|
Econometric systems of simultaneous equations in life insurance
Hendrych, Radek ; Prášková, Zuzana (referee) ; Cipra, Tomáš (advisor)
In present work we deal with theoretical and practical issues related to econometric systems of (linear) simultaneous equations. In the first chapter we introduce to theoretical aspects of this problem. We devote considerable space to estimation procedures and comparisons of their properties, mention questions of identification, an inconsistency of OLS-estimates for the simultaneous modeling, tests of hypotheses specific to this area, dynamic systems and constructions of forecasts in models. In the second chapter we introduce selected basic concepts relevant to life insurance. In the third chapter we show the practical application of theoretical knowledge in the event of an econometric model of financial flows in the life insurance company operating on the Czech market. We compare ordinary estimation procedures (2SLS and 3SLS approach), perform some tests, which serve us to verify selected information on the studied model. We show the possibility of using residual bootstrap, including examples of use in the construction of confidence intervals. Finally we analyze several predictions of the estimated model of the life insurance company for predetermined scenarios for the development of selected variables, which is very important from practical point of view.
|
|
Epidemiological characteristic of viral hepatitis A in the Czech Republic
Polák, Jan ; Kynčl, Jan (advisor)
The aim of theses is to describe epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis A (VHA) in Czech Republic. The identification of specifics related to an increase of VHA and the importance of prevention and spread of this disease is examined The focal point of increased incidence of VHA are specific high risks groups mainly drug users. The general decrease in VHA infections among populations at large results in an increasing number of people having no antibody against VHA. The identified groups then become significant sources of pools of new infections affecting the rest of healthy population having no immunity against VHA virus. The previous epidemics of VHA during the second half of 20th century show the importance of state legislations or local rules governing public hygiene. These include regular controls of food producers, retailers and sources of drinking water. These measures by state and local health inspectors are essential to prevent large scale outbreaks of VHA epidemics. The study puts heightened emphases on health precautions while traveling in countries with a high prevalence of VHA. The preventative measures against VHA virus are important because the specific treatment to cure an illness does not exist and susceptibility to become infected with a virus is high. The personal hygiene such...
|
|
Regime-Switching Models and Their Application in the Financial Markets
Fišerová, Tereza ; Vošvrda, Miloslav (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part introduces the reader to the theory of ARCH-type models and their extensions which are represented by the Markov regime-switching models that allow for capturing of structural breaks in the data dynamics. In addition, the first part summarizes the current state of art. In the empirical part, the model of Klaassen (2002) is adopted to find evidence on the existence of two distinct volatility regimes in four of the Central European stock markets (Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland). The model is also used as a tool for economic crises identification. Analysis of the daily and weekly observations covering the period from January 3, 2000 to December 31, 2010 provides three remarkable results. First, MRS-GARCH(1,1) model is adequate for modelling stock market volatility in Central Europe. Second, the high volatility regime tends to be associated with a financial crisis. Third, the current crisis is exceptional in terms of its duration in comparison with previous works' conclusions.
|
|
The fish community in the Divoká Orlice River near Kostelec nad Orlicí, and the genetic diversity of the local common gudgeon population
Mendel, Jan ; Lusková, Věra ; Lusk, Stanislav ; Halačka, Karel
The fish community was investigated in two localities (r. km 46.7 and 49.1) on the Divoká Orlice River near Kostelec nad Orlicí . Besides the species characteristic of salmonid waters (Salmo trutta, Thymalus thymallus, Phoxinus phoxinus, Cottus gobio ) there are species typical of a barbel community (Barbus barbus, Leuciscus cephalus, L. leuciscus, Gobio gobio). The occurrence of Lampetra planeri has also been recorded. The abundance attained 4,294 and 6,612 exx..; the weight, 363.8 and 509.7 kg respectively, converted to 1 hectare of water surface. The allozyme analysis of G.gobio has shown that the diversity of the population under study is average, compared to other populations examined in other streams Using the RAPD method, two identification markers have been found for the fish in the population examined. The genetic analysis of mtDNA provided a unique haplotype serving to differentiate the gudgeon population.
|
|
The effect of biventricular pacing as compared to single - side left - ventricular pacing and bifocal pacing of the right ventricle in patients with chronic heart failure
Riedlbauchová, Lucie ; Kautzner, Josef (advisor) ; Horký, Karel (referee) ; Táborský, Miloš (referee)
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) represents an accepted treatment modality in patients with advance chronic heart failure, acute and long-term benefit of which was confirmed in several clinical trials. Recently, reduced mortality and rate of hospitalization for heart failure were also demonstrated. However, response to CRT is interindividually highly variable with a substantial proportion of CRT recipients who do not respond to this therapy. Although the identification of suitable candidates is probably the most important factor in the reduction of the rate of non-responders, some other determinants, peri- and post-implant, may substantially affect the final effect of CRT. The present PhD focused on some of these variables: 1/ First of them is a selection of the appropriate pacing mode. This PhD evaluated effect of 3 pacing modalities that have been proposed as alternatives of CRT - biventricular pacing (BiV), single-site left-ventricular pacing (LVP) and rightventricular bifocal pacing (Bif). It was clearly shown that the first two pacing strategies, BiV (it is simultaneous pacing of both ventricles) and LVP, cause comparable acute hemodynamic improvement at rest. Study No.2 of this PhD confirms that the comparable effect of BiV and LVP is preserved also during the exercise. In addition, study No.1...
|
|
Preparation of cochenial carmine
Helceletová, Zuzana ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (referee) ; Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor)
The aim of this study was to prepare a red organic pigment named cochineal carmine. The pigment was made out of dried insect called Coccus cacti using historical recipe. Next goal was to detect carminic acid by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR) in dried bodies of the mentioned insect, then in the pigment prepared from it and in the pigment that was prepared using extract called carminum rubrum. The other results of this work were the comprehension of the origin and preparation of carmine pigment and the identification of carminic acid in both prepared pigments.
|
|
Allergens of natural origin
Kavková, Kateřina ; Jílek, Petr (referee) ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor)
Kateřina Kavková The aim of this diploma thesis is to create the summary of plants and natural compounds which can cause contact, inhalant or food allergies. Their incidence is documented by case reports, the most of them came from Europe, Asia and America where are these problems solved and science in these regions pays attention to allergies in general. Asteraceae family is the most often cause of allergy (10,8 %) thanks to sesquiterpene lactones, on the second place there is Lamiaceae family (7,2 %) with the content of fragrances and oils. The next position is engaged by families Anacardiaceae and Fabaceae (6 %). In the comparison with previous studies Asteraceae allergy is on the decline, but the number of subject positive to cosmetics and fragrances is increasing. Less amount of articles discuss about propolis and latex sensitivity. Source of allergies can be found in plants and animals as well. Particular case reports describe allergy and its diagnosis, identification of main allergens, therapy of resulting problems and eventually recommend next arrangements including prevention. The tables with complemented information present new pieces of knowledge incorporated to scientific periodics and journals from 2004 till 2009. The most of cited articles was published in Contact Dermatitis.
|
|
Prodysrrhythmogenic effects of drugs
Péter, Bohuš ; Hrdina, Radomír (advisor) ; Tilšer, Ivan (referee)
The most common cardiac arrhythmia is atrial fibrillation. In most patients it is not the only heart disease. The main goal of therapy is to maintain a normal heart rhythm. This can be achieved by restoring the sinus rhythm or by controlling the ventricle response. The anticoagulation therapy may be needed to reduce the risk of tromboembolism. Several arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation can be treated by a catheter ablation. This method is highly successful in treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias. The long-therm treatment of ventricular arrhythmias may require implantation of a cardioverter-defibrilator. Serious bradycardias are treated by permanent cardiac stimulation. The efficacy of pharmacologic treatment can be proved only in a clinical trial. Methods of preclinical identification of proarrhythmogenic substances are quite limited. Electrophysiology, drug effects, effects of genetic polymorphism can be studied mostly on models and preparations. Use of antiarrhythmics from groups IA and IB of the Vaughan Williams classification is now limited. Besides the beta blockers used in various indications, the antiarrhythmics from group III are most often used. It is likely that a new drug, dronedarone will be approved for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Positive effect on mortality, and in...
|
|
Study of inclusive elektron-positron pair production in collisions of Ar+Kcl at 1.756 A GeV
Křížek, Filip
Title: Study of inclusive electron-positron pair production in collisions of Ar + KC1 at 1.756 AGeV Author: Mgr. Filip Kfi'zek, Ph.D. Abstract: Spectroscopy of di-leptons emerging in decays of the light vector mesons př, CD, and ^ is a promising way how to investigate changes of properties of these hadrons in the surrounding nuclear environment. This thesis deals with an analysis of inclusive e"V pair emission from. Ar+KCl collisions at a kinetic beam energy of 1.756 AGeV. The measurement was carried out using the High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES). HADES is a unique apparatus dedicated to study e+e~ pair production in hot and dense hadronic matter. After an introduction to the field, the HADES spectrometer is briefly described. Then we focus on the analysis of the Ar+KCl run. We describe and discuss event selection performed by the on-line trigger, lepton identification, and the subsequent pair analysis. Efficiency corrected spectra of parrs are compared with predictions of a thermal model based Monte Carlo event generator (Pluto) and, further, with forecasts of a microscopic transport code (HSD). Finally, we compare results from the HADES Ar+KCl and C+C runs. With respect to the expected di-electron yield from i\-> y e e" decay, in the invariant mass region 0.15 - 0.50 GeV/c2, our spectra...
|
|
Characterisation of multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecium isolates by spectroscopic and genotypic method
Bavlovič, Jan ; Červený, Lukáš (advisor) ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Jan Bavlovič Supervisors: PharmDr. Lukáš Červený, Ph.D. Prof. Doutora Luísa Peixe Co-advisors: Doutora Ângela Novais Doutora Ana Freitas Title: Characterisation of multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecium isolates by spectroscopic and genotypic methods. Ever increasing antimicrobial resistance is currently a worldwide problem, traditionally addressed by DNA-based approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) for the characterization of multidrug resistant carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae and E. faecium isolates. We analysed 20 clinical K. pneumoniae isolates obtained from different community laboratories from Portugal between March 2014 and September 2015 and 143 previously characterized vancomycin-resistant E. faecium isolates obtained from humans, animals, and the environment in 26 countries between 1992 and 2015. Isolates were primarily characterized by genotypic methods including antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of carbapenemases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), identification of antibiotic resistance coding transposons (Tn) and...
|
guest ::
