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Franz Josef Strauss: biography
Kaucký, Lukáš ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Nálevka, Vladimír (advisor)
Franz Josef Strauss was a German politician (CSU) and long-time ministerpresident of the state of Bavaria. Born in Munich as the second child of a butcher, Strauss studied German letters, history and economics at the University of Munich from 1935 to 1939. In World War II, he served in the German Wehrmacht on the Western and Eastern Fronts. While on furlough, he passed the German state exams to become a teacher. After suffering from severe frostbite on the Eastern Front at the end of 1942, he served as an Offizier für wehrgeistige Führung (political officer) at the antiaircraft artillery school in Altenstadt, near Schongau. He held the rank of Oberleutnant at the end of the war. After the war, he was appointed deputy Landrat (county president) of Schongau by the American occupiers and was involved in founding the local party organization of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU). He became a member of the first Bundestag (Federal Parliament) in 1949 and, in 1953, Federal Minister for Special Affairs in the second cabinet of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, in 1955 Federal Minister of Nuclear Energy, and in 1956 defence minister, charged with the build-up of the new Bundeswehr the youngest man to hold this office at the time. He became chairman of the CSU in 1961. Strauss was forced to step down as defence...
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A study of the compaction process and the properties of tablets made of spray dried lactoses
Šináglová, Pavla ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (referee)
The aim of this work was to compare two spray-dried lactoses Flowlac® 100 and SuperTab® 14SD from the standpoint of tensile strength and disintegration time of tablets, the effect of an addition of the lubricant magnesium stearate and silicified microcrystalline celulose (Prosolv® SMCC 90) on these properties, and also from standpoint of the energy profile of compression. The compression forces were 15, 16, 17 kN, in the case of mixtures with Prosolv® SMCC 90. The concentration of magnesium stearate was 0.5% and 1% and the concentration of Prosolv® SMCC 90 was 25%. The tablets were prepared using the material testing equipment T1-FRO50 TH.S1K Zwick/Roell. The tablets from SuperTab® 14SD were stronger than the tablets from FlowLac® 100 at the same compression forces. Influence of magnesium stearate depended on the compression force in the case of SuperTab® 14SD. The presence of magnesium stearate did not decrease the strength of tablets from Flowlac® 100. The addition of Prosolv® SMCC 90 increased the strength of tablets and made it equal for both lactoses. Disintegration time of tablets from both lactoses did not depend on the compression forces. An increased concentration of magnesium stearate prolonged the disintegration time of the tablets, in the case of FlowLac® 100 very significantly. The...
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A study of the compressibility and the properties of tablets from the new co-processed starch dry binder.
Eimerová, Irena ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
This work deals with the study of energetic relations during compression and the properties of tablets made from a starch-based co-processed excipient StarCap 1500® . In the study the excipient is compared with another excipient, Starch 1500® . The study also includes the mixtures of StarCap 1500® and the granulated directly compressible lactose Pharmatose DCL® 15. The tablets were compressed on material testing machine T1-FRO 50 Th.A1K Zwick/Roell, energetic profiles were obtained from force-displacement measurements. The tested properties of tablets were tensile strength and disintegration time, tested in dependence on compression force and the addition of 0,4% magnesium stearate. The results show better compressibility of StarCap 1500® in comparison with Starch 1500® and lower elastic component of energy. The tablets were stronger, they disintegrated faster, but StarCap 1500® showed more sensitivity to the addition of lubricant than Starch 1500® . The tensile strength of tablets, disintegration time and the lubricant sensitivity increased with increasing ratio of StarCap 1500® in the mixtures with Pharmatose DCL® 15. From the energetic view the energy needed to overcome friction decreased, the energy accumulated by the tablet during compression and the elastic component of energy increased.
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Is Waste to Energy an alternative?
Hanigovský, Štefan ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Kotoulová, Zdeňka (referee)
The world waste hierarchy is changing under the pressure of growing population, strict standards of living and environmental standards, as well as new technological experiences. Strengthening of environmental standards in Europe leads to restraining the most used and cheapest waste treatment method - landfilling. The limitation of landfilling will force the countries to search for alternative treatments. This diploma thesis is supposed to give certain conclusion whether the incineration of waste with gaining energy (waste-to-energy) can be the right way how to deal with waste in the future. Current market position of waste-to-energy is being examined in selected European countries, focusing on whole environmental, economic and social aspects of using this technology. Incineration as commercially proven state-of-the-art technology is still having problems entering the new markets even if the technology with its sophisticated approach shows a great environmental service. The results of the examinations show the potential for Czech Republic, as well as other countries where WTE is not utilized yet.
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Canada's Influence on Future U.S. Oil Security
Opatrny, Martin ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (referee) ; Raška, Francis (advisor)
The global supply of oil will closely match the demand for oil over the foreseeable future. The critical role oil plays in national economies, combined with the tight global oil supply, means that oil security is a vital concern for every country, and in particular the United States. The United States currently ranks as the largest oil consumer and oil importer, forcing them to rely on unstable sources of oil. This has resulted in the United States becoming one of the least energy-secure nations in the world. This thesis will evaluate Canadas capacity to improve American oil security to the year 2030. Canadian oil production will increase substantially in the next 20 years with most of the growth in output coming from the "oil sands". The majority of this future oil production will be exported to the United States and by 2030 Canadian oil imports will account for a large proportion of American total petroleum imports. NAFTA provisions have de-politicized the North American energy trade; this guarantees American access to Canadian oil supplies and ensures that Canada can sell to the American market. This liberal framework, therefore, increases American oil security despite a complete dependence on Canadian oil exports.
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The Conversion Efficiency of Different Kinds of Energy into Electrical Energy and the Possibility of its Accumulation
Ostruška, Jan ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the issues of the conversion efficiency of different kinds of energy into electric energy. Firstly, the thesis presents a brief introduction into types of energy sources and their capacity. Then, conversion efficiency of particular direct and indirect conversion is scrutinized, pointing to factors which affect conversion efficiency. The next chapter deals with the possibilities of accumulating electric energy. These are analysed as far as conversion efficiency is concerned as well and the end of the chapter concludes with comparison of these particular possibilities. Booth parts of the process – power generation and its accumulation – are connected in comprehensive scheme of energy conversions. The thesis develops on this scheme by mathematic description of its components and by designing a simulation programme, which would show the flow of energy in the scheme.
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Sustainability Analysis of Small and Medium Enterprises
Vojtěšek, Cyril ; Basl, Josef (advisor) ; Gála, Libor (referee)
The Diploma thesis analyzes the attitude of small and medium Czech enterprises towards the Green IT and sustainability concept. Several practices such as consolidation and virtualization of servers, desktop virtualization, cloud computing, energy management, dematerialization and recycling are discussed with regards to their contribution to global sustainability. The common denominator of most of the Green IT practices is the energy consumption reduction. The increasing information technology's demand for energy is viewed as a major contributor to the global carbon footprint and Green IT practices are assessed in terms of how much energy can be saved by incorporating them in a company policy. Besides energy consumption material aspects are another significant part of Green IT. Both the toxicity of certain materials used in the manufacturing process and the increased need for proper recycling of electronic waste are discussed in respective chapters. Information technology does not only add to the global carbon footprint, but it can also provide means to reduce the emissions of other sectors. Companies can reduce their energy consumption by improving logistics (smart logistics) or buildings (smart buildings) efficiency. Teleworking is another practice which enables millions of people work outside their office and contributes to global sustainability. The analytical part presents a survey of Czech small and medium enterprises and their attitude to Green IT. The main objective of the survey is to find out how many companies have implemented Green IT into their company policy. Company representatives report on which Green IT practices they have adopted and why. Responses are analyzed and findings and conclusions are presented.
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Cleaner production
Stegarescu, Rodica ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Tonika, Jaroslav (referee)
Preventing negative impacts on the environment is better than fixing it afterwards. From this argument the field of cleaner production has developed, which is the continuous application of an integral strategy to processes, products and services to increase the overall efficiency and reduce the risks to humans and the environment. For production processes cleaner production defines more efficient use of raw materials and energy, elimination of toxic, hazardous materials and preventing waste and emissions at source. For products (goods and services) cleaner production strategy focuses on reducing their environmental impact, and across their entire lifecycle, from development to their use. This strategy was firstly implemented in the United States, in the 3M company from Minnesota and after obtaining positive results, it spread all over the Word, in Europe though, pioneers were the Swedes. Many international organizations have created programs for the promotion and development of cleaner production in as many countries as possible, mostly through the National Center for CP, which were established in the early nineties by UNIDO and UNEP. These centers were created to provide services for businesses, governments and other participants and to assist with the implementation of methods, practices,...
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