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Lobbying: economic and legal aspects
Čech, Dino ; Hraba, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Charvátová, Dagmar (referee)
Lobbying: economic and legal aspects Abstract The aim of this thesis is to determine lobbying as a legitimate part of democratic processes and to propose recommendations for the regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic. To achieve this aim, an analysis of the regulation of lobbying in the USA, EU and neighbour states, is conducted. Emphasis is also put on the analysis of regulation attempts in the Czech Republic with regard to influence of Non-Governmental Organizations. The first chapter is dedicated to a comparison of various lobbying definitions which are presenting main features and similarities across definitions. Among the main features are definitions of lobbying activity, lobbyist and public officials. The second chapter is dedicated to a comparison of government regulation and self-regulation, and the positives and negatives are assessed. The difference between lobbying and corruption is the main focus of the third chapter. Next three chapters are dedicated to the historical and legal analysis of lobbying in the USA, EU and neighbour states. The regulation of lobbying in the USA has the longest history. The regulation of lobbying in EU is an example of different terminology which is used in communication with the European Parliament and the European Commission. The seventh chapter is dedicated...
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Lobbying - economic and legal aspects : attitudes of members of the law academia and members of the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic to the regulation of lobbying
Blažek, Matej ; Hraba, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bažantová, Ilona (referee)
Lobbying - Economic and Legal aspects Abstract The diploma thesis deals with lobbying and its economic and legal aspects. The aim of the thesis is to present lobbying from a broad perspective in the context of other regulations by using descriptive, comparative and analytical methods and to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of efforts to regulate lobbying in the Czech Republic. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the last governmental regulatory initiative where I am testing a hypothesis of whether the underway regulation is systemically correct in light of examples in other countries. I also conducted two surveys aimed at finding out the attitudes of members of the law academia and members of the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic to the regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic. The data serve both to (i) illustrate the interpretation of lobbying across the work, (ii) but also because of the specific proposed variant of lobbying within the framework of the approved substantive intent of the lobbying law (the deadline for submitting a paragraph to the government is set to end 2018), and (iii) I believe that they can be useful even when finalizing the bill, or other later proposed measures under the de lege ferenda considerations on lobbying. The thesis is...
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Corruption
Chadimová, Tereza ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
Title Corruption. English Abstract The rigorous work deals with the evaluation of the level of criminal substantive law and criminal procedural law with the greatest emphasis on the national level. The primary goal of this work is to find out how it is currently possible to face the corruption and whether the Czech legislation provides useful tools to help fight against the corruption. As the necessary prerequisite for the fight against the corruption is the prevention of the corruption, the detection of corruption practices and the need to punish enough the corruption, this rigorous work divides instruments of the fight against the corruption into three groups, first group is preventive instruments, second group is instruments of detection and third group is instruments of sanctions. The rigorous work deals with all of these groups of instruments when attention is paid both in general and also specifically on Czech criminal law. In order to assess the effectiveness of all instruments, the first criterion is a sufficient scale, which means whether the Czech legislation can punish all types of corruption, the second criterion is the ability to search for, secure and make available sufficient evidence, and the third criterion is the stringency of punishments. The introductory part deals with the definition of...
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Copyright in the European Union: Influence of Interest Groups during the Creation of the Collective Rights Management Directive
Slabyhoudek, Václav ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
The master's thesis focuses on the influence of interest groups during the creation of the 2012 Proposal for a Directive on collective rights management. In particular, the thesis deals with the pre-legislative phase of the legislative process, which began in April 2004. The theoretical framework includes conceptualization of interest groups, lobbying and influence. The mechanisms of influence are analysed using two theories - rational choice theory and rational choice institutionalism. The thesis utilizes process tracing - theory testing as a main methodological approach. Empirical evidence is investigated by analysing primary sources. The main subjects of the analysis are the most relevant documents from the European Commission concerning the pre-legislative phase. Four semi-structured interviews with selected relevant actors were also conducted. The thesis concludes by confirming/ disproving of the main hypothesis: Specific interest groups succeeded in influencing the text of the proposal for a directive on the collective management of copyright.
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Prevention and control of corrupt conduct in the Czech Republic
Vařecha, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
1 Abstract This thesis 'Prevention and control of corrupt conduct in the Czech Republic' suggests its aim and issues directly from its title. The corruption is still actual phenomenon that has been regularly mentioned in the media in recent years and remains opened for further research and discussion. There is no doubt that the need for another analysis exists. Only effective and continuous effort to prevent and control corruption can lead to reduction of crime rate and another negative impacts caused by corruption. The impacts of corruption mean not only administering punishments to the persons taking part in corruption but it is also possible to register economic impacts. Moreover, the corruption has adverse effects on our civic society represented by inauspicious influence on public opinion regarding the trust of population in the public administration, state policy or fair, just, equitable and impartial judicial ruling and deciding of other national institutions. This thesis deals with corruption using mostly criminological point of view. However, it was also necessary to use criminal substantive and procedural law knowledge. The corruption is a phenomenon that influences all society to the core, despite the fact that the most of our society is convinced that corruption is prejudicial. It was also...
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Územní plánování - Metropolitní plán hlavního města Prahy
Volfová, Adéla ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Lisa, Aleš (referee)
Urban planning form the space occupied by people, but their participation ratio is low. In spite of the fact that they can be concerned in city planning for example to be engaged in interest group, that could affect it. The thesis aim the question of the affect on the process of making Prague Land Use Plan (Metropolitan plan). The theoretical part defines the detailed explanation of the city planning and presents project submission of Metropolitan plan, and also set the context. In the practical part of the thesis the urban agents and their interests are charactised. The process of urban planning is influenced by three obligatory urban agents - the public, the interest groups and the political representation. The conclusion of this work is setting the way of affecting and their classification.
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Lobbying as a tool for shaping European legislation: the case of a ban on animal testing of cosmetics
Krhlová, Martina ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis looks at lobbying as one of the tools for shaping European legislation. Lobbyists are often perceived as carriers of valuable information that make it possible for decision-makers to get expert opinions and perspectives directly from the industry. Lobbyists can therefore make a significant contribution to policy making and to improving European legislation that meets the needs of stakeholders. The main objective of the thesis is to find out in what way and at what stages the interest groups participate and intervene in the EU decision-making process and identify the access points through which they can enter into the legislative process. For the sake of clarity, this research is applied to a particular case of lobbying in the field of animal testing of cosmetics, which has greatly influenced the legal regulation of the area.
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Regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic including a proposal de lege ferenda
Kislingerová, Gabriela ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Rajchl, Jiří (referee)
Regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic including a proposal de lege ferenda Transparent lobbying and his regulation is natural and necessary part of functioning of democratic states. Regulation of lobbying done by legislation is supposed to be a fundamental element of transparency of democracies in 21st century; an essential element of an integrated system of development in approximation of civil society and public institutions, mutual trust and transparency in mutual relations. Regulated lobbying should enable citizens of a democratic society to exercise their right to public control of processes associated with the formation of laws, legal norms of lesser legal force and other important decisions. This thesis describes the current situation (March 2016) in the regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic and choses, by author, suitable alternatives of solution to the lobbying regulation in the future. Due to the fact that lobbying is not regulated or defined by any law in the Czech Republic, lobbying is often pejoratively confused with corruption and generally misunderstood and negatively perceived by the public. The aim of the thesis is to present possible views on the solution to the problematic of regulation of lobbying in Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two chapters. The...
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Protection against bribery and corruption and their prevention
Doleček, Michal ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Thesis describes often mixed terms of corruption and lobbying, tries to distinguish them and explain why there is a crucial difference between disruptive corruption and legitime lobbying, which is one of the key stones of modern demorcracy. The first chapter deals with the general term of corruption, its typology and bribery. The second chapter describes corruption criminal offenses in the czech criminal code and divides them into general and special ones. The third chapter deals with the term of lobbying, and the history of lobbying in the United States of America from the begining of lobbying in 19. century described as influencing politicans by powerful and influential individuals using all aviable techniques and corruption, through advancing regulation by the state. The next part of the chapter is dedicated to lobbying and corruption in the Czech Republic. It gives a few examples on which there is possible to demonstrate the level of current legal regulation, which does not allow transparent control of public on decision making of the public officials. The last part of the chapter shows most serious reasons for appearance of corruption in lobbying, which need to be cleared. The fourth chapter is about analysis of the regulation of lobbying in the United States of America and the United Kingdom....
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NRA and Its Influence on American Politics
Havlíčková, Marta ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Čapinská, Barbora (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the National Rifle Association (NRA), an interest group in the USA. The aim of the thesis is to analyze NRA's influence on American politics. To achieve that it describes NRA's membership, organization, public image and financing. It describes NRA's functions and political goals and analyzes the method it uses to achieve them on the U.S. federal level. The thsis concludes that the NRA sees any regulation of the ability to buy, keep and bear arms as a breach of constitutional rights. It states that any further regulation is a step towards the creation of a national arms registry and towards weapons confiscation. It succesfully prevents stricter regulations by efficient voter mobilization, lobbying and financial contributions to election campaigns. Although it claims to be bipartisan, it mainly contributes to Republicans.
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