|
|
The implementation of lethal AI systems on the battlefield and its implication on warfare
Schoenemeyer, Julian ; Hays II, George (advisor) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (referee)
This paper examines the role of lethal AI weapon systems on the battlefield and its implications for the classical concept of warfare developed by Carl von Clausewitz. Furthermore, it addresses the consequences that a proliferation of these systems can have on the current security orders. To examine both issues, my study uses a qualitative research design that consists out of two cases. My methodological approach uses a content analysis approach that is based on objective and subjective characteristics of each system. Moreover, I differentiate between airborne and ground-based systems. The results that I generated from this case study indicates only a weak effect of lethal autonomous weapon systems on the classical concept of warfare. These autonomous robotic systems rather enhance and modify the existing theory. A similar correlation can be found regarding the second research question that a proliferation of LAWS has also only a limited effect on current global security orders. Their effects are more of regional significance. Therefore, my study concludes that the effects of LAWS on the classical concept of warfare is marginal, likewise to the effects on global security structures. A possible limitation of my study is that it doesn't take offensive fully autonomous weapon systems into account...
|
|
|
Prediction of criminal recidivism using artificial intelligence
Eberle, Matěj ; Drápal, Jakub (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Artificial intelligence is gradually spreading into all sectors of human activity, and law is no exception. However, law and computer technology are very different disciplines. This paper explores a situation where they intersect. Specifically, it focuses on the use of predictive models in the criminal justice sector in forecasting possible recidivism. The thesis first describes the historical development of predictive mechanisms and seeks to use this background to introduce the basic theories applied in prediction. In this section, the thesis also uses the case study of the UK and Wales to demonstrate the limitations of such a models. Furthermore, the thesis offers a basic understanding of how AI models work, which is essential for understanding the legal side of the matter. This part of the thesis concludes by asking whether predictive models are even effective enough to make their deployment meaningful. Is the use of AI the next evolutionary phase in the field of recidivism prediction, or is it a dead end? To answer this, it uses a review of the major studies that have been published on this topic around the world. In the Czech Republic, this topic has been very little researched, so in the next part the paper first analyses the basic elements of the part of the legal system that are relevant...
|
|
|
Civil Applications of Autonomous Systems: Implications for the Military Sector
Fortunati, Lorenza ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (advisor) ; Nikolić, Luka (referee)
This thesis aims to examine the growing development of autonomous systems from a civilian and military perspective. The literature analysis has shown that in the military sector there is much access to an interactional-scientific and literary debate, especially on the growing possibility of autonomous weapons development. On the other hand, however, the civilian sector is increasingly advancing the development of autonomous systems. Many of these are already being applied in civilian society: from self-driving cars to medical equipment. Nonetheless, the study showed that although these sectors are going at different speeds, the risks and challenges related to the topic of autonomous machines are very similar, especially with regard to the concept of responsibility and human-machine nexus. For this reason, this thesis aims to analyze the civilian experience in the field of autonomy to determine whether there might be any transferable lessons from the civilian to the military world for the future development of autonomous weapons. After a thorough analysis of the aircraft crashes involving the Boeing 737 MAX and the accidents caused by the self-driving cars, this thesis concludes that the best way to address the ethical and moral challenges of autonomous weapons is to develop and design such systems...
|
|
|
Autoportrait of the nonhuman
Trnková, Barbora ; Horáková, Jana (referee) ; Klodová, Lenka (referee) ; Ruller, Tomáš (advisor)
The work conducted through artistic-research methods, spanning across several interconnected projects and their explications, examines the proclaimed overcoming of rationalistic dualities personified in the in the cyborg metaphor. It showcases how mediated digital thinking obstructs the perception of the other, posing a risk to feminist visions inspired by this metaphor. In the spirit of glitch feminism, instances of algorithmic biases are proposed, revealing glitches within normative hegemony mediated by the outcomes of learning algorithms, to be positively perceived as opportunities for their identification and removal. Furthermore, it introduces the category of the non-human other, fabricated through dehumanizing and tabooed violence. In comparison to the nature of the pornographic and the erotic, and in the context of the concept of becoming, a path towards acquiring autonomy of the other is hinted. Alongside the creation of alternatives that disrupt dominant hegemony, a shift in focus towards subtractive strategies is suggested, acknowledging the uprising of the non-human within us, while suspending the transcendental subject in the same move. This addresses the issue of preserving the subject, which interprets the other.
|
|
| |
|
|
The use of artificial inteligence in graphic design for marketing purposes
Massalema, Adham ; Oukropec, Jindřich (advisor) ; Moravcová, Hana (referee)
This thesis deals with the incorporation of artificial intelligence into graphic design for marketing purposes. The aim of my thesis is to find, compare and recommend tools that are currently available that use artificial intelligence to create graphic design for marketing proposals. Artificial intelligence itself is constantly evolving and offers its help in many professions. I have divided the thesis into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical one, I deal with the explanation and evolution of the phenomenon, followed by the appearance of artificial intelligence in design, graphic design and marketing. From the acquired knowledge and according to the given criteria I compare the available tools. Following the examination, I evaluate them and recommend how they can be used today, but also where they still lack.
|
|
|
Deepfakes and current events in digital media
Vocásek, Šimon ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Končelík, Jakub (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with the emergence of deepfakes and their influence on contemporary developments within digital media. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the technologies behind the emergence of deepfakes, but also on their pitfalls and impacts on current events in the media space. For these purposes, the work describes various areas from the applications and current use of artificial intelligence, through the influence on the credibility of the media to the regulation of the issue and the moral dilemmas associated with the creation of deepfakes. In the practical part, a qualitative experiment was first conducted, focusing on human abilities to recognize deepfake content compared to its real-life counterpart. The experiment was followed by a qualitative part of the research using a semi- structured interview method focusing on the public's perceptions of deepfakes
|
|
|
Methodological framework for European regulation of (artificial) intelligence and its limits
Vlasta, Martin ; Tomášek, Michal (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
in English language - Methodological framework for European regulation of (artificial) intelligence and its limits This paper first asses three different approaches to the human condition and arrives at the conclusion that it is exceedingly difficult to presicelly qualify the criteria what makes a natural born human, or a legal entity, a Person in legal sense, apart from the fact we have a strong intuition for it, whereas that intuition is lacking for AI systems. The paper proceeds to establish a definition for AI system for the regulator, one that is practical and functional. One of the key aspects that was identified was the ability of decision-making of artificial systems in any form is the driving force behind the need for regulation. Further more the paper briefly analyses series of documents from various stakeholders that propose their own priorities regarding AI regulation. Furthermore priorities and values laid out in Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI by AI HLEG were highlighted as they are most relevant for the future regulation. Key values revolve around human- centric approach to AI regulation. Next, the paper explores a modification of introduced AI topology and covers various issues as well as proposals for solutions. The paper explores the fundamental terminology and definitions in...
|
|
|
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Kazuo Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun
Fenclová, Barbora ; Topolovská, Tereza (advisor) ; Ženíšek, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine the ethical dilemma of artificial intelligence as represented in Kazuo Ishiguro's novel Klara and the Sun (2021). The theoretical part of the thesis delves into the topics of AI and its forms, the ethical questions arising from the existence of AI and the connection of AI and ethics with science fiction in general. The practical part of the thesis assesses Klara and the Sun with regard to the topics described. The argument of the thesis mainly focuses on the line which may be drawn between sentient AI and humanity and the ethical dilemmas raised by this notion.
|
|
|
APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
Pálková, Martina ; Hromada, Martin (referee) ; Řehák,, David (referee) ; Podroužek, Jan (advisor)
This thesis deals with the issue of machine learning in modeling of movement of pedestrians, the possibilities of its use and its limitations. The problem is shown on two real examples from practice. Digitization of industry and related use of advanced computing methods, such as artificial intelligence, has undergone unprecedented progress in the last ten years. Nevertheless, the construction industry lags behind other industries. This topic offers a lot of scope for research, the results of which can be very well applied in practice. Machine learning has the potential to be cheap and efficiently process large data sets with high accuracy, almost in real-time. In order for this to be possible, it is necessary to solve questions such as the appropriate choice for the given problem method, its architecture and parameter optimization. Another important direction of research is pre-processing of data, its format and division into training and test sets. This the topic, despite the great progress in the field of machine learning, is still discussed without uniform conclusions. These are the directions in which this work goes.
|
guest ::
