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Summary of Principles and Recommendations for Stroke Patients and their Families after Discharge from Acute Stroke Units
Kovářová, Iveta ; Oktábcová, Alice (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
Name and surname: Bc. Iveta Kovářová Supervisor: Mgr. Alice Oktábcová Thesis title: Summary of Principles and Recommendations for Stroke Patients and their Families after Discharge from Acute Stroke Units Background: Stroke is a very serious and common disease with a high mortality. It is important for patients to start rehabilitation as soon as possible. Early discharge allows stroke patients return home to continue rehabilitation in familiar surroundings. The responsibility for continued rehabilitation is in the hands of patients and their families and the main aim is to adjust to everyday life. Objective: The aim of this work is to create an educational material "Summary of Principles and Recommendations for Stroke Patients and their Families after Discharge from Acute Stroke Units", to help patients in the stroke problematics. This Summary includes information about stroke issues, stroke epidemiology, consequences and risks, practical advices, compensatory aids, possibilities of rehabilitation and information on social counseling, speech therapy and outpatient rehabilitation with relevant contacts. A case report in the practical part of this work tries to summarize possibilities of home occupational therapy and get a feedback on the educational material. Methods: This research work summarizes...
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Impact of daily living activities on vertebral lumbar spine problems
SÁBLÍKOVÁ, Ivana
This thesis deals with the impact of daily living activities on vertebral lumbar spine problems. The lumbar spine is the most common part occurrence of pain because movements of legs and pelvis are transferred there. The source of these problems is usually an incorrect execution of daily activities. During these activities groups of muscles are unevenly loaded and the spine is not well stabilized. The aim of this thesis is to find out the influence of the daily living activities on vertebral lumbar spine problems, discover how much it is important to do these activities properly and also outline the possibilities of physiotherapy and kinesiology as a prevention and treatment of these problems. The theoretical part describes the anatomy of the lumbar spine and its functions, posture and deportment, daily activities that affect the lumbar spine, proper implementation of these activities and, finally, the possibility of physiotherapy for pain in the lumbar part of the spine. The practical part is based on a qualitative research. The focus group of my research consisted of two women, aged 20 and 44 years and one man, aged 23. All of them suffered from low back pain. The physiotherapy treatment was applied for eight weeks, once a week under my supervision, and the patients were asked to do the required set of exercises every other day. At the beginning of the therapy anamnesis was collected by interview, entry kinesiological analysis was made, documentation was added and the short-term kinesiotherapeutic plan was established. Before treatment, I set a training unit that was individually adjusted, according to the current abilities of each respondent. The file of exercises contained spinal exercises, the deep stabilizing system activation, the correct respiratory stereotype activation, exercises from the methods of Ludmila Mojžíšová and elements of the dynamic neuromuscular stabilization. The final kinesiology analysis was conducted at the end of the therapy, it included photo documentation and a long-term kinesiotherapeutic plan was established. All probants improved respiratory stereotype, overall posture during everyday activities and the pain mitigates in the lumbar spine.
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Using of Psychobiographical model of care when working with seniors
Svobodová, Markéta ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Nová, Monika (referee)
My dissertation is focused on usage of psychobiographical model of care during working with seniors. The first part of my dissertation is focused on theories, where I explain things such as old age and its age borders, changes in old age and senior's needs, dementia and its forms. We can also find here informations about senior services, social workers and ethic codex. Besides that, my dissertation contains informations about psychobiographical model and everything that is related to it. Second part of my dissertation is focud on concrete usage of the model in Senior House Háje and Senior House Palata for people with eyes dissorder. Keywords Senior, age, Psychobiographical model of care, dementia, normality principle, regression phases, activities of daily living, biographies, individual care plans, memories Therapy.
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Determination of functional capacity level for executing common daily and occupational activities of individuals with cardiovascular disease
Šimková, Klára ; Uhlířová, Jaromíra (advisor) ; Kotková, Karla (referee)
OF BACHELOR THESIS Title of bachelor thesis: Determination of functional capacity level for executing common daily and occupational activities of individuals with cardiovascular disease. This bachelor's thesis summarizes basic information about cardiovascular diseases, its epidemiology, the most frequent causes of their onset, the most frequent types of diseases, onset risk factors and their prevalence. Subsequently, it is devoted to description of procedures, phases and goals of rehabilitation in the target group of individuals. Particular attention is payed to ergo-therapeutic intervention and options to assess functional capacity in common daily activities and activities related to occupation of individuals with cardiovascular disease. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part, consisting of literature research, summarizes basic knowledge about cardiovascular diseases, its rehabilitation and options to assess functional capacity of affected individuals in different stages of the rehabilitation process. The practical part consists of case interpretations of two patients and processes data from questionnaire-based research. The questionnaire is aimed to collect information from workplaces with department of cardiology and rehabilitation. It processes...
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Occupational therapy in pediatric rheumatology
Therová, Michaela ; Nováková, Olga (advisor) ; Krivošíková, Mária (referee)
The application of occupational therapy has been explored in pediatric rheumatology, with an emphasis to leisure activities and activities of daily living in junior school children with arthritis. The thesis consists of two parts - a theoretical and a practical section. The theoretical section offers a brief description of occupational therapy and juvenile idiopathic arthritis with a specific attention given to polyarthritis. In addition, this section describes occupational therapy for children with arthritis plus various examinations being used by occupational therapists in these children. (CHAQ (The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire), JAHODA (Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report), grip ability examination and goniometry). The practical section includes six case reports of pediatric patients with arthritis, with a detailed description of leisure activities and activities of daily living. Examination outcomes of children with arthritis have been compared to a control population of five healthy children. The thesis objective is to explore how children with arthritis spend their leisure time, what daily activities and games are difficult to complete because of their condition and what activities are easy to complete. Based on data collected, a brochure for parents and...
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Assessment of activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer disease in clinical practice
Martínek, Pavel ; Bartoš, Aleš (advisor)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very frequent disorder. There are about 150 thousand people living with AD in the Czech Republic. The diagnostic criteria require not only the evaluation of cognitive abilities (e.g. memory), but also the activities of daily living (ADL). The aim of this thesis is to describe the concept of ADL and to provide the information about its assessment in the patients with AD. It also describes the scales for ADL assessment available in the Czech Republic and abroad. The assessment of ADL is useful for the diagnosis of AD and its prodromal stages, for the evaluation of treatment effects or disease progression, for its staging, to estimate the caregiver burden, and for other purposes. The best way to assess ADL in the clinical setting is the administration of structured questionnaires to the caregiver of the patient. The thesis provides a list of 14 ADL questionnaires and a brief information about each of them. Together with my tutor, we have translated three ADL scales (FAQ-CZ, DAD-CZ and BADLS-CZ) into Czech language during my student scientific activity. These scales were given to 47 caregivers of the patients with clinical probable AD according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. The cognitive abilities of the patients were measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination. It proved to be...
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Degree of difficulty in performing activities of daily living in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
KAAS, Jiří
Theoretical foundation: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic system disease manifesting itself particularly by inflammatory joint impairment. The main problems confronting daily the patient include pains of the motor system and fatigue. The disease has typically long, progressive development, and although it does not cause directly the patients' death, it reduces their life by some ten years on average. The serious character of the disease consists in the fact that the motor abilities of the individual are gradually impaired. At the beginning the patients must avoid major physical activity, often give up their hobbies and sometimes even their jobs. In the most serious cases, the disease may even prevent the patients from performing basic self-service activities. Goal of the thesis: The goal of the thesis consists in mapping the level of problems of rheumatoid arthritis patients at performing daily activities. Hypotheses - H1: Rheumatoid arthritis patients feel discomfort when performing common daily activities, H2: Rheumatoid arthritis patients make use of supporting and compensation aids when performing common daily activities, H3: Rheumatoid arthritis patients make use of another person's assistance when performing common daily activities. Methodology: The research part of the thesis was implemented based on quantitative inquiry within the grant Project No. 120/2012/S ?Reflection of life quality in nursing?. The actual research made use of HAQ standardized questionnaire, distributed among the rheumatoid arthritis patients. The size of the research set was set at 200 rheumatoid arthritis patients from all over the Czech Republic. The respondents were chosen based on quota selection, striving to observe the proportion of men to women at 3:1, i.e. 150 women and 50 men. When searching the respondents, organizations associating patients with the respective diagnosis were first approached. All results obtained were statistically processed in the SASD (Statistical Analysis of Social Data) program. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The results can be divided into three areas, by the related hypotheses. The first part of the results gave information on the degree of discomfort felt by the individuals when performing specific common daily activities. It was found out that the patients see the most difficult activity in taking down an item from a place above their head and bathing in the bathtub. The second area brought information on the aids used to perform common daily activities. The respondents named dressing aids or handgrips at the bathtub most frequently. The third and last area brought the answer to the question what activities require another person's help. The patients named reaching or opening of things most frequently. But an essential part of the patients stated not to need any help of another person in common daily activities. Based on the results, the hypotheses were evaluated as follows: H1 - Rheumatoid arthritis patients feel discomfort when performing common daily activities - confirmed, H2 - Rheumatoid patients make use of supporting and compensation aids when performing common daily activities - confirmed and H3 - Rheumatoid arthritis patients make use of another's person when performing common daily activities - not confirmed. Conclusion: The thesis provides a detailed and comprehensive view on the issues of performing common daily activities in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The results can be used both by practical nurses and by students of nursing and related disciplines. The thesis can also constitute foundation for further research. The thesis results will be also presented and published.
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