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Electoral Geography of Post-communist Countries
Sokol, Petr ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee) ; Kouba, Karel (referee)
The thesis "Electoral Geography of Postcommunist Countries in Central and Eastern Europe" deals with the topic of electoral geography, which is a part of the political geography. The basic hypothesis of the paper is based on opinion that the postcommunist countries experienced the twenty years of development in the postcommunist period which made their electoral geography very similar to one in Western Europe. This hypothesis is proved by three different areas of electoral geography. The first part is composed by the analysis of the electoral geography of the founding elections in the 17 postcommunist countries (including the GDR). In the paper is proposed after the research of all 17 countries the categorization of founding elections on the basis of electoral geography. The second part examines the electoral geography of capitals. The research is focused on the size of the lectorate in the capital compare to the whole country, on the diverhgence of electoral results in the capital and in the whole state and on strength of the party families in capitals. Folowing these three areas is proposed the catehorisation of the postcommunist capitals into the five groups. The third part deals with variability of the electoral results inside the state.
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Trade unions - driving force or a brake of the Treadmill of Production?
Jirovská, Lea ; Novák, Arnošt (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis is dealing with types of discourse of the Treadmill of prduction, that are used by Czech confederation of trade unions. In the first part of the text is the description of the theory of the Treadmill of Production and of the roles ot the three acters of the so called growth colaition, which are Labour, Capital and State. In the following part of my work I defined three types of discourse of the Treadmill of Production. The first two are dominant and I named them Competition discourse and Solidarity discourse. They both support the Treadmill of production. The third discourse uses less, it is called Revolution discouse and is used to opose the Treadmill of production. Those three types of discourse are applied in topics of teh flexibilization of work, the technological change, and the environment.
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Technologies, endowment and foreign trade: testing the Heckscher-Ohlin model on Czech data
Kroulíková, Šárka ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Jakub (referee)
One may observe a growing trend of figure measuring the ration between export and gross domestic product that applies for almost all countries. In response to this phenomenon theories dealing with international trade becomes more important. The capability to identify some trends in commodity movements and determine advantages rising from bilateral trade are key aspects of economic growth and country development. This thesis deals with the analysis of international trade between Czech Republic and Germany. Fundamental determinant of trade between countries is Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem and as my research instrument I choose Input-Output methodology. I decided to use two types of calculation, while evaluating the validity of mentioned theory. First is Leontief methodology from 1954, which led to famous Leontief paradox. Second and more modern approach is the one developed by Riedel in 1974. In quantitative part of my analysis I focused my attention on two calculations with purpose to state factor endowment and country's production intensity. The meaning of this analysis is to confirm the validity of Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem, which would lead to conclusion that commodity movement between Czech Republic and Germany is driven by neoclassical theory of comparative advantage.
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The Theory of Capital in Past Economic Thought
Tejkalová, Natálie ; Průša, Jan (advisor) ; Mikolášek, Jakub (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to provide an overview of the development of the theory of capital until 1950's. We identify the main questions that are to be answered in the theory of capital and then recall the respective opinions of several well-known economists, including Adam Smith, Eugene von Böhm-Bawerk, Fridrich A. von Hayek and Joan Robinson. Main focus of our thesis is on the role of capital in production. We discuss the importance of time factor in capital theories. To illustrate the possible employment of time in the theory of production, we present the concepts of roundaboutness and production period, which are typical for the Austrian economic school. Three capital controversies are described to show the contrast between various theories of capital and to suggest the implications of their disaccord for the whole economic theory.
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(De)politicisation in Direct Democracy: Case Study of Local Referendum in the Czech Republic
Drobil, Ondřej ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Škvrňák, Michael (referee)
DROBIL, Ondřej. (De)politizace v přímé demokracii: Případová studie místního referenda v ČR. Praha, 2021. 61 s. Bakalářská práce (Bc). Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut sociologických studií, Katedra sociologie. Vedoucí diplomové práce Mgr. Tomáš Dvořák, Ph.D. Abstract This interdisciplinary thesis deals with the processes of politicisation and depoliticisation in direct democracy. It aims to shed light on how (de)politicisation manifests itself at the level of the referendum actors' utterances and how actors use these strategies during the referendum to reproduce or change the existing ordering of the political space. The research is based on the concept of (de)politicisation as a form of political action and the premise that by the use of language as an instrument of symbolic power, one can shape the social reality. Based on the analysis of statements made by actors of a referendum held in Pilsen in 2013 and by applying critical discourse analysis approach, the following findings were made: At the level of language use, (de)politicisation occurs firstly in the sense of a shift between spheres of action or their hierarchization, through the use of a specific syntactic and semantic sentence structure, and secondly in the sense of forming of necessity or action contingency, through the use...
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Regulation of green banking
Ivančová, Simona ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Juhászová, Jana (referee)
This thesis provides an assessment of potential impacts of the regulation of green banking proposed by the European Commission. Two types of data and methodologies are used. The sample consisting of 28 green banks and 63 of its peers, observed from 2012 to 2018, is analysed via panel regression to es- timate the impact of green banking on profitability and volatility of banks. We use the Within-between estimation which allows the studied dummy vari- able Green to be estimated. Profitability is measured by Return on Assets and Return on Equity and to measure volatility we use their 7-year standard deviations. Aggregated data from the European Central Bank on European banks asset breakdown by instrument are used for the sensitivity analysis esti- mating the impact of the proposed regulation on the bank capital. Firstly, we did not find statistically significant impact of green banking practice on banks profitability. We found the green banks tend to demonstrate lower volatility in terms of Return on Equity. Secondly, we estimated that planned regulation of green banking practice will probably have negligible impact on the banks capital. However, it might decrease lending to carbon-intensive industries by commercial banks. Keywords brown penalty, green banking, green supporting factor, panel...
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Intergenerational construction of perception of poverty within families
Jeřábková, Tereza ; Spalová, Barbora (advisor) ; Kolomoiets, Maksym (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of the concept of poverty and its perception across two generations. This is among those who grew up in the socialism and their descendants who grew up after the transformation. The work aims to describe the intergenerational constructions of perceptions of poverty within families, to further analyze whether the concept of poverty differs between two different generations and, if so, on what these differences is based. Qualitative research is focused on middle-class Prague families, where using semi- structured interviews and the method of projective techniques I find out the attitude of respondents in the perception of the concept of poverty and their narratives associated with it. I use the research work of sociologists and anthropologists A. Schütz, M. Buchowski, M. Kreidl and R. Inglehart as theoretical starting points for qualitative interviews. The theory and data are then analyzed by a combination of narrative and thematic analysis. The main finding of this work is the importance of personal experience with poverty, which influences the further formation of the discourse on poverty.
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Transport infrastructure and its impact on the economic growth in the EU
Peterka, Adam ; Pleticha, Petr (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to determine whether a relationship exists between transport infrastructure and economic growth. This topic has been discussed by many studies, however no relevant study has measured the dif- ference in impact between countries under the historic influence of the Soviet Union. A dataset of 27 EU member states for the period 1995 to 2007 for the length of roads, motorways and railways per capita was analyzed based on their historic membership in the Warsaw pact treaty. A production function approach was applied and the results show positive impact of motorways and railways on the growth of GDP per capita. Keywords transport infrastructure, economic growth, pro- duction function, Warsaw pact, railway, roads, capital Title Transport infrastructure and its impact on the economic growth in the EU
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Cooperative as one of the possible tools of the economic concept of Steady-State
Dekastello, Petr ; Hájek, Jan (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
The thesis analyzes the theory of Steady-State Economy based on a research of literature as well as principles and starting points for its application in practice. The central question revolves around the viability of the theory. First, however, the thesis focuses on the context, i.e. the background and needs for the emergence of this theory. Thus, the research begins at a time of industrial revolution and the rise of modern economies. In the course of the research, the analysis also points out the phenomenon of cooperatives, which arise in the early days of industrialization, as examined at the start of the work. Later, after a comprehensive introduction of the steady-state economy theory, the thesis returns to cooperatives, as during the research certain parallels in both of the phenomena emerge. Consequently, the conclusion recapitulates and examines whether steady state economy has been proven to be viable, what could support its functioning and whether one of the answers might be cooperatives - considered they have been shown to realize certain assumptions of this economic theory in practice. After a review of criticism of both of the phenomena, a final evaluation and decision may be reached, i.e. the research questions may be answered.
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