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Acquisition and Detection Geometry of the CT X-ray Imaging Process
Rusz, Jakub ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Drastich, Aleš (advisor)
The basic components of acquisition and detection geometry of a 3rd generation single slice CT scanner are described here. Then the high contrast spatial resolution of the imaging process is explained and what effects does the setting of acquisition and detection geometry changes in the limiting high contrast spatial resolution. At the end a laboratory exercise and a simulator is presented, which will show and explain these effects.
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Evolution of artificial life
Kudelas, Vladimír ; Brom, Cyril (referee) ; Holan, Tomáš (advisor)
The task of the work is to implement a simulator of evolution of artificial life and make experiments with this application. The evolution is based on simple organisms which are evolved by natural choice. Genome of organisms consists of set of some parameters. Simulator distinguishes species of organisms and kinds of food. Application could be run by a script and it provides saving statistics information.
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Egocentric module for episodic memory
Vyhnánek, Jan ; Sýkora, Ondřej (referee) ; Brom, Cyril (advisor)
The present research in cognitive psychology concerns with the issue of how human beings remember positions of objects in space - and what mental representation of space they create. Scientists infer from experiments that human beings create several spatial representations which differ in accuracy and rate of forgetting and which are specified with respect to different spatial frames of reference. However, we do not know how exactly these representions work. As far as we know there is no computational model concerning with this issue, which would be useful for understanding of these representations. The goal of this work is to extend the model of episodic-like memory developed at MFF UK with a mechanism of creating spatial representations. We will examine how the representations are created and which representations are the most important for orientation of a human-like agent. The model was tested on simulations of a psychological experiment and it partially predicted its results. The goal of the model is not to give a full answer to this problem. It is supposed to be an attempt for starting research in the area which has not been researched this way yet. The results of this work may contribute to better understanding of how human beings represent positions of objects and it may be useful for designing...
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Implementation of geospatial technologies into modeling of urban processes in strategic planning of city development
Burian, Jaroslav ; Voženílek, Vít (advisor) ; Janíková, Jana (referee) ; Vorel, Jakub (referee)
OF PH.D. THESIS - RNDR. JAROSLAV BURIAN Abstract in English "Implementation of geospatial technologies into modeling of urbanization processes in strategic planning of city development" PhD thesis represents original author's approach to the modeling of urban processes by using GIS in Olomouc region. In theoretical part, urban processes and spatial structures of the cities are described in connection with geospatial technologies and digital data for studying, analysis, modeling and simulation. Practical part is divided into for separated parts to fluently binding and creating homogenous thematic block. The first part of the thesis analyses development of Olomouc city by using functional areas derived from historical urban plans (since 1930). The development of urban processes, spatial structures of the city and impacts of urbanization and suburbanization are evaluated. Second chapter describes identification, analysis and quantification of suburbanization in Olomouc suburban space. The main result is Toolbox "Suburban Analyst" in ArcGIS software that use multi- criteria evaluation method and allows identifying and quantifying suburbanization in municipalities' level. Third part analyses the readiness of municipalities and cadastral areas for suburbanization. The final values of readiness represent...
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Cox point process
Kocúrová, Barbora ; Lechnerová, Radka (referee) ; Beneš, Viktor (advisor)
Na/ev praee: Coxfiv bodovy Autor: Barbara Kocnrova Katedra (ust.av): KalodrM pravdepodolmosli a uiatematicke statisiiky Vedonci bakalafske praee: Prof. KNDr. Viktor Beries, DrSe. e-mail vedonciho: Vikl nr.Benesviinlf.cuiti.e/ Abstrakt: V paidiozcur pr;ici st.ndujoinr bodovo prfjcesy. XabyvAine sr siniulac:i a, fil- trovannii Coxova bodovrlio proccsu ri/onclio Gauniia Onistehi-UhlonbeekovytTi jiro- tics^in. K odhadu uahodiir int.cn/ity C'oxova. pi'occsn jsnio zvolili bayesovsky jn'isiup s vynxitiui melody Mai'kov C'liain KJoiit.c C'urlo a Metrupolis-Hastiiigsova algoritinu rox(Mii a /.anikii pro bodovc Tit.k1: Cox point process Author: Harbora Kocnrova Dcparlinont: Dcpartinctit of Probability and Mnthrmatioa.j Statistics Supervisor: Prof. RiNDr. Viktor Hours, DrSc. Supervisor's e-uiail address Viktor.Benesf'inff.eniLi.c^ Abstract: hi the present work the spatial point processes, particularly Cox point pro- cess driven by Ganiina-Ornstoiu Uhlenberk process is studied. We also discuss how to simulate this Cox process and the tittering problem. To obtain the efficient [ilrored value we consider a Bayesiaii inference with using Markov C'liain Moult; Carlo me- thods and Birth-death Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.
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Comparison of basic characteristics (income, risks, degrees of effectiveness) in selected sectors and industries Stock Exchange
SAIKO, Michaela
The aim of this diploma work was to analyze a selected segment of the stock exchange market using the theory of market efficiency and the methods of technical and fundamental analysis, to form an optimal investment strategy on the basis of the findings. The American stock exchange market was analyzed. Six different segments of the capital market were selected ? gold, oil and gas pipelines, steel and iron, car parts, food and telecommunication services. Each segment was represented by eight companies. The general characteristics of the companies were compared according to their profits, degree of risk, alpha and beta coefficients. Fundamental analysis was used to monitor the correlation between future profits for 2012 and alpha coefficients for the period 2007 ? 2011. The theory was proven ? at low levels of future profits, high levels of alpha coefficients were measured and vice versa - at high levels of future profits, low levels of alpha coefficients were measured. During efficiency tests, runs tests and correlation tests were monitored. During runs tests, the number of turns of a real file was compared with the number of runs of a simulated file; no distinctive variances were identified in the monitored stock titles. Forms of market efficiency were proven during the correlation tests and runs tests. The methods of technical analysis used were sliding averages, RSI indicators and Momentum. Trading on the basis of technical analysis is not completely possible because we did not succeed in finding an existing optimal strategy. If an optimal strategy works out it is regardless of the segment?s characteristics. I recommend a passive strategy with regards to the fundamental analysis.
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Gas Microsensors Based on Self-Organized 3D Metal-Oxide Nanofilms
Pytlíček, Zdeněk ; Husák, Miroslav (referee) ; Kolařík, Vladimír (referee) ; Prášek, Jan (advisor)
This dissertation concerns the development, fabrication and integration in a gas sensing microdevice of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) nanostructured metal-oxide semiconducting film that effectively merges the benefits of inorganic nanomaterials with the simplicity offered by non-lithographic electrochemistry-based preparation techniques. The film is synthesized via the porous-anodic-alumina-assisted anodizing of an Al/Nb metal bilayer sputter-deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate and is basically composed of a 200 nm thick NbO2 layer holding an array of upright-standing spatially separated Nb2O5 nanocolumns, being 50 nm wide, up to 900 nm long and of 8109 cm2 population density. The nanocolumns work as semiconducting nano-channels, whose resistivity is greatly impacted by the surface and interface reactions. Either Pt or Au patterned electrodes are prepared on the top of the nanocolumn array using an innovative sensor design realized by means of microfabrication technology or via a direct original point electrodeposition technique, followed by selective dissolution of the alumina overlayer. For gas-sensing tests the film is mounted on a standard TO-8 package using the wire-bonding technique. Electrical characterization of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm reveals asymmetric electron transport properties due to a Schottky barrier that forms at the Au/Nb2O5 or Pt/Nb2O5 interface. Effects of the active film morphology, structure and composition on the electrical and gas-sensing performance focusing on sensitivity, selectivity, detection limits and response/recovery rates are explored in experimental detection of hydrogen gas and ammonia. The fast and intensive response to H2 confirms the potential of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm as highly appropriate active layer for sensing application. A computer-aided microfluidics simulation of gas diffusion in the 3D nanofilm predicts a possibility to substantially improve the gas-sensing performance through the formation of a perforated top electrode, optimizing the film morphology, altering the crystal structure and by introducing certain innovations in the electrode design. Preliminary experiments show that a 3D nanofilm synthesized from an alternative Al/W metal bilayer is another promising candidate for advanced sensor applications. The techniques and materials employed in this work are advantageous for developing technically simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for practical micro- and nanodevices, where the well-defined nano-channels for charge carriers and surface reactions may bring unprecedented benefits.
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Potential of the sentinel-2 red edge spectral bands for estimation of eco-physiological plant parameters
Malenovský, Zbyněk ; Homolová, Lucie ; Janoutová, Růžena ; Landier, L. ; Gastelluetchegorry, J-P. ; Bertholt, B. ; Huck, A.
In this study we investigated importance of the spaceborne instrument Sentinel-2 red edge spectral bands and reconstructed red edge position (REP) for retrieval of the three eco-physiological plant parameters, leaf and canopy chlorophyll content and leaf area index (LAI), in case of maize agricultural fields and beech and spruce forest stands. Sentinel-2 spectral bands and REP of the investigated vegetation canopies were simulated in the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) model. Their potential for estimation of the plant parameters was assessed through training support vector regressions (SVR) and examining their P-vector matrices indicatingsignificance of each input. The trained SVR were then applied on Sentinel-2 simulated images and the acquired\nestimates were cross-compared with results from high spatial resolution airborne retrievals. Results showed that contribution of REP was significant for canopy chlorophyll content, but less significant for leaf chlorophyll content and insignificant for leaf area index estimations. However, the red edge spectral bands contributed strongly to the retrievals of all parameters, especially canopy and leaf chlorophyll content. Application of SVR on Sentinel-2 simulated images demonstrated, in general, an overestimation of leaf chlorophyll content and an underestimation of LAI when compared to the reciprocal airborne estimates. In the follow-up investigation, we will apply the trained SVR algorithms on real Sentinel-2 multispectral images acquired during vegetation seasons 2015 and 2016.
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