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The anthopometric relation to bench press performance and sticking region
Široký, Michal ; Šťastný, Petr (advisor) ; Petr, Miroslav (referee)
Title: The anthopometric relation to bench press performance and sticking region Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to determine the influence of anthropometric parameters on the performance in bench press and its critical phase of motion. Another objective of this work is to determine the differences of influence anthropometry between 1 RM, 4 RM, 8 RM and 12 RM as well as anthropometric impact on the area occurring before the critical phase of motion and on the area after the critical phase of motion. Methods: This is a quantitative research based on the comparison of measured anthropometric parameters with performance and kinematics by bench press analysis. For experimental methods it was used laboratory conditions and it was used methods of analysis to evaluate the acquired data. Results: The results of the work show that anthropometric parameters affect the performance especially at 1 RM and 12 RM. Overall, the forearm has the greatest impact, reaching a strong negative correlation r = -0.69. Lower arm abduction at 12 RM has a large correlation coefficient r = 0.68, and the chest ratio with upper limb length has a mean positive correlation r = 0.55 for 1 RM and 12 RM. The influence of anthropometry on the critical phase of motion has not been confirmed. Only the correlation between...
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Selected characteristics of the mobility for children 3-10 years of age
IRA, Aneta
The aim of the thesis is the evaluation of spinal mobility, flat feet survey and basic anthropological features of girls and boys at the age of 3, 5, 7 and 10. Based on collected data, the thesis tries to make relevant conclusions and give recommendations, which can be subsequently used by nursery and primary school teachers, pediatrists, physiotherapists, as well as parents dealing with their children of the age mentioned above. The survey results of big interest are cervical spine mobility decrease observed in older childern (10 years old) and tested by Čepoj's symptom functional test, with age deteriorating average mobility range observed in boys and tested by a modified Thomayer's symptom, affirmation of one of secular acceleration theories, and lower spinal mobility range observed in girls of pre-school age compared to boys of the same age.
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Self-esteem and body image in relation to somatotypes
Kernerová, Anna ; Pivoňková, Věra (advisor) ; Hroníková, Linda (referee)
This thesis focuses on the relationship between body image and somatotypes in the young Czech student population. Previous studies have shown a relationship between body image and BMI, notwithstanding, somatotypes describe body morphology in a more detailed way. Somatotypes describe the amount of body fat (endomorphy), the amount of muscle mass and the robustness of bones (mesomorphy), and the length of arms and legs relative to the rest of the body (ectomorphy). Seventy-one women and seventy men participated in our study. They completed a battery of questionnaires (The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire; The Body Figure Scale of Dosedlová et al., 2008; Rosengerg's self-esteem scale; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - T; and Beck's Depression Inventory - II). Then they underwent an anthropometric measure of somatotype components (endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy) according to Carter and Heath's anthropometric method and were assigned to a certain somatotype. In our sample, there were 5 somatotypes in men (endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorphic mesomorph, mesomorph-ectomorph and ectomorph) and 6 somatotypes in women (endomorph, endomorph- mesomoroph, mesomorph, mesomorph-ectomorph, ectomorph and the central type). The questionnaires' scores were then statistically compared between...
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Effect of climbing activity on somatic and fitness characteristics in youth
Přikrylová, Tereza ; Panáčková, Michaela (advisor) ; Vomáčko, Ladislav (referee)
Title: Effect of climbing activity on somatic and fitness characteristics in youth. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to assess the effect of climbing activity on fitness (upper body strength) and somatic (body composition) changes in youth in real conditions. Methods: We had 91 children participating in this study, who were attending climbing course in the climbing center Praha Ruzyně. Their age was 10,4 ± 3,0 years in average and their climbing ability was on UIAA scale from 4 th to 7 th degree. We detected information about age, climbing experience, and actual climbing performance. Furthermore, we measured height, weight and body composition and we used the tests for measuring upper body strength: hand grip, bent-arm hang and finger hang. Results: Dependence between strength tests (average of three measurements) and climbing level of RP (UIAA) was not statistically confirmed. There was not found the influence of climbed meters to changes in each tests of strength. There was no change in the grip strength test in average, during the exercise intervention. In the bent-arm hang test and the finger hang test, there were significant changes that were not depending on climbing experience of children. Conclusions: In this study was not confirmed any of the above hypotheses. However, it was found...
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The effect of functional training on parameters of body composition
Stránská, Eva ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: The effect of functional training on parameters of body composition Objective: The main objective of the study was to analyze changes in selected parameters of body composition, which occurred due to a four-month exercise program. Method: The work has the character of an empirical research, where the main method is observation. The observed group were consisted of women (n = 15), who were attending to fitness center Partyfit in Prague. We were measured the basic anthropometric parameters (body height, body weight, BMI). To obtain the input and output data to evaluation the parameters of body composition was used bioelectrical impedance BIA (Bodystat Quadscan 4000). For determination of input and output parameters was used paired t-test (statistical significance p <0.05). To assess the substantive significance we applied (Cohen - d). Results: The results of our study show that during the specific four-month exercise program occured changes in all parameters of body composition. The most significant differences were detected in the parameter total body water 2.2%, resp. (0.9 l), total body fat 2.2%, resp. (1.3 kg) and fat free mass to 2.2%, resp. (1 kg). For other parameters the differences were slightly less significant. Key words: Active lifestyle, anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance,...
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The influence of postural ontogenesis on morphological development of trunk
Hladíková, Veronika ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This bachelor thesis engages in an influence of postural ontogenesis on formation of anatomical structures of trunk. Postural ontogenesis depends on maturation of the central nervous system, which stimulates automatic, accurately timed recruitment of muscles to posture. At the same time with postural muscle activation, morphogenesis of the skeleton is finishing. As a consequence of abnormal motor development, there are deviations in bone shape and in setting of joints. The thesis is focused on the description of a morphological development of spinal curves, thorax and abdominal wall. The development of cervical lordosis and the shape of the upper part of thorax is linked to the development of motor functions of upper limbs. The significant milestone is an ability to lift and hold head above the surface in prone position. The development of lumbar lordosis and the shape of the lower part of thorax is determined by motor functions of lower limbs, which are firstly manifested by lifting lower limbs in supine position. The development of sitting, stance and gait plays a crucial role. The development of abdominal wall is assessed by presence, or rather absence of diastasis recti abdominis, which is related to the quality of muscle coordination in this area. Practical part of the thesis devotes to...
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Comparison of selected physical parameters artistic gymnasts and classic bodybuilders in the off-season period
Pae, Alain ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Krištofič, Jaroslav (referee)
ABSRACT Title: Comparison of selected physical parameters artistic gymnasts and classic bodybuilders in the off-season period Objectives: The goal of the thesis was to determine and compare basic anthropometric parameters and selected physical parameters of artistic gymnasts and classic bodybuilders in the off-season period. Methods: The work had the character of empirical research whereby the key approach was observation. Investigated group (n = 12) were divided evenly into two subgroups based on sports specialization. At the first stage, values for basic anthropometric parameters were obtained. Then, with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, values for selected parameters of body composition were measured. Two-sided Mann Whitney's U test was used to compare statistical significance of differences. Results: Statistically important differences of the measured values have been recorded in the following parameters: body weight (p value = 0,002), body fat (%, kg) (p value = 0,002/0,002), fat free mass (%) (p value = 0,002), skeletal muscle mass (%, kg) (p value = 0,004/0,002), BMI (p value = 0,002), SMI (p value = 0,002) and total body water (%) (p value = 0,004). The only parameter that has not reached statistical significance (p>0,01) is the absolute amount of fat free mass (p value = 0,132). A...
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Effect of physical activity Nordic Walking on body composition and cardiorespiratory parameters in individuals after kidney transplantation and dialysis individual.
Rousová, Martina ; Mahrová, Andrea (advisor) ; Horčic, Josef (referee)
Title: Effect of physical activity Nordic Walking on body composition and cardiorespiratory parameters in individuals after kidney transplantation and dialysis individual. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of physical activity Nordic Walking on body composition and cardiorespiratory parameters in individuals after kidney transplantation and dialysis individual. Method: This thesis has been prepared in the form of a qualitative case study. The study involved 9 probands at the beginning, but only 5 probands completed the study. It was done the input examination before the intervention. The intervention was made from 20 lessons of Nordic Walking which should take 60 minutes each of them. Then were probands tested again like the output examination. During these both examination were measured specific values of body composition, anthropometric values (height, weight, age, circuit level), as well as the distribution of muscle and fat mass in the body, the value of physical fitness, respectively. cardiorespiratory parameters of the individual, for which was used the spiroergometric test within a modified Balke's walking test. For to detect the quality of life was used before and after intervention standardized questionnaire assessing quality of life WHOQOL-BREF. Last but not...
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Evolution of anthropometric indices in pre-school children
Borešová, Martina ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
The diploma thesis is mainly focused on monitoring Rohrer's index (RI) at preschool children in age of 3, 4, 5, and 6. The work is solving the question of mutual relation between Rohrer's index, sickness rate, and spontaneous activity of preschool children. Furthermore, Body Mass Index (BMI) is listed as another anthropometric index. In fact, BMI shouldn't be used for this age group but it's mentioned for its general knowledge. The anthropometric research includes the measurement of preschool's children body height and weight. 240 children were measured in total. Each age group contains 60 kids from which are always 30 boys and 30 girls. In addition, there is evaluated children's half year of preschool attendance, sickness, and spontaneous physical activity. The research is dealing with the question if body weight or height can influence children's sickness rate. Moreover, there is solved the association between kids' anthropometric indexes and physical activity. The data were processed through Student's t- test and the independence test 2 . As it is stated by professionals, the research has proven that Rohrer's index is decreasing in relation to age. The next result shows that children with lower anthropometric indexes are usually more spontaneously active. Kids with higher indexes are more...
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Body profile of students of the Military branch at Faculty of Physical Education and Sport - Charles University in Prague
Vrba, Matěj ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Body profile of students of the Military branch at Faculty of Physical Education - Charles University (UK FTVS) in Prague Objective: Characterizing the body profile (body composition and somatotype) of the Military branch students at Faculty of Physical Education - Charles University (UK FTVS) in Prague. Method: The work has the character of an empirical research, having observation as its main method. The observed group was consisted of the Military branch students (22) attending the full-time form of study at UK FTVS in Prague. To characterize the group they were used methods of descriptive statistics - position rate (arithmetic mean) and rate of variability (standard deviation). The somatotype was determined according to Heath and Carters (1967) program Somatotype 1.2.5. Body composition was evaluated using the devices Tanita MC - 980 software, using prediction equations for a sporting population (Athletic mode). Results: The average somatotype of the military branch students at UK FTVS in Prague was ectomorfic - mesomorph, characterized by the group of three digits 1,7 - 7,3 - 2,5. In terms of the measured somatotype, the Military branch students have very good preconditions for general physical fitness. Average BMI was 23,76 ± 1,45 kg/m2 . In terms of body composition, the average body...
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