out the activation of clients living in sheltered housing. Whether the client perceives their health and is consequently able to participate in activating programs. If the client is actively being responsible with his family, and is positively influenced and thus is able to see the future positively. In my work I put forth eight interviews I had with clients from sheltered housing - Bona o.p.s. interviews. I analyzed and subsequently determined whether the predetermined assumptions were confirmed or not.
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Day treatment programme for psychotic disorders and relapse prevention
Petráňová, Dana ; Bankovská Motlová, Lucie (advisor)
Day treatment programme is clinically-based 6-week structured integrated programme for out patiens with schizophrenia, best after first attack, when patients need psychological support as soon as possible to cope with their illness and with reality,that they have to use drugs. The programme is led by psychiatrist and nurse-therapist. The group day treatment programme consists of individual and family psychoeducation,social skill training, life style improvement intervention, cognitive remediation and information aided relapse prevention programme ITAREPS. The principal aim of day treatment programme i afford place for psychiatric rehabilitation and surmount stage after release from hospital. Combination of all those interventions is more effective. And by this way doctors try to improve quality of patient"s life and make easy return to society. Although they try to educate patients and their families to recognize early warning signs of relapse. Main problems are: recognize illness,bad manipulation with informations,changing relapse and remissions,stigma of schizophrenia in society,support in family. Patients have to know,that they are ill. They have to understand, that if they take pills every day, the relapse does not come. And they will take pills, if they will understand, why is it so important. They...
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The emotion-paradox in schizophrenia spectrum disporders
Keřková, Barbora ; Raboch, Jiří (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee) ; Timmers, Renee (referee)
THE EMOTION-PARADOX 1 Abstract The emotion-paradox in schizophrenia describes a dissociation between the grossly impaired perception of emotion and relatively preserved experience thereof. Most posit that the emotion-paradox arises from a generalized emotion perception impairment. Others counter that it represents an artefact of methodological restrictions or a separate dissociation between explicit and implicit emotion. This thesis aimed to explain the emotion-paradox in schizophrenia and resolve the competing interpretations of its root. Two studies were conducted to this end. The studies drew from the same sample, including 45 persons with schizophrenia of various symptomatology, and 45 controls with no psychiatric anamnesis or familial history of schizophrenia. The groups did not differ in age, gender, education or music education. In Study 1, the participants listened to musical stimuli and rated their perception and experience of the valence and arousal that these stimuli relayed. In Study 2, the participants completed a newly developed emotional Stroop task, in which they identified the colour of a series of neutral and negative descriptors of positive, negative, or no symptoms of schizophrenia. Findings of Study 1 indicated: a) that persons with schizophrenia recognize musical emotions as accurately...
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The use of tryptophan depletion in the study of the mechanism of action of psychopharmaceuticals
Jirásková, Markéta ; Valeš, Karel (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Tryptophan depletion is a non-pharmacological and non-invasive method extensively used to investigate the role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine in humans and animals. The method is based on reducing the availability of the essential amino acid tryptophan, the dietary serotonin precursor. As a precursor of serotonin, L-Tryptophan has a key role in the regulation of many physiological processes and, inter alia, in the pathology and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and diseases. Despite the fact, that the method of tryptophan depletion has been applied in many experimental studies, the exact mechanism, by which tryptophan depletion inducted neurophysiological effects, remain unclear. Also, the protentional use of this method together with other drug coadministration has not been explored in detail yet. In this thesis, the most possible mechanisms of tryptophan depletion are discussed. Biochemical and behavioural effects of low dose of dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg and 0.15 mg/kg) in animal model of tryptophan depletion are investigated as well. And finally, effects of administration of allopregnanolone and tacrine in model of tryptophan depletion with coadministration of MK-801 are studied. The results show that acute tryptophan depletion with prior starvation, not chronic depletion, caused...
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Memory and cognitive coordination impairment in rat models of neuropsychiatric diseases
Vojtěchová, Iveta ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Syka, Josef (referee) ; Hort, Jakub (referee)
The memory and spatial navigation are extremely important brain functions for humans, but they are often the question of life and death for animals. In humans, memory can be disrupted by various neuropsychiatric disorders. The patients suffering from Alzheimer's dementia (AD) have impaired working and long-term memory, spatial navigation, higher cognitive functions and social memory. The deficit of cognitive coordination (the skill to recognize the relevancy of incoming information) and disorientation belong to the symptomatology of schizophrenia. Intelectual disability appears in some patients with autism spectrum disorder. Unfortunately, it is not possible to cure these disorders efficiently because the etiology is not known in the majority of patients. The causes leading to development of these disorders could be revealed using animal models. This thesis contributes to the characterization of the cognitive skills disruptions - as well as other behavioral alterations - in selected rat models of AD (transgenic McGill rat, non-transgenic Samaritan rat) and schizophrenia (lipopolysaccharide model of early postnatal, or prenatal, bacterial infection). The thesis also discusses the validity and limitations of these models. Our results showed a severe deficit of spatial navigation, learning and...
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Calcium signaling of oligodendroglial lineage cells in the animal model of schizophrenia
Kročianová, Daniela ; Anděrová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Stuchlík, Aleš (referee)
Schizophrenia is a neurological disorder with a complex psychopathology, which is far from fully elucidated. In the patients with this disorder, changes on anatomical, cellular, and neurotransmitter level have been found. The aim of this work is to elucidate the function of specific ionotropic glutamate receptors in NG2 glia in the hippocampus of a mouse model of schizophrenia. For this purpose, a mouse model of schizophrenia was generated and validated using immunohistochemistry and behavioural testing. Mice with NG2 glia labelled by a fluorescent protein with a calcium indicator also in NG2 glia were used to observe the activity of glutamate channels and the properties of the extracellular space in these mice. Changes were found in the schizophrenic animals when compared to control animals in the numbers of hippocampal oligodendrocyte lineage cells, in prepulse inhibition and in both volume fraction and tortuosity of the extracellular space in hippocampus. Moreover, the percentage of cells responding to glutamate receptor agonists in NG2 glia in hippocampus also differed significantly between the schizophrenic and the control animals. In conclusion, it can be said that we were able to observe significant changes in the mouse model of schizophrenia that we generated in comparison to control...
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