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Influence of meadow management on the migration behavior of selected species of butterflies
Bubová, Terezie ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Farkač, Jan (referee)
Migrations are the key process and one of the basic biological features, which allow survival of endangered species in fragmented landscape. In the last decades, agriculture intensification, industry and urbanization caused that number of natural butterfly habitats has significantly decreased. The localities originally suitable for butterflies are currnetly converted to farmland or building plots. This PhD thesis aimed to find a compromise solution of meadow management, which should allow a commercial use and concurrently do not jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. The main idea of this study was in the intentional emigration causing in the middle of flight period, which should lead into resettlement of the population to another (potentially more suitable) locality. Possibility of aimed manipulation with butterfly emigrations would be considered as a major breakthrough in their protection.
The investigated species Phengaris nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) and Phengaris teleius (Bergsträsser, 1779) are both considered to be flagship species for protection of European butterflies at open meadows. This study is based on research, which was carried out in 2013-2015 at 17 patch in localities Dolní Labe, Czech Republic. In above mentioned years, one selected meadow was mowed in the middle of flight season and the emigrations were then monitored using mark-release-recapture method. Results of population and migration characteristics were calculated in MARK 8.1 software. Subsequently, the effect of mowing on emigration (comparison of emigrations from the meadow before and after mowing) was evaluated using Statistica 13.
The hypotheses of this study were based on the assumption, that the loss of resources after well-timed mowing should increase the activity of adult butterflies. During the monitoring, number of emigrations was increased only in flight season 2015. Unfortunately, the statistical evaluation did not show significant effect of mowing on migrations. On the other hand, the hypothesis dealing with colonization of nearest meadows was confirmed.
Effect of intentional emigration caused by management interventions was unfortunately not proved. However, we found out, that even though the population at one mowed meadow decreased clearly, the metapopulation size at the locality remained more or less stable.
At investigated (mowed) meadow, there was observed a sharp decline of P. nausithous abundance. On the other hand, P. teleius population was only slightly reduced. It is therefore conceivable, that P. teleius are not as susceptible to innapropriate term of mowing. The results obtained in our research conclusively displayed no possible positive effect of mowing in the middle of flight season and a necessity of suitable management maintenance at localities inhabited by Phengaris butterflies.
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Demography and Dispersal Ability of a Threatened Saproxylic Beetle: A Mark- Recapture Study of the Rosalia Longicorn (Rosalia alpina)
DRAG, Lukáš
This thesis focuses on demography and mobility of an endangered and strictly protected icon of European saproxylic biodiversity, the Rosalia longicorn beetle (Rosalia alpina). Using the mark-recapture method we estimated the size of the population, adult longevity, and dispersal ability of the Rosalia longicorn on three hills in the Ralska Upland, Czech Republic. Furthermore, we assessed the distribution pattern of another 15 populations inhabiting small patches of old beech forest in this area. Factors affecting local survival and the species conservation are discussed.
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Subsidy Support of the Sustainable Waste Management
BEDNÁŘOVÁ, Renata
The subject of the dissertation is the issue of the waste management with special emphasis on the recycling of the construction and demolition waste. The recourse is an analysis of the key instruments regulating the activities and behaviour of market operators in this field toward fulfilling all-society priorities and principles of the sustainable development, where special accent is put on the area of subsidy policies and programmes. The aim of the dissertation is to analyse and evaluate the setting of the selected subsidy programme in terms of economic and ecological efficiency with the emphasis on the assessment of the impact on the recipient. The subject of the research will be a priority axis 4 "Improvement of Waste Management and Removal of Old Environmental Burdens" within the Operational Programme Environment 2007 - 2013. In the literature review basic concepts and important definitions are defined, followed by the comprehensive and complex searches of the problematics from different angles of view. First of all, the global aspect of environmental protection is discussed, broader historical, legal, economic and political contexts, that are essential fundament for understanding the current and future challenges both globally regionally, are summarized. Hereafter, a more detailed description of the situation of the European Union is followed, then the overview is completed by a detailed view at the state of the problematics in the Czech Republic. Subsequent chapters are devoted to a detailed analysis of the waste management sector, again in terms of global, European and national standpoint, in the end the view is focused on the key issue of the dissertation problematics of construction and demolition waste. In the application part the fulfilling of the stated objective of the dissertation through four defined hypothesis is solved. Hypotheses verify the efficiency and appropriateness of the setting of the system of subsidies in the frame of the monitored programme. The emphasis is imposed on the assessment of the impact of the allocated subsidies to the private entities on their economic and environmental efficiency.
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Three stories between East and West: "Virtuous young man", "Divine lover", "Sacrifice of a child"
Špicová, Zuzana ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the realization of three narratives -"Virtuous Young Man", "Divine Lover", and "Sacrifice of a Child"- in diverse literatures of East and West. Basic form, characters/(arche)types, and motifs and their possible variations depending on cultural, literary, and religious/mythological setting are presented for each plot. Using historical and comparative poetics, each plot is analysed from the first extant adaptations in European and non-European literatures to the modern ones. The thesis puts an emphasis on specification and configuration of particular motifs, variations depending on the religious-mythological context, and tension between the same and different, general pattern and specific realization, type and character.
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General Data Protection Regulation and its Impact on Grey Literature
Koščík, Michal
In April 2016, the European commission adopted a new General Data Protection Regulation. This regulation is based on fundamental principles of the existing legislation and elaborates it further into the set of rather detailed legal instructions. The suggested paper aims to summarize the parts of the new regulation that are most relevant for operators of gray literature repositories, who will have to adapt within the next two years. The paper will focus on the issues of consent to the processing of personal data, the legal regime of processing personal data without the consent of the data subjects, the data subject’s right to information as well as the legal regime of acquisition of personal data by third parties and exercise of the newly formulated right to be forgotten.
Fulltext: idr-1039_1 -  PDF
Slides: idr-1039_2 - PDF; idr-1039_3 - PDF
Video: idr-1039_4 -  MP4
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Online Subject Searching of Dissertations
Bratková, Eva
This paper evaluates searching for doctoral dissertations by topic in various online systems. The situation in the Czech Republic is introduced, including the problems involved in completing successful topical searches for dissertations – is it possible to find all relevant materials, or is it sufficient just to find something? The Czech situation is then compared with how systems abroad, particularly in the United States, are being implemented with new access routes for dissertations in the form of linked open data, in which controlled vocabularies of subject terms figure prominently. The paper also discusses how selected European systems whose dissertations are already presented in the WorldCat database will cope with a challenge: “... Over time, these references [for topic entities] will be replaced with persistent URIs to... Linked Data resources”?
Fulltext: idr-1034_3 - PDF; idr-1034_4 - PDF
Slides: idr-1034_1 - PDF; idr-1034_2 - PDF
Video: idr-1034_5 - MP4
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Art Symposia in the 1960s
Fišer, Marcel ; Wittlich, Petr (advisor) ; Klimešová, Marie (referee) ; Šetlík, Jiří (referee)
The Dissertation Abstract The dissertation deals with the tradition of holding art symposia (with a special focus on sculpture symposia) since their origins until the beginning of the 1970s. Both of them coming from German-speaking regions, so far only two works have been dedicated to the topic. However, they both focus on sculpture symposia and totally neglect other disciplines. The fact that they - for perfectly understandable reasons - mostly deal with art from Eastern Europe and overseas is their second weakness. Thus East-European art symposia are commented on scarcely and without knowledge of the local context. The text of the dissertation is therefore for the fist time fully based on an extensive research of the wide spectrum of symposia with respect to their geographical and disciplinary aspects. Thanks to their heavy influence, sculpture symposia, nevertheless, tend to occupy most space. The text places symposia into the context of general development in visual arts and sculpture after World War 2, especially with respect to some on-going contemporary trends, such as the phenomenon of open-air exhibitions, foundation of sculpture parks, development of public art, emerging of abstract art or welded metal sculptures of the later period. The major part of the text includes data about all art symposia...
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Territorial Administration in the Czech Republic - the direct election of mayors
Hyšková, Sylva ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor)
The starting point of the diploma thesis is a discussion of the direct election of mayors in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis in this context is to assess whether the direct election of mayors is appropriate in the normative framework of territorial administration of Czech municipalities and if so, under what circumstances. A partial aim of the work, intended to lead to the fulfilment of the main aim, is the description of the formal role of mayors in the administration of municipalities, the description of the manner of appointment of mayors into their positions, as well as the description of the anchoring of the position and election of mayors of municipalities in selected European countries. Another partial aim is the description of starting points for the direct election of mayors, stemming from the attitudes of mayors of selected municipalities.
The subject of study will be the normative setting of the mayors position in the regional administration in the Czech Republic and simultaneously the manner of their election. Another subject of study will be the attitudes of various mayors in relation to the issue of their formal position and election. The data on the mayors attitudes will be obtained by the focus group technique. The criterion for the selection of respondents will be the municipality size. The purpose of the work is to generalize the data obtained and to assess it on the basis of the prevailing opinion.
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Evaluation of FGMRI provenance plot with European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on the locality Jíloviště, Baně (Central Bohemia)
Kuklová, Alena ; Podrázský, Vilém (advisor)
Buk lesní (Fagus sylvatica L.) je nejvýznamnější listnatou dřevinou České republiky. V minulých letech se jeho zastoupení velmi snížilo v důsledku nešetrné těžby, přírodních disturbancí a následně hlavně změnou lesního hospodaření, kdy se upřednostňovaly především jehličnaté dřeviny smrk ztepilý (Picea abies) a borovice lesní (Pinus sylvestris). Provenienční výzkum se, díky jejich preferování při pěstování, nejprve věnoval hlavně jehličnatým dřevinám, až v pozdější době se zaměřuje i na dřeviny listnaté. V současné době se naše lesní hospodářství k buku znovu vrací a jeho zastoupení se v našich lesích pomalu opět zvyšuje.
Úkolem diplomové práce je provedení terénního šetření na provenienční výzkumné ploše VÚLHM Strnady č. 82 Jíloviště, Baně ve věku 34 let (zjištění počtu rostoucích jedinců, tloušťkového a výškového růstu, tvárnosti kmene, větvení, úhlu větví, tloušťky větví), zjištěná a naměřená data statisticky zpracovat a vyhodnotit rozdíly mezi testovanými proveniencemi buku lesního.
V první části práce je zpracována literární rešerše, zaměřena na provenienční výzkum buku lesního, v další části jsou statisticky zpracovány kvantitativní a kvalitativní znaky zjišťované na výzkumné ploše. V poslední části jsou vyhodnocená data porovnávána s daty z minulých let.
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Territorial Administration in the Czech Republic - the direct election of mayors
Hyšková, Sylva ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor)
The starting point of the diploma thesis is a discussion of the direct election of mayors in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis in this context is to assess whether the direct election of mayors is appropriate in the normative framework of territorial administration of Czech municipalities and if so, under what circumstances. A partial aim of the work, intended to lead to the fulfilment of the main aim, is the description of the formal role of mayors in the administration of municipalities, the description of the manner of appointment of mayors into their positions, as well as the description of the anchoring of the position and election of mayors of municipalities in selected European countries. Another partial aim is the description of starting points for the direct election of mayors, stemming from the attitudes of mayors of selected municipalities.
The subject of study will be the normative setting of the mayors position in the regional administration in the Czech Republic and simultaneously the manner of their election. Another subject of study will be the attitudes of various mayors in relation to the issue of their formal position and election. The data on the mayors attitudes will be obtained by the focus group technique. The criterion for the selection of respondents will be the municipality size. The purpose of the work is to generalize the data obtained and to assess it on the basis of the prevailing opinion.
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