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Comparison of selected fitness assumptions for hockey players, footballers and floorball players of local level\\
NOVÁK, Matěj
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the comparison of selected fitness assumptions for ice hockey players, footballers and floorball players of local level. In this thesis we characterized selected sport disciplines from the physiological perspective. Further thesis is focused on the elements, which is needed to understand the movement and its metabolic pages. The end of the theoretical part is dedicated to the movement abilities and the testing in sport. In the practical part are included tasks and hypotheses of this thesis together with the aim of the thesis. Then, there is described the test battery, which was used for testing. Futhermore, in the practical part are described the characteristics of the test file, the methods of processing results, the results and their comparation. At the end of this thesis are presented the discussion and the conclusion.
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Laboratory Work on Plant Physiology and Anatomy and its Use at Primary School
Vágnerová, Kateřina ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Odcházelová, Tereza (referee)
The presented master thesis is focused on practical teaching of the plant anatomy, morphology ad physiology at primary schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a summary of the basic knowledge about plant morphology anatomy and physiology including integration of the practical teaching of natural science in Framework Education Programme and its extension into the School Education Programme. This part includes also detail theoretical background of teaching methods, which are suitable for laboratory work and didactic games. The second, practical part contains a detail description of the seven author's laboratory works and seven didactic games dealing with different topics from the plant anatomy, morphology and physiology, their practical evaluation on pupils of two primary schools and one secondary school including following detailed analysis of the realized questionnaire of these didactic materials. According to the obtained research data, it is obvious that the using of practical teaching form is more attractive for the pupils than conventional teaching methods at primary school.
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Coaching of fitness basketball training in adults basketball
Mocik, Tomáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kaplan, Aleš (referee)
Title: Coaching of Fitness Basketball Training in Adults Basketball Objectives: The aim of this work was to deal with literary research and to create a training guide to men's fitness training for basketball coaches. In this research I have worked with up-to-now experience which I have extended by translation of foreign literature and basic human physiology. Methods: Research and comparison from foreign and Czech literature which is is concerned with sports training in basketball. Results: The thesis is conceived as a comprehensive concept of a fitness training for adult basketball players. Because this study is supplemented by an knowledge from foreign sources and basic basketball preconditions, it may be used as a fitness training giude or an information source for basketball couches and trainers. Health aspects are introduced as a part of the study too. The fitness training, in a basketball environment, is characterised by a connection of a perfect technical performance and a high level of a speed and power requirements. It is very important to apply all exercises in an areal and temporal distress. Therefore, a basketball game has very high demands on a motor coordination, dexterity and a performance speed. Keywords: Condition training, physiology, influencing of abilities, basketball, season
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Physiology and functional anatomy of nectarivorous birds
Sejfová, Zuzana ; Janeček, Štěpán (advisor) ; Sam, Kateřina (referee)
Hummingbirds, sunbirds and a large part of honeyeaters belong to the most specialized nectarivores. During the evolution they have developed a number of adaptations in reaction to the specificity of their diet. The amount of studies focused on the adaptations connected with the digestion of nectar is not big, but is still growing. One of the characteristics of these birds is very fast and effective transport of consumed sugars across the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore they are tolerant to a very low nitrogen intake and extremely high daily intake of water. Sunbirds and honeyeaters are able to modulate the rate of water absorption in the intestine, but hummingbirds are not and they absorb almost all the consumed water. During the evolution excessive water intake together with a low concentration of salt presented in the diet led to changes in renal morphology that allows the production of an exceptionally dilute urine. The hovering flight of hummingbirds is well known and very well studied. The unique anatomy of hummingbird's wings allows the power production also during upstroke. Thanks to this hummingbirds are able to hover for a very long time and even in condition that are unsuitable for flight. Also sunbirds and honeyeaters sometimes hover during feeding. Nevertheless the mechanics of their hovering...
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Lachrymal secretion in tenrecs: physiological, behavioral and phylogenetic contexts (Tenrecinae, Afrosoricida)
Bálek, Jiří ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
The secretion of white liquid around the eyes and nose with a spiny tenrecs Echinops telfairi and Setifer setosus mentions for the first time Poduschka in 1974, but until now this phenomenon in these species no one paid any detail. Similar secretion was described in Mountain beaver or by shrews. The impetus for shedding the excitement caused by the presence of an individual female or another male or its odor. Males secretions also used for marking territory. A total of 70 samples of eye secretions from ten male Echinops telfairi during the entire active season (from March to October) have been collected within this study. For protein detection method was used two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE) and subsequent identification by mass spectrometry. An autopsy of the eye area was performed for representatives of all four genera of the subfamily Tenrecinae (Tenrec, Setifer, Echinops, Hemicentetes), died in Pilsen Zoo. It was found that a) species of pinholes that produce ocular secretions are significantly higher tear and Harder's gland, b) secretions contain lipocalins - proteins with the ability to transmit pheromones and other hydrophobic molecules, c) secretions of the orbital region having a different composition than the secretions from the nasal area (significantly lower protein...
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Ecophysiology of microscopic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans
Homutová, Karolína ; Kubátová, Alena (advisor) ; Baldrian, Petr (referee)
A microscopic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Ascomycota: Pseudeurotiaceae) causes illness known as white-nose syndrome (WNS) causing death of bats during hibernation. The illness occurs in the North America and in Europe. The fungus is characteristic by asymmetrically curved conidia, by slow growth and growth at low temperatures (below 20 řC). The aim of this study is to clarify properties responsible for unique ecelogy of Pseudogymnoascus destructans by comparison with ecological related or unrelated pathogenic or nonpathogenic fungi. This part includes study of tolerance to physiological stresses and recognition of spectrum of utilizating nutrients (compounds of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur and nutrient supplements). Testing to physiological stresses should help to estimate a potentiality of fungus to spread out of caves. The last aim is to develop a selective isolation medium for P. destructans. Influence of several types of physiological stress (e.g. UVA, UVA with UVB, 25 řC, 30 řC, 37 řC and dryness) was investigated with fluorescent stain propidium iodide (PI) by flow cytometry. The spores of Pseudogymnoascus destructans and three fungi from underground spaces were not viable after 3 weeks at 37 řC. Other stresses did not cause a decreasing of viability or some stresses caused...
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Analysis of motoric tests of footbal players
Hochmal, Marek ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: Analysis of motor tests football players Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to assess motor skills and posture among footballers and analyze individual sub-tests in terms of post game player Method: To evaluate the individual tests were used methods of observation. Over four years, was tested using 14 tests 161 football players junior category, 18 goalkeepers, 46 defenders, 32 midfielders and 65 attackers. The results were presented in the form of bar graphs. Results: Partial confirmation of the hypothesis No. 1: results of motor tests, physiotherapy and sports readiness are able to capture qualitative and quantitative changes in the training process. Confirmation Hypothesis 2: Results of the survey of selected anthropometric tests and physiotherapy are dependent on gaming position. We verified the appropriateness of including physiotherapy examination to test batteries and need medical evidence. Key words: Football, measurement, older pupils, motor tests, physiology.
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Physiology of Serpula lacrymans
Švec, Karel ; Gabriel, Jiří (advisor) ; Koukol, Ondřej (referee)
Serpula lacrymans, the causative agent of dry rot indoor wood decay, is the most common Basidiomycete found in buildings. From the viewpoint of economic loss and destructiveness it is the one of the most important fungus worldwide. S. lacrymans is able to fastly colonize substrate by rapid mycelial spread and effectively decompose it. Despite the fact, that the physiology of this fungus has been studied for more then 100 years, efficient approach for efective defense does not exist. However, the prevention and effort to keep the house enviroment dry still seems to be the best option. This thesis is a survey of a recent knowledge of S. lacrymans physiology and up-to-date technologies used in the remediation of affected buildings. key words: Serpula lacrymans, fungal physiology, rhizomorphs, remediation, wood construction, hot air, microwaves, fungicides
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Copper and its pato/physiological importance in human organism
Bechná, Klára ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (advisor) ; Hrdina, Radomír (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Klára Bechná Supervisor: Přemysl Mladěnka, PharmD., Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Copper and its pato/physiological importance in human organism Copper is an indispensable trace element of our organism. This thesis summarizes the current knowledge about copper, its role in the human body and diseases connected with copper dysbalance. The first part of the thesis deals with the physiological aspects. Functions of copper in the body are described here in detail, in particular the structure and properties of copper- containing enzymes - so-called cuproenzymes. The next section summarizes the current knowledge of the kinetics of copper in the body at the cellular and whole-body levels, including interactions with other trace elements. Details are also presented for each of the factors involved in the homeostasis of copper in the human organism. The second part of the thesis deals with patophysiology of copper. It is focused on the most important diseases that are directly linked to disorders of copper homeostasis in the organism. The greatest emphasis is given mainly on two of them - Wilson's disease and Menkes disease. The former is associated with an excess of copper in the body while...
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