|
Degradation of paper documents and proceeding of reformation: mass deacidification and preservation reformatting
Mařík, Filip ; Hutař, Jan (advisor) ; Vorlíčková, Blanka (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to introduce the topic of paper degradation and to present possible methods of its reparation, focusing on manufactured paper in particular. The author describes and debates causes and effects of degrading mechanisms faced by storage institutions. Furthermore, the most suitable storage conditions of library collections are discussed. Among other means of reparation, described in the paper, are methods of mass deacidification and of preservation reformatting. Lastly, readers will be acquainted with steps taken by the National Library of the Czech Republic to fight paper degradation.
|
|
New flame retardants in the environment
Ezechiáš, Martin ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kočí, Vladimír (referee)
In the recent years, many research articles focused on endocrine disrupting compounds in the environment. Some of these compounds are listed in a group named brominated flame retardants. However, only few articles investigated endocrine activity of several "new" brominated flame retardants. These chemicals such as 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) or bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) are newly used due to ban of some previously most produced brominated flame retardant mixes. In this study, we used two recombinant yeast screens to measure estrogenic, androgenic, antiestrognic and antiandrogenic activities of some alternative brominated flame retardants. We also used ligninolytic fungi to investigate biodegradation of these compounds. Our results suggest, that 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) may be a new environmental endocrine disruptor. This substance showed antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic activity in our tests. 1,2-bis(2,4,6- tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) had certain antagonistic activity too. In the biodegradation experiment, only three compounds showed significant degradation during the test period. No biodegradation have been observed for other compounds. In this study, we applied gas chromatography with mass spectrometry to analyze these "new" flame retardants. Method for gas...
|
|
The Second Liturgy of Czechoslovak Hussite Church
Basl, Vojtěch ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Tvrdek, Petr (referee)
Presented work has in its first part tried to evaluate both textual and theological development of the liturgy in the Czechoslovak (Hussite) church. It has focused on Farsky's translation of the Roman Mass from 1919, first liturgical reforms of the young church, liturgical diversification and unifiction in newly conceived liturgy by Karel Farsky in 1923. The work further follows development of such liturgy, especially its revision in 1939 and attempts of liturgical renewal in seventies and eighties of the twentieth century. The final conclusion of the thesis resides in stating that revision was crucial for blurring certain parts of Farsky's liturgy. It was not conciliated with Učení, official doctrinal document of the Church, and also didn't stay in line with its origin. The main part of the work is focused on analysis of singular parts of Second Liturgy s it was adopted by Assembly in 1991. We attempt to compare this liturgy with earlier versions as mentioned above. This thesis particularly states, that recent version of the Second Liturgy presents two parts of the liturgy of the Word,when the first reading is sharply distinguished from the rest. Furthermore, Opening antiphon (Introit) and Communium antiphon (Communio) are misleadingly placed. In fact, only Offertory antiphon (Offertorium) is located...
|
|
Music and Musical Culture in the Old Town of Prague 1526 - 1620
Baťa, Jan ; Černý, Jaromír (advisor) ; Horyna, Martin (referee) ; Hulková, Marta (referee)
This disertation is a contribution to our knowledge of music and musical culture in the Old Town of Prague between 1526 and1620. The first methodological chapter, Musical culture of a Renaissance city as a topic, discusses different views on the problem of musical culture in the city, both in domestic and foreign academic literature. This text is followed by a survey of the present state of research entitled Musical Culture in the Old Town of Prague 1526-1620 in the light of present literature. It focuses only on the items that contributed significantly to the topic. The third chapter, Focus on the musical privacy of Prague citizens in the period before the Battle of the White Mountain, opens the main part of the dissertation with the results of newly-undertaken research. It discusses eight concrete samples of inventories and shows the presence of musical scores and instruments in citizens' households and their function in life in those times. The fourth chapter, Musical Culture in the Old Town of Prague 1526-1620 viewed through preserved musical sources tries to focus broadly on those preserved musical manuscripts, that can be attributed to a specific place. The following chapter, The Gradual of Trubka of Roviny, is closely related to the previous one. It is a detailed examination of one of the...
|
|
The influence of reducing agent on silver nanoparticles granumetric parameters
Šomodíková, Iva ; Dittrich, Milan (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
We report an experimental evidence of a process of silver particles preparation by the Tollens reduction method. Natural non toxic reducing agents, such as various starches and flavonoid plant extracts were used. As the most efficient reducing agents amaranth starch and Paulinia cupana extract were choosen for the following study. The use of starches alone leads to highly polydisperse systems. The mixing of starches with Paulinia cupana extract results in silver nanoparticles with good size-mean and size-distribution parameters. The nucleation and growth phase of the particle preparation process were improved by the microwave irradiation. The synergy of intensified molecular movement in the water phase and the similar and more thermal accented process in the newly formed metal nanoparticles were exploited. This preparation method evidently leads to the higher quality systems usable as biocompatible antimicrobials and preservatives.
|
|
Vishva Hindu Parishad
Krejčík, Jiří ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor)
This thesis deals with the origin and growth of the Hindu organisation Vishva Hindu Parishad during the years 1964-1992 and its role in the Hindutva movement. It analyses its ideology, propaganda, activities and influence on the political development of the Republic of India. It mainly focuses on the VHP's transformation from the originally loose association of Hindu elites aimed at preserving and promoting Hindu dharma into a mass organisation with a huge impact on the Indian politics through mobilizing the Hindu society for the creation and promotion of a strong Hindu nation.
|
|
Chapters from old history of libraries in Kolín and its surrounding
Jouzová, Miroslava ; Hlaváček, Ivan (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee) ; Ryantová, Marie (referee)
The work gives a detailed presentation about occurrence of manuscripts as well as printed books and libraries in Kolín and its surrounding since the establishment of the town until the 18th century, if records about them were preserved, or they exist till now. Only a few records concerning the library culture were preserved from the early history of Kolín. Manuscripts were found in Dominican Monastery. Despite the first mentioning of separate books only in the 14th century, we may assume them already earlier - it concerns mainly donations of books to some altars of the Saint. Bartholomew's Church in Kolín. Richer occurrence is only recorded in the 16th century when we already have quotations of specific book titles in the records of Kolín burghers, or their private libraries are mentioned here. At his time books are not only copied in Kolín but also written; authors are burghers or local dean. 17th century then brings a message about a library on the Kolín presbytery, private libraries of Kolín deans and libraries of newly established monasteries in Kolín and Zásmuky. 18th century is not abundant in records about libraries because a book becomes an expensive property, its value goes down and records of Kolín burghers include descriptions of the library only rarely.
|
|
Systém říčních ramen a aluviálních tůní vysoké Arktidy
Elster, Josef
During last ten years the ecology of shallow streams, rivers and poolsin newly deglaciated areas of the High Arctic (Ellesmere Island - CanadianArctic, Svalbard - Norwegian Arctic archipelago) and the Antarctica (KingGeorge Island, South Shetland) was studied. Cyanobacteria and eukaryoticalgae, frequently produce visible biomass and, play an important role inthese biocenoses.At the end of glacial period (about 18 thousand years ago) the area ofthe Czech Republic was surrounded by glaciers (from north - the continentalglaciation, and from the south - the Alpine glaciation). The north and thesouth glacial masses strongly influenced the ecosystem of this area, and canbe compared with the polar areas which are, at present time, influenced byclimate change.The ecology of alluvial pools discussed on the conference were and, innear future, has to be compared with results which are available from theshallow wetland ecosystem of polar regions.
|
|
The role of mass-loss in dynamics of spiral galaxies
Jungwiert, Bruno ; Combes, F. ; Palouš, Jan
A new N-body sticky-particles computer code for spiral galaxies is presented. The substantial improvement over existing models is the scheme for the bi-directional mass exchange between gas and stars: the cosumption of the former by star formation is taken into account by locking aq fraction of gas in newly created stars while the mass-loss from stars via stellar winds and supernova explosions is implemented as time dependent over the Hubble time.
|
|
Newly Found romanesque madonna of Sedes sapientiae type coming from a czech private collection with elements of west european fine arts tradition
Hradilová, J. ; Hradil, David ; Fogaš, I. ; Zmydlená, M.
On the basis of material research, the oldest preserved polychrome carving of Madonna of Sedes sapientiae type was dated using radiocarbon method 14C to the interval of 990 – 1180. During the non-destructive research, we could observe its inner structure on the CT scans and a careful sampling enabled us to determine the technological features typical for this outstanding polychromy. These features comprise, above all, the oldest siliceous ground of specific composition, which had a practical relevance. The coloured, or only coarse-grained lower ground layer, served as a check for the depth of polish of the upper white ground – the treatment, which should result in the same thickness of the ground on all places of the uneven surface. The origin of Madonna of Sedes sapientiae type can be assigned to workshops drawing on Western-European traditions.
|
guest ::
