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Study of the effect of fertilizer containing wheat bran on lettuce growth
Smrčková, Kamila ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of the work was to perform growth experiments on a laboratory scale with soil, which was enriched with 2,5 vol. % of wheat bran/coffee grounds/biochar and to study soil and growth characteristics on Lactuca sativa L. The coffee grounds were added raw or modified by oxidation/extraction. Phytotoxic properties of coffee grounds were confirmed by germination tests, although there was an effort to reduce the content of phenolic substances by oxidation /extraction. Soil additives caused an increase in content of organic matter, water capacity, pH and conductivity of all mixtures compared to the control soil. Elemental analysis of soils before cultivation did not show any positive effect on the content of mineral elements compared to the control soil. On the other hand, higher mineral (P, Mg, Ca, K, Mn, Fe, Cu and Al) content compared to soil was recorded cultivation experiments. Chlorophyll a was the most abundant in cultivated plants and reached the lowest concentration in plants grown in a mixture with EXKS. Salads differed in mineral content, too. Salads with the highest content of phosphorus were growed on the mixture BU+OT+PŮDA. On the contrary, content of potassium is salads was negatively affected by mixture with EXKS. Microelements (Fe, Zn, Al, Cu, Cr and Mn) were most affected in the salad by the addition of raw coffee grounds and OXKS2.
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Quantification of food waste in municipal waste and the possibility of processing this waste
Orságová, Marie ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical study of anaerobic digestion is designed to predict the amount of biogas in food waste. The theoretical part characterizes the processing of biodegradable waste as well as the use of biogas and the calculation method for determining biogas production. In the experimental part, the analytical technique of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine minerals (K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) in food waste, as well as elemental analysis for carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen determination. This thesis provides a simplified model that predicts the amount of produced biogas and could be used for further feasibility studies, such as bioreactors dimensioning. The method can be used for different starting materials and repeated for other similar applications in an effort to extend anaerobic digestion systems as a source of clean energy.
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Sink disposers and theirs importance in biological degradable waste removal.
Amemori, Anna ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Doležalová, Markéta (referee)
Some 30 - 50 % of municipal solid waste (MSW) is biodegradable waste. Most of this waste is sent to landfills or incinerated and is not recovered. According to Waste Management Plan of Czech Republic based on the Landfill Directive of EU, Czech Republic should to reduce weight of biodegradable waste sent to lanndfills to 75 % in 2010 and 35 % in 2020 compared with the amount that had been landfilled in 1995. In rural areas biodegradable waste is fed to animals or treated by home composting. However in urban areas the collection of separated biowaste is problem for a long time. Food waste disposers (FWDs) presents interesting alternative for the biowaste disposal. They enable the separation of food waste at source by shreding it in a kitchen sink. FWDs utilize existing infrastructure of sewer system to transport shreded wastes to wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Wastes can be disposed in WWTPs by anaerobic digestion - the best method for disposal of food waste of animal origin. This work concentrates on literature research of studies about feasibility of FWD as a instrument for biodegradable waste removal and compares arguments for and against using of FWDs in households. Majority of studies shows no complications in sewer system and on WWTP after instalation of FWDs. Energetic and hydraulic consumption...
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Disposal of Visually Imperfect Vegetables and Fruits as One of the Forms of Food Wasting – Food 2020
Hanzlová, Radka
In a special study called Food 2020, CVVM SOÚ AV ČR asked for the opinions and attitudes of the Czech public on the issue of food wasting. One part was focused on the purchase of imperfect fruits and vegetables. \n\nIf there were imperfect and perfectly shaped pieces of fruits and vegetables placed next to each other, 59% of the respondents would chose the perfect one, provided they had the same price.\n\nAs for the estimate of the amount of fruits and vegetables that do not reach consumers at all due to their appearance, the correct share (i.e. 20 to 30%) was estimated by almost two-fifths (37%) of the respondents.
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Food Wasting, Shopping and Consumption Behaviour of Czech Households – Food 2020
Hanzlová, Radka
In a special study called Food 2020, CVVM SOÚ AV ČR (Public Opinion Research Centre of the Institute of Sociology of the Czech Academy of Sciences) asked for the opinions and attitudes of the Czech public on the issue of food wasting. The respondents assessed the severity of the problem of food wasting, estimated how much food their household disposes of and possibly, how much of the disposed food could be avoided, what were the causes of food disposal and stated the reasons for not disposing of food. \n\nIn the next part of the research, we focused on the shopping and consumer behaviour of the respondents, asking in particular where and how often they shop, how much they spend on food and what activities they do in connection with buying food. We were also interested in finding out who, according to the respondents, has the largest share in the total amount of disposed of food and on the contrary, who according to them, strives the most to reduce food wasting in the Czech Republic. Another part of this block of questions was focused on the Czech public's familiarity with the terms "best before" and "use by".
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Food Waste in the United States as an Issue of Federal Public Policy Making
Hlaváčková, Anna ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
The Master's thesis "Food Waste in the United States as an Issue of Federal Public Policy Making" analyzes the role of the federal government in dealing with food waste. It mainly focuses on federal legislation, but it also examines actions on the state level to illustrate the contrast between the two. In the thesis, the author examines the causes and sources of food waste, federal jurisdiction for intervention, and the history of passed legislation, as well as proposed legislation, and solutions. The main goal of the thesis is to demonstrate that federal involvement is fundamental in achieving any significant change, but so far has failed to do so. Primary literature consisting largely of bills, materials published by federal agencies, and reports by non-profit organizations were used to uncover the character of passed legislation. Academic secondary literature in the form of articles, reports, and factsheets offered context to understand the scope and impacts of the legislation. Analysis of those sources revealed federal authority to deal with the issue, as well as possible obstacles standing in the way of an extensive federal intervention. Research also showed that in the absence of federal action, some states have stepped up to introduce legislation to reduce food waste, but this legislation is...
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Changes in the Activity of the Food Bank Following the Amendment to Act No. 110/97 Coll.
ŠKABRADOVÁ, Kristýna
The objective of this thesis is to identify changes in the area of food banks in the Czech Republic which were made after the amendment to the Act on Food and Tobacco Products had entered into effect.The practical part includes a survey performed at the level of 14 food banks which are members of the Czech Federation of Food Banks. In the next section of the practical part, changes effected in the Food Bank of the South Bohemian Region after the amendment entered into effect were identified. Main changes and measures which had to be adopted are explained for the food redistribu-tion process.
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