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War Photojournalism and Violence in Worldwide Photojournalism Contests
Patzner, Dominik ; Lábová, Sandra (advisor) ; Silverio, Robert (referee)
This master's thesis researches how often and how worldwide photojournalism competitions award photographs that capture phenomena such as war conflicts, violence, and their consequences. The basis of this research is a hypothesis that shots capturing described phenomena dominate some of the contest categories. The theoretical part contains fundamental information related to the topic of the research - negativity as a news value and the concept of war frame in the journalism field. Peace journalism and solutions journalism have developed to answer to the high rate of negative content in the news, as they do not focus on the negative aspects of events, which presents a different approach to journalistic work. The relation between those two approaches and photojournalism is described in more detail, so is a brief overview of worldwide contests and their influence on the photojournalism field. The research part of the thesis combines content analysis with semiotic analysis and delves into the frequency of awarding described photographs and the content of the photographs, as well as the development in awarding such pictures in time. The research also includes the analysis of several photographs that can be considered a part of peace or solutions journalism. The semiotic analysis then explores such pictures in...
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Gender and LGBTQI+ Politics in the 2020 Belarusian Movement
Andrychuk, Gabrielle ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kazharski, Aliaksei (referee)
Throughout the summer of 2020, Belarus received extensive international media coverage of its non-violent demonstrations arising in response to the disputed re-election of Alexander Lukashenka and the violent crackdown against protestors. This period of civil unrest was marked by demonstrations attended by a broad cross-section of citizens, many waving nationalist red and white flags. Rainbow flags, symbolic of the LGBTQI+ community, were also featured in the protests. This piece examines gender and LGBTQI+ politics in the context of the Belarusian 2020 non-violent movement. A feminist framework is applied to examine how essentialist gender binaries, hegemonic masculinity, and violence are propagated by the Lukashenka regime to negatively impact women's political participation and legitimize violence directed against LGBTQI+ people in Belarus to maintain control. In problematizing anti-LGBTQI+ rhetorics in Belarus it will be shown how political discourses are disseminated through hegemonic masculinity and have been employed to maintain a patriarchal and heteronormative status quo in Belarus. The research highlights the diverse ways that LGBTQI+ people have participated in the movement and addresses the violence that has been legitimized against LGBTQI+ at the protests and in detention.
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Ethical aspects of photojournalism with focus on sports
Krátká, Eliška ; Géla, František (advisor) ; Lábová, Sandra (referee)
Theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis utilizes relevant scholar literature and interviews with photographers to define ethically disputed aspects of photojournalism such as invasion of privacy, media coverage of crises, depiction of violence, death and nudity, as well as picture manipulation - both before a photography is taken and during postproduction process. The thesis particularly focuses on sports photography and ethically disputed aspects related specifically to this field. Followingly, it lays out the limits of photographic display - which are crucial to discuss in relation to the subject of this text - and the trinity of basic principles regarding ethical decision-making (utilitarian principal, absolutist principal, golden rule) that should be considered by photojournalists and picture editors while publishing images that might be considered ethically controversial. Practical part of this thesis captures youth football team FK Admira Prague during 2020/21 and 2021/22 seasons. It shows their training, matches and the backstage of their football world - both its light and dark sides.
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Right-wing extremism in Brandenburg 1990-2010
Kramlová, Anna ; Dimitrov, Michal (advisor) ; Novotný, Lukáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis and one case study "Right wing extremism in Brandenburg 1990 − 2010" discusses the different forms of right wing extremism in the federal state Brandenburg in the timeframe of twenty years after the German reunification. The aim of this thesis is the analysis of the development of this phenomenon in Brandenburg in all its forms, reaching from right-wing extremist mindsets over political parties, to groupings and the commission of crimes. But also the persecution of right-wing extremism through the measures taken by the government of Brandenburg and the civil society by the Brandenburg political officials as well as the civil society is handled in the thesis. The author is dealing with the reasons for the spreading of right-wing extremism, points out the interconnection between its constituent forms and verifies the officially declared "stagnating to declining" tendency of right-wing extremist display in Brandenburg. Several conclusions are drawn. The scene is much interconnected despite its heterogeneity, especially with the National Democratic Party NPD. The most immediate danger is posed by right-wing extremist motivated violence, justified by the ideology of the culprits and ranging from threats to murder. The claim about "stagnating to declining" tendency of right-wing...
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The Complexity of Security Threats in Urban Areas: The Case of Johannesburg.
Sanjoh, Charles ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Svitková, Katarína (referee)
Cities today have become a playground for man-made security threats. From terrorism, drug abuse, and different forms of physical violence that impedes the smooth functioning of the activities of those living within the city spaces. Considering the present day violence and insecurity in our cities, it is vital not only to embark on preventive measures, but also to learn how to cope with and adapt to them. Since it would be an illusion to think of eliminating violence, resilience becomes an important aspect, a gateway to move on with our daily activities without fear and with greater hope for a better future. It is in this respect that I decided in this thesis to talk about resilience within our municipalities with a special focus on the city of Johannesburg in South Africa.
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Video game playing as a risk factor in adolescence?
Lysý, Jan ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
Diploma thesis "Video game playing as a risk factor in adolescence?" deals with actuality of risks for children and youth linked to video games. This topic is currently intensively disscused because of cases of high school shootings. There are concerns that violence in video games is connected to rising of children and youth violence. Another risks refered to video games are addiction and obesity. This diploma thesis deals with these risk too. Goal of this thesis is find out if these risks are real and how great is influence of video games on addiction and obesity. Important topic in this thesis are parents. Parents are important participants who can oversee content of video games played by children and influence amount of time, which children and youth spend by playing of video games.
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Perception of Violence against Different Age Groups of Children at Primary Schools and Eight-year Grammar School
Havelková, Šárka ; Procházková, Jana (advisor) ; Sotáková, Hana (referee)
1. ABSTRACT § Key words: violence, conflict, aggression, cruelty, abuse, neglect, bullying, the perpetrator, the victim, children, adults, seniors, self-harm, suicide In this thesis I would like to focus on how children define violence, what violence includes, how to represent both the offender and victim, what is the difference in the perception of violence against various age groups and how to prevent possible violence. The theoretical part is firstly devoted to the notion of violence or similar terms synonymous to this and to explain them according to Czech and foreign authors. I have then proceeded to topics such as violence against children, adults and seniors, self-harm, suicide and the consequences of violence. In the practical section, I examined the perception of violence among students in primary school compared with students of the same age at a grammar school. I focused on the students of class sixth / ninth grade and first and fourth year of an eight-year grammar school). The survey was not only carried out in schools in the capital city but also in a smaller town.
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Alternatives of Home Violence Settling as seen by the Roman Catholic Church
Fraisová, Naděžda ; Lorman, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
My dissertation Alternatives of Home Violence Settling deals with various alternatives of how the home violence problems can be settled. The introductory chapter goes through the professional interpretation of the home violence term as well as causes, forms and specific signs of this violence type, being followed by description of its consequences and the myths which have gained a foothold in the general public. The home violence is characterized as a long-term, repeated and escalating physical, mental, or sexual cruelty to persons living in the common household; it takes place between close persons, adult family members, or also life partners. The victims, being exposed to long-term violence, lost their self-confidence, however, their fear and confusion increase; they also suffer from a good many various symptoms as depression, shame, decline of general state of health, or increased suicidal behavior. Chapter two focuses on the characterization of the home violence victims and delinquests as well. As to the victims, these can be everybody, irrespective of their education, age, social position or economic situation - women, seniors and handicapped persons as well as men. The home violence occurs between adult partners, spouses, parents and their children, but also between young and aged persons. Chapter...
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International law aspects of violence against women
Minaříková, Martina ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
- RESUMÉ Mezinárodněprávní aspekty násilí na ženách The international legal aspects of the violence against women The main purpose of my thesis is to describe basic legal instruments which regulates area of violence against women and analyse a development of a legal regulation adopted by regions and whole international community. Minor purpose of this thesis is to evaluate possible connection between violence against women and religion. Violence against women is still everyday problem in each part of the world. The thesis is composed of six principal chapters. Chapter one describes basic forms of violence against women which are determined by Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, since 1993. The Declaration defines Violence against Women as "any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, includin threats of such acts, cercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occuring in public or in private life." Chapter two presents several areas which are specific for the violence against women and also demonstrates basic legislations adopted in each area. These areas are international humanitarian law, which includes Geneva Conventions and general section of human rights including women...
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