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Analysis of Classification Methods
Juríček, Jakub ; Zendulka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Burgetová, Ivana (advisor)
This work deals with the classification methods used in the knowledge discovery from data process and discusses the possibilities of their validation and comparison. Through experiments, the work focuses on the analysis of four selected methods: Naive Bayes classificator, decision tree, neural network and SVM. Factors influencing basic characteristics such as training speed, classification speed, accuracy are examined. A part of the thesis is a desktop application, which is a tool for training, testing and validation of individual methods. Eleven reference data sets are selected for experimental purposes. At the end of this work experimental results of comparison and observed characteristics of classification methods are summarized.
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Problems and experiments in molecular physics and thermodynamics for electronic collections of solved problems and experiments
Fürstová, Tereza ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Drozd, Zdeněk (referee)
This work is a part of larger project which aims to create electronic collection of solved problems and collection of experiments in physics. Within the frame of this work there were created nine problems with detailed walkthrough and seven structured physics experiments in molecular physics and thermodynamics. Physics problems should help students to understand this subject. The structured experiments should help teachers to demonstrate experiments in their physics lessons. In the next part of the work there is mentioned a survey of curriculum in primary and secondary schools and syllabus for students of Department of Physics Education at MFF UK. This work also includes a characteristics of electronic collection of solved problems and collection of experiments in physics. All created problems and experiments are in electronic form on added DVD.
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Motivation of preschool and younger school pupils to physics through stories
Čermáková, Aneta ; Houfková, Jitka (advisor) ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (referee)
This Bachelor thesis goal is to prepare pedagogical material for teachers and lectors working with children in kindergartens or school clubs at elementary school. It deals with a problem how to motivate children to explore physical laws and natural phenomena in our surroundings, and with the issue of the loss of natural curiosity and desire to discover the new. One part of the work is a research of the available resources of basic physics experiments for pupils at elementary schools and for preschool pupils in kindergartens. It also summarizes literature dealing with developmental psychology and inclusion of stories into usual activities. The main part of the work includes two stories with 11 physics experiments, which are integrated into the stories and are also later described and explained in detail. The notes from realizations are a very important part of this work. A CD with the thesis text in digital form, feedbacks and photos from the realizations and some examples of drawing feedback from kindergarten children is enclosed to the thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Earthen Plaster (cob) on Timber Framing of Traditional Buildings: preparation, application and maintenance
Novotný, Martin
The submitted methodology presents an instruction to produce and apply earthen plaster cob on log houses, or on walls made from woven lattices of wooden strips. After gaining necessary routine and skills, the submitted building technique is very effective for manual work. The submitted technique is intended for the application of two-layer anchored and not-anchored earthen plaster (cob). Anchored plaster is applied on an anchoring lattice made on wall structure, using small wooden pegs driven into log house´s beams. Not-anchored plaster is applied directly on the wall, without the anchoring lattice. The plaster is applied in two layers, whereby the first (rough) layer contains longer particles of organic origin (chaff, cut straw). When making replicas and copies of buildings which are constructed using the log technique and provided with earthen plaster, the below described procedure seems to be effective. Earthen plaster is a protective and decorative layer on the walls.
Fulltext:  PDF
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Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level
Kácovský, Petr ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bochníček, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kříž, Jan (referee)
Title: Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level Author: Petr Kácovský Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Drozd, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This doctoral thesis is aimed at chosen aspects of teaching of thermodynamics on high school. The thesis can be divided into two main parts: The research part deals with investigation of typical students' conceptual difficulties in the field of thermal phenomena and its primary goal is to identify the most distinctive misconceptions of observed population. More than 500 students were questioned using a conceptual test both as pretest and posttest; approximately half of them also participated in the retention test which took part two years after pretest. The results of the conceptual test are connected with data obtained on the basis of the simultaneously conducted research of students' attitudes. The developmental part of the thesis - partly inspired by previous misconception research - deals with arranging, documentation and testing of experiments relevant to teaching of thermodynamics. In total, 46 experiments were arranged, students-tested and published in the electronic Collection of Physics Experiments. These experiments are primarily intended for teachers as inspiration...
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Essays on Decision Making under Stress
Cingl, Lubomír ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Skořepa, Michal (referee) ; Levínský, René (referee) ; Servátka, Maroš (referee)
Název / Title Eseje o rozhodování pod stresem / Essays on Decision Making under Stress Student PhDr. Lubomír Cingl Studijní program / Study program Ekonomické teorie Školitel / Advisor PhDr. Michal Bauer, Ph.D. Abstract This dissertation comprises three thematically connected experimental studies of human behavior under non- standard conditions: time-pressure and stress. In the Introduction section I present the argument for why it is important for economists to recognize stress research as a valid part of the research in economics and how it can contribute to the growing knowledge of human behavior in general, including several examples from the literature. The first paper presented in Chapter 2 examines the effect of time pressure on the individual propensity to herd, while the remaining two papers examine the effect of acute stress on risk-preferences and herding behavior, respectively. Herding behavior is a very important phenomenon in human decision making since social influence is very frequent in our lives and economic decisions: consider traders in financial markets, wait-and-see investors, but also purchase behavior due to fads, fashion and top-ten lists. Risk preferences are another essential factor which determines many important economic outcomes, and the assumption of their stability is a...
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Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level
Kácovský, Petr ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor)
Title: Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level Author: Petr Kácovský Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Drozd, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This doctoral thesis is aimed at chosen aspects of teaching of thermodynamics on high school. The thesis can be divided into two main parts: The research part deals with investigation of typical students' conceptual difficulties in the field of thermal phenomena and its primary goal is to identify the most distinctive misconceptions of observed population. More than 500 students were questioned using a conceptual test both as pretest and posttest; approximately half of them also participated in the retention test which took part two years after pretest. The results of the conceptual test are connected with data obtained on the basis of the simultaneously conducted research of students' attitudes. The developmental part of the thesis - partly inspired by previous misconception research - deals with arranging, documentation and testing of experiments relevant to teaching of thermodynamics. In total, 46 experiments were arranged, students-tested and published in the electronic Collection of Physics Experiments. These experiments are primarily intended for teachers as inspiration...
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Experiments in Mechanics for Interactive Physics Laboratory
Kopřiva, Tomáš ; Šabatka, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
The main points of this bachelor's thesis are some kinds of mechanic experiments. Process in a theoretical way and in the form of work sheets/lists and experiments verify(ies)individual or each law of mechanics, namely Law of Concervation of energy, Law of Conservation of momentum and other Newton's laws. Next worksheet is focused on problematics of resistive forces, which is changing assumend results of (our) experiments to the separate work there are covered individual worksheets a their example solution(s) or sample solutions. There is a set of worksheets and CD, scanned worksheets which were filled in by students, worksheets, interface (there are links on them in the thesis) in the annex There is whole bachelor's thesis in CD too. Keywords: experiment, mechanical laws, worksheet, cart
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Chemical experiments with natural compounds oriented on education.
Opatová, Michala ; Petrželová, Simona (advisor) ; Trnka, Tomáš (referee) ; Svoboda, Lubomír (referee)
Inclusion of experiments into tuition of chemistry is required and a topic of natural compounds enables combination of chemistry with biology and subjects of common life. This dissertation concerns experiments with natural compounds, their utilization within project education at educational and popularizing events which are held by Charles University in Prague. Researches of selected secondary textbooks and professional publications are parts of the thesis. A questionnaire survey is also included on which basis opinions of secondary teachers were evaluated. A collection of instruction in the experiments was prepared. The main part of the thesis is focused on detailed desription of experiments supplemented with pictures and information about selected natural compounds. A proposal to educational excursions focused on natural compounds and project tuition is also included. The whole thesis bring a new look into experiments with natural compounds in sense of searching individual compounds in blends, discovering composition of food processing products not only by chromatography.
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