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Phylogeography of mountain butterfly ??Bicyclus anisops in West Africa
PETRŮ, Vojtěch
The Gulf of Guinea Highlands is a unique mountane range of volcanic origin, situated on the African mainland in the borther of Nigeria and Cameroon, and the Gulf of Guinea islands of Bioko, S?o Tomé and Príncipe. This area is highly unique as the only large mountains in central and western Africa. The high degree of isolation of these mountains generated high degree of endemism of many groups of organisms; the whole region is thus one of the world biodiversity hotspots (known as the West African Forests). Despite its tremnedous conservation importance, this mountain range is under strong anthropogenic influence, as one of the most densely populated areas in tropical Africa. Despite all these factors, the conservation efforts in West Africa focused mainly on lowland areas of rain forests, whilst only few conservation effort is focused to the mountain habitats. As the other result, the lack of comprehensive biogeographic and phytogeographical studies of mountain flora and fauna is obvious. In this work, I have summarized the results of all crucial studies of the biogeography of the Gulf of Guinea Highlands. I also obtained sequences of three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII, and ND1) of an endemic montane butterfly Bicyclus anisops. Variability in the studied genes was relatively low. Phylogenetic analyses separated haplotypes into 7 well-established groups (1st Mt. Cameroon, 2nd Nkogam I, 3rd Nkogam II, 4th Bakossi-Kupe-Manengouba-Bani, 5th Mbam, 7th Hosséré Enla Fabo 6th all others localities (tj. Bamenda-Banso Mts., Acha Tugi, Mbam, Ngel Nyaki, Gotel Mts.)) but did not significantly resolved relationships among them. Based on the hyplotype diversity of B. anisops as an umbrella species, Mt. Cameroon, Nkogam, Mbam Massif, Mbiame, Hosséré Enla Fabo, Mt. Manengouba, Mt. Kupe and Mt. Oku are considered as localities of the highest conservation importance.
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Marketing Tools of Czech and European Film - Case Study
Knoblochová, Martina ; Oukropec, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Otakar (referee)
Marketing Tools of Czech and European Film - Case Study
As we can guess from the title of the work, it´s main contens is the survey and the
analysis of particular marketing steps, the film passes through. The term ?film
marketing tools? contains a wide range of diverse activities. For better orientation, I
separated these activities into two parts ? film marketing in the business and the
marketing during the cinema distribution. In the first part, I focused on the art of the
presentation of the project (the pitching), the role of the sales agent and on the
importance of film markets and festivals. The second part deals with the marketing
tools, whose main aim is to achieve the interest of the public.
Because every film is a unique product whose sales are influenced by different
elements, it´s impossible to rely on any established formula and the marketing
strategy of each film is very individual. The theoretical part of the work is
accompanied by two case studies of recent czech films ? teenager commedy Rafťáci
(Rafters) and the art house film Štěstí (Something Like Happiness) that illustrate how
different the marketing ways of the film could be.
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Atom Egoyan's Films
Šperkerová, Magdaléna ; Dufek, Jiří (advisor) ; Mravcová, Marie (referee)
This thesis is dealing with a film creation of Canadian director Atom Egoyan. It includes more detailed survey of his filmography divided into several periods. It pays attention namely to his feature films, but also to important short films. Marginally it mentions works for television. Separate subject matter is an Armenian ethnicity. Repeated themes in Atom Egoyan?s creation are an influence of communication technologies on human relationships, alienation, dysfunctional family, identity, etc. The analysis individual films concentrate on narrative method, structure, typical creative marks and style, but mainly on characters. Dramaturgically study is psychological and sociological orientated.
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Proper Names as a Potential Indicator of "Strangeness" in Translation of Non-literary Texts
Bičíková, Romana ; Králová, Jana (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Jana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is proper names in Czech and Spanish language and proper names in translation from Spanish into Czech. The theoretical part of the thesis comprises of an overview of the current state of investigation in the field both in Czech and in Spanish. In Czech linguistics, onomastics is a comparatively developed discipline. In Spanish, it is mostly grammatical manuals that deal with proper names. In both languages, authors tend to agree on the definition and classification of proper names into anthroponyms, toponyms and chrematonyms; however, Spanish authors usually do not separate chrematonyms as a category under such name. Furthermore, nobody has yet defined or classified the functions of proper names in Spanish language (an action which has already been done for the Czech language). Opinions on the translation of proper names differ to a large degree. Authors recognize proper names as polyfunctional units and agree that their translation (or non-translation) is in large measure conditioned by norms and specific historically conditioned conventions; by the function of the text, text type and genre; by the relationship of the working languages and so on. Authors also suggest their own set of strategies which can be used in the transfer of proper names from one language into...
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A privilege-separating HTTP server
Břečka, Jakub ; Mareš, Martin (advisor) ; Pop, Tomáš (referee)
Webservers hosting multiple websites on a single machine have to solve a problem of privilege separation between users. Most implementations have a single system user, which is dedicated to serving all requests. There are many solutions trying to run user scripts or requests in the context of the appropriate user. However, most of them are not suitable because of low performance, or the level of user separation is not sufficient. We focused on Apache HTTP Server, one of the most widespread webservers, with the goal of implementing a solution that would allow the administrator to separate users at the level of the file system.
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Amperometric detection of aminoderivatives of biphenyl and naphthalene at screen printed carbon electrodes
Dědík, Jan ; Schwarzová, Karolina (advisor) ; Nesměrák, Karel (referee)
According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), some specific isomers of amino derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (APAHs) are classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Several APAHs are employed in the manufacturing of widely-used azodyes, therefore, sensitive and selective analytical methods for their determinations are still needed. This study aims at the possibilities of detection of 2-aminobiphenyl (2-AB), 4-aminobiphenyl (4-AB), 1-aminonaphthalene (1-AN) and 2-aminonaphthalene (2-AN) using bare screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE). These were employed as working electrodes in amperometric detection flow cell for repeated use in liquid flow methods - reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and flow injection analysis. Sufficient stability and repeatability was obtained for mobile phases containing the maximum of 70% of acetonitrile. Limits of detection for 4-AB given by FIA in the aqueous solution of 0,01mol.l-1 phosphate buffer pH 3,0; or in the solution of acetonitrile and 0,01mol.l-1 phosphate buffer pH 3,0 (40:60) (V/V) were 1,0 mol·l-1 and 2,0 mol·l-1 , respectively. Using RP-HPLC in gradient mode, the mixture of aminobiphenyls and aminonaphthalenes was successfully separated below 11 minutes. Limits of detection for individual...
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Effect of selected antiparasitic drugs on Trichobilharzia regenti
Lípová, Pavlína ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Chanová, Marta (referee)
Praziquantel is a drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis caused by human species of the genus Schistosoma. The effect of the drug on avian schistosomes is not completely known. Monensin is a drug used for the treatment of coccidiosis, and its effect on avian schistosomes is unknown. In the thesis, we studied the effect of these drugs on avian schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti. Under in vitro conditions, both drugs were effective after 6 hours of incubation. Praziquantel causes an extensive vacuolization of the whole body, while monensis treatment causes vacuolization of the anterior part of body. Higher concentration of praziquantel causes depolymerization of myofilaments and separation of surface membranes. Monensin did not impair muscles, but caused separation of tegumental layer from the basal membrane. Schistosomula in ducks were not killed by the drugs under in vivo conditions, but the worms were damaged by the drugs. Praziquantel caused vacuolization of the tegument and separation of membranes from the surface. Only vacuolization of the tegument occurred in schistosomula from ducks treated with monensin . No damage to the muscles was observed in the case of both drugs. Histological evaluation of the nerve tissue showed that thero no difference between treated and control duck....
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HPLC method development for determination of vitamin E acetate in Geladrink preparations
Kovářová, Lenka ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Marie (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Lenka Kovářová Consultant: Doc. RNDr. Dalibor Šatínský, PhD. Title of thesis: Development of HPLC method for determination of vitamin E acetate in preparations Geladrink A HPLC method was developed for the determination of content of vitamin E-acetate in preparation Geladrink Forte. The method is based on using Chromolith Performance RP- 18e column (100 x 4.6 mm) and UV detection at 290 nm. The vitamin E-acetate was separated in the presence of internal standard cholecalciferol from ballast matrix. There was used isocratic elution of the mobile phase methanol - water (98:2) at a flow-rate of 2.0 ml/min and at temperature 30 řC during the measurement. The system enabled successful separation in time less than 4 min. The retention time of cholecalciferol was 2.26 min and the retention time of vitamin E-acetate was 3.22 min. Chromatographic resolution between cholecalciferol and vitamin E-acetate was 5.248. Method was applied to analysis of vitamin E-acetate in preparation Pro-Visio, too. The found concentrations of vitamin E-acetate were re-counted on content of vitamin E declared by that the producer. Keywords: vitamin E-acetate, HPLC, Geladrink, Pro-Visio.
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The electrochemical detection of amino derivatives of naphthalene and biphenyl using platinum electrodes
Zavázalová, Jaroslava ; Schwarzová, Karolina (advisor) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is focused on the electrochemical detection of genotoxic organic compounds, concretely 2-aminobiphenyl, 4-aminobiphenyl, 1-aminonaphthalene, and 2-aminonaphthalene using stationary platinum disk electrode. Stationary platinum disc electrode provides for batch voltammetric methods unconvincing results due to presumed passivation of the electrode surface. Microcylindric platinum electrode was used as working electrode for amperometric detector in HPLC. The method for the determination of tested analytes was optimized and limits of quantitation were determined: 1,4·10-6 mol dm-3 for 2-aminobiphenyl, 8,5·10-7 mol dm-3 for 4-aminobiphenyl, 3,8·10-7 mol dm-3 for 1-aminonaphthalene and 4,8·10-7 mol dm-3 for 2-aminonaphthalene. In comparison with the platinum tubular detector is the microcylindrical detector less sensitive. Further, a method for the determination of the studied compounds in urine was proposed using a preliminary separation and preconcentration of the studied analytes using solid phase extraction. The method was used for the analysis of real urine sample of a heavy smoker.
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From the ethnographical exhibition to the open-air museum (the establishment of the open-air museum from the view of the culturology)
Strnadová, Ivana ; Matějů, Martin (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma work deals with a history of the establishment of the open-air museums from the view of the culturology. The introduction of the work pays attention to a folk art, especially to its definition, basic separation and its relation to a stylistic art. A big attention is paid to a scientific research of the folk art which has led to the establishment of a new socioscientific field - the ethnography. The work mentions especially the first attempts to a systematization of this field, lead representatives and their ideas and the particular influence of the ethnography to the establishment of the first open-air museum. Further attention is aimed to two national exhibitions which influenced the establishment of the open-air museums in the future - the Anniversary exhibition in 1891 and the Ethnographical exhibition in 1895. Another part of the work is about the establishment of the first open-air museum in the world - Skansen in Stockholm. Next very extensive part is dedicated to the establishment of the first Czech open - air museum in Rožnov pod Radhoštěm and then to the a chronological summary of other open-air museums to the present time. At the end of the work is summed up the meaning of the open-air museums for our culture and our familiarization with the cultural heritage of our country. The aim...
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