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The economic role of the state in globalized economy
Juřík, Richard ; Bažantová, Ilona (advisor) ; Seknička, Pavel (referee)
in English This diploma thesis encompasses the idea of the economic role of a state in relation to trends of globalization applying political science, political economy and economic geography. The idea goes on by progressively defined conceptions of societal institutions - the concept of a state and political nation on basis of the social contract, the conception of the fair society on basis of the work called Justice as Fairness by John Rawls, conception of globalization in terms of its trends in the area of changing division of work and rising income inequality, and conception of the character of changing roles of a state in relation to globalization and economy. Reference state is a small, internationaly opened, democratic and developed society, which holds western values and norms. It is assumed that in such society individuals pursue their own happiness as a notion of good life. In this aspect Justice as Fairness theory was chosen as a framework for society of equal citizens where economic transactions are considered fair and everybody is given the chance to pursue their own vision of their lives and such state of society shall remain preserved in time. Two main economic roles of a state are concluded by the analysis of consequences of chosen trends of globalization in relation to the...
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Follow-up education and care for people with low function autism
Sedláčková, Dorota ; Ulrichová, Monika (advisor) ; Janečková, Hana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis entitled Follow-up education and care for people with low-function autism deals with the issue of autism spectrum disorders and the possibilities of placement or employment of specific people with this diagnosis after completing compulsory schooling. The work consists of two main parts. This is a theoretical part, which explains the basic concepts of autism spectrum disorders using the literature. It also deals with a historical overview, possible causes of PAS, diagnostic criteria and classification. It also deals with the education system in the Czech Republic and the possibilities of people with ASD in the field of education. Last but not least, it discusses the types of aftercare and the possibilities of people with autism spectrum disorders in the field of housing or employment. The second part of the bachelor's thesis is the practical part, which uses case studies to demonstrate and compare the possibilities of individual people with a diagnosis of autism after compulsory schooling and points to unbalanced conditions of one diagnosis, but different abilities.
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Primary Architecture / Gallery and Museum of Architecture at FA BUT
Hertelová, Viola ; Eichlerová, Eva (referee) ; Ponešová, Barbora (advisor)
The topic I have chosen for my diploma thesis is the curation of architecture as a possible overlap of teaching architecture towards the general public, but also a tool for connecting academic and municipal institutions. In my work I will examine the possibilities of creating an architecture center within the Faculty of Architecture, BUT. Galleries and museums of architecture, and thus various other associations and groups dealing with architecture, often function as separate institutions. I decided to solve the creation of a similar center, which as such has been missing in the Czech environment for many years, through its placement in academia. In my work I will first focus on the theoretical study of the possibilities of presentation and representation of architecture together with new approaches in the field of exhibition and curation of architecture. Subsequently, I will deal with the possibilities of connecting the activities of the Center of Architecture and the Faculty of Architecture. The aim of the work will be a practical design of the center within the BUT campus, for which I chose a space near Veveří Street in Brno, also known as Academic Square. For me to design the center, it will be important for me to analyze the place and find possibilities for its new concept. Today, the space of the Academic Square is in a state of disrepair and is waiting for an important gesture that can unite the place. Can it be the center of architecture?
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Differentiation of institutional quality and competitiveness of European regions
Staňková, Natálie ; Květoň, Viktor (advisor) ; Pělucha, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of the quality of institutions illustrated with example the risk of corruption in public procurement, and the impact of the quality of institutions on the regional competitiveness. Specifically, it focuses on the relationship between corruption risk in public procurement and indicators of the quality of government, economic performance and innovation performance. The theoretical part deals with the role of institutions in regional development, and institutional factors influencing the competitiveness and innovation performance of regions, as well as corruption and its manifestations in public procurement. The empirical part presents the European interregional differences in the level of corruption in public procurement, and the impact of corruption in public procurement on the quality of government, economic performance and innovation performance. Research shows the corruption in public procurement determines the quality of government across European regions, especially in Western and Central Europe. On the other hand, corruption in public procurement has little effect on the economic and innovation performance of regions. Key worlds: institution, innovation, competitiveness, corruption, public procurement
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Infertility experience: retrospective biographical reconstruction of now fertile women
Ulrichová, Eva ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
This master's thesis focuses on the retrospective biographical interviews with three now fertile women who as narrators retrospectively create their identities during the experience with the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. I also explored how the medical and social institution could lead to a change of identity of female infertility. This master's thesis is based on theory of Erving Goffman about patients in total institution: this theory supports the idea that total (medical) institution destroys the patient's original identity and then constructs new identity. The major result of this master's thesis found four different changes in woman's identity during the experience of infertility: identity of implicitly fertile woman and potential mother, denial of identity and the process of accepting a new identity, identity of infertile woman and patient's identity, and mother's identity. The changes of woman's identity are based on diagnostic phase. Therefore I decided to separate them into four various period in this research: pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, post-diagnostic and contra-diagnostic. I also found a difference between Goffman's theory and my results: Based on my research I concluded that the construction of identity of infertile women in the diagnostics and treatment of infertility is...
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Washington Consensus in Latin America
Volfová, Kateřina ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
In order to restart economic growth in Latin America after the so-called "lost decade," most countries in the late 1980s began implementing neoliberal reforms aimed at economic transformation. The most important economic rules, which were summarized by John Williamson and named Washington consensus, aimed at providing macroeconomic stability and much needed economic growth. At first, the transition to market economy seemed successful. After years of economic stagnation, the economy began to grow again, inflation was reduced, privatization provided much needed funds to the state treasuries and the attention of foreign investors turned towards the region. However, the initial success did not last long. Economic growth was far smaller, than what was originally expected, and many countries were failing in dealing with unemployment, poverty, and growing income inequality. Growing scepticism was then fuelled by a series of economic crises in the second half of the 1990s. Comparing the impact of neoliberal reforms on the economies of individual countries is problematic because the way in which they were carried out has differed in many countries. Countries have undergone reforms at different time, different speed and with different intensity. The scope of the implemented reforms also differed. In the...
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Změny v distribuci příjmů v USA a dekompozice Giniho koeficientu
Roček, Tomáš
Roček, T. Changes in income distribution in the USA and decomposition of Gini coefficient. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2016. Since the 80s of the last century, the United States has seen a considerable income inequality growth. This diploma thesis analyses the influence of individual income sources on determination of inequality, esteems their significance and formulates instruments that the government can use to affect these sources. This diploma thesis contains decomposition of Gini coefficient. This decomposition revealed, that the source, which is the most important determinant of the total income ine-quality are salaries and wages. Sales of assets contributed the most to the rise of inequality in the analysed period from 2000 to 2014. This income source also has the highest potential for further growth of income inequality. Discussion part, which follows, contains the debate about the main causes of this progression and the relevance of researching the income inequality issue. Based on the approach used in this diploma thesis, it is possible to decompose the Gini coefficient in any state or region, and to explore the inequality determinants in this way. This thesis also offers a comprehensive view on the whole issue.
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Cooperative as one of the possible tools of the economic concept of Steady-State
Dekastello, Petr ; Hájek, Jan (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
The thesis analyzes the theory of Steady-State Economy based on a research of literature as well as principles and starting points for its application in practice. The central question revolves around the viability of the theory. First, however, the thesis focuses on the context, i.e. the background and needs for the emergence of this theory. Thus, the research begins at a time of industrial revolution and the rise of modern economies. In the course of the research, the analysis also points out the phenomenon of cooperatives, which arise in the early days of industrialization, as examined at the start of the work. Later, after a comprehensive introduction of the steady-state economy theory, the thesis returns to cooperatives, as during the research certain parallels in both of the phenomena emerge. Consequently, the conclusion recapitulates and examines whether steady state economy has been proven to be viable, what could support its functioning and whether one of the answers might be cooperatives - considered they have been shown to realize certain assumptions of this economic theory in practice. After a review of criticism of both of the phenomena, a final evaluation and decision may be reached, i.e. the research questions may be answered.
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The Impact of Ethnic Diversity on Institutions and Economic Development in Former Yugoslavia
Kaltak, Miran ; Schwarz, Jiří (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to conduct a research on impact of ethnic diversity on the economic growth of the countries of ex-Yugoslavia. The main hypothesis was that ethnic diversity affects economic growth. The research was done by using two different methods: a) calculating ethnic fractionalization index and GDP per capita; b) analyzing institutions as channels through which ethnic diversity effects economic growth. The results obtained within the first model demonstrated that diversity negatively influences economic growth. Still, no reliable conclusions could be made, due to low variability in data, short time frame considered and lack of regular data collection. Therefore, the second method reviewed institutions as a channel through which ethnic diversity affects economic growth. The conclusion of this model was that, ethnic diversity mainly has negative impact on the indicators reviewed, which then results in slower economic growth. The results of the research showed that ethnic heterogeneity is an important element in economic, political, institutional and social life of a country. It can be concluded that ethnic diversity is an important factor that should be taken into consideration when doing economic planning in a country as it has direct and, very often, strong impact on economic growth.
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