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The expression and function of nucleophosmin (B23) during bovine preimplantation development
Benešová, Veronika ; Kaňka, Jiří (advisor) ; Krylov, Vladimír (referee)
Identification of genes that start their expression in different time of embryonal development is crucial for proper understanding of early mammalian embryogenesis. Genes that are differently expressed during this period are supposed to be important for normal preimplantation development. One of these genes is nucleophosmin, the multifunctional protein, which functions among others as a transporting protein between cytoplasm and nucleoli. It is involved in duplication of centrosomes, formation of ribosomes and functions as a chaperoning protein. Nucleophosmin shuttles rapidly between the nucleolus and cytoplasm. Its localization is cell cycle dependent and reflects the development of the nucleoli. For studying the effect of nucleophosmin on the bovine preimplantation development we used RNA interference that causes degradation of the target mRNA after injection of nucleophosmin double-stranded RNA. The average decrease of nucleophosmin mRNA abundance is 86.3 % between nucleophosmin dsRNA injected embryos and control group. We detected no differences in protein expression and localization of nucleophosmin between the groups by immunofluorescence method. Embryos in all groups were able to develop until the blastocyst stage, although there were significant difference between uninjected control group and...
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Expression of different forms of actine in some non-muscular and muscular tissues and tumors
Dundr, Pavel ; Povýšil, Ctibor (advisor) ; Marek, Josef (referee) ; Mačák, Jiří (referee)
Actins are ubiquitous eucaryotic proteins. Actin filaments are involved in diverse functions which include cell contraction, motility, adhesion, division, cell shape maintenance and muscle contraction. Four actin isoforms are tissue specific (α-smooth muscle actin, α-cardiac actin, α-skeletal actin and γ-smooth muscle actin). Two other actin isoforms (cytoplasmic β- and γ-actins) are ubiquitous. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression is typically found in vascular and enteric muscle tissue, in myoepithelial cells, myofibroblasts and pericytes. However, expression of this actin isoform could be detected in a variety of other cells and tumors with a preexisting different phenotype. Our study focused on the expression of actin isoforms in some muscular and non-muscular tissues and tumors. The goals of our study were: 1 Analysis of actin isoforms expression in normal, osteoarthrotic, posttraumatic and transplanted cartilage. 2 Analysis of actin isoform expression in some non-muscle tumors. 3 Analysis of actin isoform expression in uterine leiomyomas after therapy and in leiomyomas with inclusion bodies of the gastrointestinal tract and uterus and the detailed analysis of inclusion bodies. A total of 82 samples of cartilage, 591 samples of neuroectodermal tumors, 87 cases of breast carcinoma, and 29 cases...
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Psychotherapeutic care for adolescents failing in difficult situations.
Bauer, Jiří ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Dobrovská, Dana (referee)
The central motive of this dissertation thesis was to find an effective method of helping young people approaching adulthood manage difficult situations - which they were unable to deal with - through psychotherapeutic care. Their failure was most often demonstrated by their unsatisfactory results in school performance or duties given at training workplaces. Although the causes were different, the outcome was the same for all of them: a proposal to suspend them from their secondary school or their training college. In theoretical solutions as well as in research and its applications it seemed useful to refer to many influences and their combinations that enter the life of each individual. Therefore it is very difficult, even impossible to exactly identify the causes of a beginning of a crisis of a maturing adolescent. All involved examined persons were nevertheless faced with a mirror of their own testimonies through the results of psycho-diagnostical tests, artefacts and discussions with their parents, teachers, vocational trainers and especially with themselves. And together with them, we were searching for a way out from their crisis. The theoretical solutions explain the key concepts and their relations directly to psychological research and its application into the therapeutic care. They describe a...
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Support of sports in the region around Havlíčkův Brod
Havel, Rostislav ; Hendl, Jan (referee) ; Slepičková, Irena (advisor)
Title: Support of sports in the region around Havlíčkův Brod Objective:The aim of the thesis is to analyze municipalities' approaches to providing support for sports in the region around Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic. Methods: A questionnaire survey and interviews were especially employed to obtain data. We have also applied primary and secondary data analysis in our thesis. Results: Organization and staffing are the most lacking areas as regards support of sports within municipalities. In addition, we have discovered that large towns are involved in sports more than small towns. Key words: municipality, sports, funding, sports facility, support of sports
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Melancholy in the poetry of Antonín Sova
Urbanová, Martina ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Vaněk, Václav (referee)
The main theme of this thesis is a literary motive of melancholy in the poetry of a Czech poet Antonín Sova. The end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century we can consider as a specifically melancholic and it is possible to see it especially in pieces of writing of many authors. The rare situation happened in the Czech lands. The Czechs were ready to deal with new issues, but their expectation did not come true. The frustration of all the situation is noticeable mainly in works of Czech decadents, but we can also see it in the poetry of Antonín Sova. It is obvious in his Vybouřené smutky and then in Ještě jednou se vrátíme... which follows and we chose it as a basic text for our interpretation of melancholic motive in Sova's poetry. It was published in time of culminating expectations of some changes in the field of social situation, which was becoming unbearable. It is impossible to omit melancholic feeling in Ještě jednou se vrátíme..., but it is somehow modified, especially in his lyric poetry, which does not sound unambiguously tragical, but on the contrary it offers particular hopes. For the purpose of getting to know the motive of melancholy we researched a concept of melancholy during its history. It enabled us to point out some typical features of melancholy like e. g. involvement in the...
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Experimental use of selected cholesterol-lowering drugs as potential candidates in modification of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease
Cibičková, Ľubica ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Hlúbik, Pavol (referee) ; Jabor, Antonín (referee)
Rationale: The current standard treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is represented by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. In the pathogenesis of AD, cholesterol is directly involved. Its blood and brain levels positively correlate with amyloid β (Aβ) - a peptide characteristic for AD and capable of increasing AChE activity. Based on these data, we may suppose that cholesterol-lowering medication such as statins and alendronate might confer protection against dementia, probably via modulation of cholesterol synthesis in the brain. The aim of the present studies was to investigate possible influence of two lipophilic statins (simvastatin and atorvastatin) and alendronate on cholesterol synthesis in selected parts of the rat central nervous system (CNS) and other parameters relevant to Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology. Methods: We have performed 3 similar experiments on awaked rats that were administered simvastatin, atorvastatin, alendronate or aqua. At the conclusion of experiments, blood and brain parts were isolated and analyzed for cholesterol, lathosterol, hydroxymethylglutaryl- coenzyme A reductase protein, acetylcholinesterase activity, amyloid beta (40 and 42) and cholesterol synthesis rate. Results: All drugs at higher doses were able to lower cholesterol in the plasma, but none...
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Support of Requirements Specifications Methods
Kubr, Jan ; Král, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Žemlička, Michal (referee)
There is a significant change in how we collect software requirements nowadays. The two main reasons are the emergence of service oriented architecture and the rising importance of the user involvement. This thesis briefly summarizes the past work in the requirements engineering field and gives an overview of today's requirements management software tools. It then focuses on Service oriented architecture and how its spreading can change requirements specification and management processes. Considering the survey which was conducted for this work among (not only) software companies and a case study based on author's experience, the thesis gives a recommendation on how we should collect requirements in the current situation and near future. To give a proof of concept, the recommendations were implemented in a real world application architecture.
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Effect of sampling and storage on larvoscopic results of coprological materials
Lovecký, David ; Lamka, Jiří (advisor) ; Ducháček, Lubomír (referee)
David Lovecky Tutor: Prof. RNDr. Jiři Lamka, CSc. Institute of Pharmocolgy and Toxikology The aim of this thesis was to examine the influence of obtaining and storage of excrement samples on larval investigation results for the European Mouflon or wild-sheep (Ovis musimon). This experiment is justified due to the large variations of results in previous studies that focused on quantitative larval investigation methods. We proceeded in two ways: a. The first method, based on larval science, involved fresh dropping samples collected from areas frequented by mouflon. Based on laboratory measurements, according to Baermann, we came to the conclusion that freezing it for a period of 56 days at a temperature of -11 degrees Celsius had no effect on larval activity. In fact, the number of larva slightly rose even after an eight-week period of continual refrigeration. These results can be linked to the findings of Erhardova, Rysavy and Cabernet. b. The second method was the sampling of excrement from the disemboweled intestines of animals removed from breeding herds. Unfortunately, during this larval science study, we weren't able to obtain a suitable sample along the entire length of the large intestine and our measurements reflected only physiological functions. In short, the further way the excrement from the...
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Code Assertions Verification Using Backward Symbolic Execution
Husák, Robert ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Parízek, Pavel (referee)
In order to prevent, detect and fix errors in software, various tools for programmers are available, while some of them are able to reason about the behaviour of the program. In the case of C# programming language, the main representatives are Microsoft FxCop, Code Contracts and Pex. Those tools can, indeed, help to build a highly reliable software. However, when a company wants to include them in the software development process, there is a significant overhead involved. Therefore, we created a "light- weight" assertion verification tool called AskTheCode that can help the user to focus on a particular problem at a time that needs to be solved. Because of its goal-driven approach, we decided to implement it using backward symbolic execution. Although it can currently handle only basic C# statements and data types, the evaluation against the existing tools shows that it has the potential to eventually provide significant added value to the user once developed further. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Landscape management - lessons from the landscape development
Petřík, Petr ; Fanta, J.
The landscape of the Czech Republic is unable to sufficiently compensate for extreme weather events such as droughts and floods within the current climate change. Damage is done to human health, property and key resources (water, soil and biodiversity), and costs are rising in agriculture and forestry. Sustainable soil management is in the public interest, and the fundamental question is how to encourage land users to farm the landscape while respecting its fine-grained mosaic and in accordance with the European Landscape Convention. For this purpose, we have set up the so-called Platform for Sustainable Landscape Management, in which research institutes even outside the Academy of Sciences are increasingly involved. The main objectives of the platform are the sharing of information, assistance in developing strategic advice and education on sustainable landscape.
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