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Good concept at classical greek philosophy and literature
Fleischerová, Andrea ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The matter of the Good in classical Greek philosophy and literature is so important and extensive that it can hardly be covered in one document. Therefore the aim of the first part of the thesis is to express both fundamental context and critical attitude towards the concept of the Good in the philosophy of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. The second part provides a coherent perspective on the development of archaic literature in terms of forming the idea of gods, virtues, good and evil in classical Greek epic and tragedy. Theoretical basis of the thesis relies on the studies of important philosophers, literature historians, religionists and mythologists, whose views are connected systematically or outlined comparatively in corresponding chapters. Both main parts of the thesis are divided into chapters which follow in logical sequence. The thesis is theoretical and corresponds to the assigned topic.
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Friendship as a virtue in classical greek philosophy and ethics
Grospičová, Simona ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
TITLE: Friendship as a Virtue in Classical Greek Philosophy and Ethics AUTHOR: Simona Grospičová DEPARTMENT: Social Sciences and Philosophy Department SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Miloslava Blažková, CSc. ABSTRACT: This work analyses friendship, in Greek philia, as a virtue in Classical Greek philosophy and ethics. The study concentrates on works concerning friendship of two most significant authors of the stated period Plato and Aristotle. Friendship is examined not only as a separated theme but also as a part of Plato's erotology and then Plato's and Aristotle's study of politics. The aim of this work is to find through analysis of Plato's and Aristotle's conception of friendship an answer to the question how is friendship perceived as a virtue in Classical Greek philosophy and ethics. Furthermore, the work endeavours to prove that friendship should belong to the centre of ethical reflections and should not be shifted to their margin. There are mentioned opinions on the issues of friendship of authors of 20th and 21st century, whose works were published in Czech or English language. It comes out that in Greek philosophy and ethics friendship is an important value which relates to all people without exception and affects the life of individual as well as the entire society as a whole. KEYWORDS: virtue, friendship,...
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Care of the Soul
Horáková, Hana ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Prázný, Aleš (referee)
Annotation: This bachelor's thesis is engaged in care of the soul as a task and possibility for a person who tries not only to cultivate and educate themselves, but also to be good - as a good and just citizen who contributes by good lives of all people around them through reciprocity and responsibility for human souls. And mainly those who try to be good and focus on true ideas and try to live authentic life of enhanced being in truth, justice and especially good. All people hold this wonderful possibility in their hands and it is only up to them which way they choose.
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Arts And Language In The Early Work Of Friedrich Nietzsche
Kvapil, Matouš ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Chavalka, Jakub (referee)
KVAPIL, M.: Arts And Language In The Early Work Of Friedrich Nietzsche. (Master thesis) Charles University In Prague, Faculty Of Humanities, Department Of Europhilosophy. Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Aleš Novák, Ph.D. This work aims to examine the early philosophical and esthetical concept of Friedrich Nietzsche, which is elaborated in his first published work The Birth of Tragedy from the spirit of Music (Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik, 1872). This concept, based on a mutual tension between the Apollonian and Dionysian, will be examined mostly from the perspective of a significant "struggle" of Dionysus and Socrates. Its manifestation is first apparent as a contradiction between theoretical and tragical world understanding or a contradiction between optimism of science and pessimism of arts. The work will mostly focus on the origin of the theoretical optimism, which is coming from the human "will to truth". Its archetype is represented in Nietzsche's early philosophy by Socrates. The problem, which comes to light with this struggle of Dionysus and Socrates, will necessarly lead the work to examine Nietzsche's critique of cognition led by the metaphysical understanding of the term "truth". The basis of this critique lies in the metaphorical character of language and human cognition in...
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Good in the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle
TOMÁŠKOVÁ, Kateřina
The present thesis deals with the question of goodness in ethical thinking of Plato and Aristotle. The work aims to answer two research questions: How did Plato and Aristotle perceive the essence of goodness in human life? What are we supposed to do in order to accomplish human well-being? The first chapter contains a brief summary of ethical ideas of both philosophers. In the following chapters their concepts of areté, soul and goodness are analysed and compared. The comparison supports the fact that both Plato and Aristotle basically agreed on the essence of human goodness. They consider it the sole criterion of human well-being, both of them connect it with moral values and argue that it can be only achived through life in accordance with the virtues. On the other hand, Plato and Aristotle differ from each other in the way how can be such human goodness and well-being achieved. Aristotle's views based on the ethical issues, however, can not be perceived as totally different from those of Plato, but rather as a further elaboration and supplement of his ideas and opinions.
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Education for virtues as a legacy of ancient philosophers
BUDÍNOVÁ, Soňa
This work deals with education for virtues in Ancient Greece and Rome and is looking for common elements that can be traced in current educational practice as a reference to this education. It focuses on several important philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Seneca and Quintilianus. It examines the virtues which were considered to be the most important, how one can reach them and if they can be learned. The final chapter describes how the antique education for virtue influenced the contemporary Czech education, particularly in the General educational programme for basic education and General educational programme for high schools.
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Xenophon?s education in the ancient world
LUZAR, Kamil
The bachelor work deals with the education in the ancient world, more precisely with the education in the ancient Greece in the period from 428 ? 354 before J.C. It also describes different stages of City states, including chronological events. In that era, the work follows the ancient writer Xenophon from Athens where it describes Xenophon?s life, performances and his work analysis. The work deals also with Socrates?s life and work and describes the his relation to Xenophon.
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Vědění a neznalost v Platónově dialogu Theaitétos
Chvatík, Ivan
The paper examines what is the message of Plato's dialogue Theaitetus. It interprets the Socrates' midwifery as an allegory of Platonic dialectic; explains the hermeneutic character of the dialogue; depicts the structure of the genesis of knowledge; argues that the refutation of Protagoras' thesis "homo – mensura" turns out to be its endorsement; and shows that knowledge proper is possible only in mathematics.
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Why Barbarians don't have Headaches. The structure of early dialogues and the sense of the apories in Charmides
Boháček, Kryštof
Author suggests to solve the problem of the compatibility of the apories in Charmides with Plato's theory of knowledge. The proposed solution consists in formal inquiry of the dialogue's structure. In the first step, Boháček compares the way of argumentation as well as dramatic structure of Charmides with "small Socratic" dialogues as Ion; Charmides proves to be completely different. The second step consists in Boháček’s own analysis of the common structure of the "transitive" dialogues represented by Lysis and Protagoras. In this group, Socrates converses with two paradigmatic partners: the weaker potential pupil and the stronger one, who stands for an authority and potential teacher of the weaker partner. Socrates defeats the rival, but doesn't offer any positive knowledge to the weaker young partner; he stands only for personal example and offers practical guidance. Charmides is identified with this common scheme and classified as a typical transitive dialogue.
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Socrates as a new paideutic ideal: How to read the Hippias Minor
Hobza, Pavel
Plato's early dialogues are not theoretical treatises for their goal is primarily a practical one, namely, to influence the contemporary educational (paideutic) system. Since Achilles and Odysseus, who Socrates is speaking about, represented important paideutic examples or ideals, the aim of the dialogue is - at the symbolical level - to show Socrates as a new paideutic example or ideal.
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