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Secondary metabolite production in actinomycetes causing and suppressing common scab of potatoes
Komžák, Ondřej ; Bosáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Slaninová Kyselková, Martina (referee)
This diploma thesis focused on screening for bacterial pathogens and antagonists suppressing common scab mainly caused by Streptomyces scabiei. Common scab affects some agricultural crops causing significant economical losses. Bacterial strains, mostly streptomycetes, were isolated from potato rhizosphere because they belong to most important producents of secondary metabolites and the causative agents of the disease are also members of this genus. The isolated bacteria were characterised by PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene to reveal their phylogenetic relationships. The ability of isolated strains to suppress growth of Streptomyces scabiei was tested by a simple co-cultivation experiment. The strains were tested by PCR for presence of specific genes for biosynthesis of thaxtomin A, a common virulence factor found in all described pathogens causing symptoms of this disease on the surface of affected tubers. Genes for synthesis of thaxtomin belong to pathogenicity island. Standard of phytotoxin thaxtomin A was used to optimize its analysis by mass spectroscopy for further in vivo and in vitro experiments. Phylogenetic analysis of strains harboring one of the genes necessary for thaxtomin A biosynthesis supported the hypothesis of sharing the pathogenicity island by horizontal gene...
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Spermatogenesis, Classification and Evaluation of Sperm Morphology for Assisted Reproduction.
Kaňoková, Kristýna ; Komrsková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Pěknicová, Jana (referee)
Spermatogenesis, Classification and Evaluation of Sperm Morphology for Assisted Reproduction Abstract Sperm quality has an important role in determining male fertility. There is an increasing amount of couples searching for assisted reproduction due to the increasing decline in quality of sperm. Morphology of sperm is one of the factors influencing male fertility and defects in sperm morphology are the main subject of many studies. Mammalian sperm are formed during spermatogenesis and defects in spermatogenesis may cause severe defects in sperm morphology. Defects of a sperm head, as well as a mid- piece and principal piece of sperm tail sperm can have a serious impact on fertilizing ability of sperm and it is, therefore, necessary in some cases to use methods of assisted reproduction due to morphological abnormalities. The main objects of this thesis were to describe spermatogenesis, normal and pathogenic sperm morphology and evaluate the use and outcome of assisted reproduction methods based on sperm morphology and apply the evaluation in selecting the best method of assisted reproduction. To some extent, sperm morphology influences the outcome of assisted reproduction and it is a significant factor in predicting fertilization, pregnancy and embryo cleavage/development rate. In some cases of severe...
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Investigation of Dynamics of Macrocyclic Inclusion Complexes by NMR Spectroscopy
Vágnerová, Kateřina
Calix[n]arenes and their derivatives are often used in supramolecular chemistry for their pronounced ability to form complexes. Thiacalix[4]arene is derived from the classical calix[4]arene by replacement of the methylene bridges between the phenol rings by sulfur atoms, which results in a slightly larger cavity and altered conformational behavior. Thiacalix[4]arene exists in a cone conformation, which is stabilized by an array of four hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups on the lower rim of the molecule. Its dynamic behavior in a non-polar solvent was studied by NMR spectroscopy methods based on the temperature dependence of 13C spin relaxation. The rate constants of flip-flop motion of the hydrogen bond array were determined by measurements of dependence of spectral intensities on echo-time in the CPMG NMR pulse sequence. The activation enthalpy and entropy of this reaction were determined. Next, the correlation times of molecular tumbling were determined and found to follow the Arrhenius temperature dependence. The measurements were compared to those of the "classical" calix[4]arene.
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Computation of relative function of kydney at dynamic scintigraphy - influence of time period applied for computation.
HRTÁŇOVÁ, Jana
The topic of my bachelor thesis is a computation of relative renal function at dynamic scintigraphy and an influence of the time period applied for computation. The main aim of the thesis is to establish if the usage of two different time periods for computation of relative function of kidneys at dynamic scintigraphy of kidneys has any influence on computed function. Precisely, whether the choice of time period affects the result of processing the study is acquired by dynamic scintigraphy of kidneys. Expressed hypothesis assumes that time periods between 60s and 180s which were chosen for the calculation have not the influence on calculated relative function. Dynamic scintigraphy of kidneys enabling to display function of kidney´s ability to clean blood from the observed substance and consider possible defect of kidney excretion, it is the important method of examination mainly by children patients which are the vast majority of examined patients. For the hypothesis confirmation, there was created a reference file. This file consists of children patients who were examined by dynamic scintigraphy of kidneys in the Department of Nuclear Medicine Hospital in Czech Budejovice. With a help of program of dynamic scintigraphy the relative function of kidney was computed and defined by the percentage portion of each kidney on the whole renal function. The different time periods were used for the function curve for the computation. The function curve is designed like a graph from the marked region of interest and it is the result of computer processing data which were obtained from the scintigraphic study. From obtained values, the tested criteria are subsequently determined by statistical calculations they are confirmed and given as a zero hypothesis.
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Morphological characterization of monolithic columns
Širc, Jakub ; Bosáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Feltl, Ladislav (referee) ; Vacík, Jiří (referee)
I ntroduction Iligh-perfbnnance liquid chromatography (lIPLC) is currently one of the ntost common anal1'tica| soparation 1cclrtlic1ttcs' Duc to its ability to separate a widc range oÍ'a structurally rlil.Íěrent lorr- and high ntolecular oompourtds o1'polar as rvcll as non-polar nature, tIPLC found application in analylical laboratories in thc field ofrnedicine. plrarrrracy. biology. industry and the environmelt. Although the oonverttional packed colunrns are used in most of ths chronratographic applications, stationary phases in the Íbrnr of.particles have their limitations and disadvňtages. Quality o| the packed colutltns is irrÍluerrced by a rrunrber ol. paranreters' |or exanrple relatiňly conrplicated process ol.lilling I l |' Variances in the particle size and inegularities in their shape have á n!'galive inrpact on thc chrotratoBraphic process. Conrmon problems of the packed oolunrns are an inhomogeucous distribution ol the particles ol'various sizes and their settling in the column u,ith consequent greation of dcad voIuntes' FIighly uniÍbm spherical partic|es prcpared by suspension polynrerization can partlY solve stlnte Iintitations. hor,vever. disadvantagcs arising Íionr the prin|iple of tlrc packcd coluurns still rcntain. Prornising altcmative to thc paoked colunrns are monoliths. made of a block...
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Marketing mix analysis of Moto Morava company
Čekan, Viktor ; Kališová, Libuše (advisor) ; Stříteský, Václav (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with marketing mix of Moto Morava Company that is dealer of Opel cars. Theoretical part describes and analyzes individual instruments of marketing mix. Practical part is focused on product analysis, models of Opel cars their sale ability and often demanded modifications, then ways of price forming, distribution and services jointed to it and the ways of communication that Moto Morava uses. Deficiencies are also mentioned in this part. Practical part is ended with summary and recommendations for changes.
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Magnetic modification of microbial cells
BALDÍKOVÁ, Eva
Baker´s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were magnetically modified by three different methods, namely, surface modification by magnetic fluid, entrapment of cells into alginate and covalent immobilization on particles of magnetic chitosan. The ability of H2O2 decomposition was tested for all types of modification. It is apparent that the most amount of hydrogen peroxid was degraded by magnetic fluid - modified cells (84-95%), while the efficiency of cell which were modified by other methods was much lower (40-60%). Thanks to immobilization on particles of magnetic chitosan, we made completely new type of magnetic material, which was tested for adsorption of Crystal violet and Safranin O. It was founded that magnetic chitosan adsorbs no dyes, so all adsorption belongs to immobilized yeast. The maximum adsorption capacities were determined using Langmuire isotherm at 69,4 mg/g for Crystal violet and 99,0 mg/g for Safranin O.
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Use of hemp and its products in cosmetics and pharmacy
Žáčková, Kristýna ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Hemp is a versatile usable plant which can be found in almost all branches of industry, but also in medicine. The subject of this thesis is the determination of selected active compounds of technical hemp and its products and their possible applications in cosmetics and pharmacy. In the theoretical part is worked out the summary of active compounds including their effects in cosmetics and within medical use. In the experimental part were determined certain metabolites of hemp products, while as samples were used hemp flower, leaf, seed, flour, protein and two different hemp oils. There were also prepared creams with the addition of hemp oil in which the effects on the skin were assessed. In the analyzed samples was according to the character of the material determined the content of antioxidants, saccharides, proteins, lipids including the profile of fatty acids, vitamins and chlorophylls. It was proved that hemp flower is a better antioxidant than the leaf and contains higher amounts of all of the determined active compounds with this effect. Flour and protein which are made from the seeds have different percentages of individual studied compounds, because there is a different process for their production. The highest amount of saccharides is in the flour, hemp protein preparative consists of a 50 % of protein and in the seed was the highest lipid content. In the prepared hemp creams the moisturizing effects and the ability to prevent transepidermal water loss were observed.
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Argo, fetch! The history of dog training (cynology) in Liberec region after 1945
Cejpová, Irena ; Hlaváček, Jiří (advisor) ; Mücke, Pavel (referee)
The main topic of the thesis is a description of the transformation of the Sport Cynology during the second half of the 20th century in the Liberec region. The sport is based on cooperation between people and dogs. This hobby belongs to the most popular freetime activities in the Czech Republic, even though there is not enough information in Czechoslovak historiography. The aim of the thesis consists in a characterization of development of the Sport Cynology in the era of State Socialism in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 20th century. I focus on a historical progress of the sport and its significant events, which were crucial for the next development of the sport activity. In the context of the Sport Cynology, "The Association for Cooperation with the Army" is mentioned because Czechoslovak cynology had to become a part of the association in 1953. In the first section of the paper, focused on history of the cynology, I use archival materials, contemporary magazines and information got from interviews with narrators. I apply qualitative research and its specific methods such as analysis of documents and thematically oriented biographical narratives. Key words: Sport Cynology, State Socialism, Liberec region, The Association for Cooperation with the Army, Contemporary History, Oral History.
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The presence of pollutants in matrices of bioindicators
Vlček, Ladislav ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This master‘s thesis concerns with occurrence of heavy metals in the environment, mainly in the matrices of bioindicators. Special attention is given to occurrence of mercury in the environment and its quantification in bioindicators. Mercury and its compounds are today considered as one of the most significant contaminants in the environment. Some sorts of mushrooms cumulate sizable amounts of mercury in their fruiting body and therefore we can use them to consider loading of different areas. Eight areas in Vizovice and its surroundings were chosen for these purposes and during the years 2006 – 2008 harvested 50 samples from 19 sorts of mushrooms from there. The concentrations of Hg were determined in all samples by single-purpose absorption spectrometer AMA 254. Comparison of the mercury content between individual sorts of mushrooms in the same area as well as comparison of loading of areas was performed and also bioaccumulation ability of individual sorts of mushrooms was determined.
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