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Influence of meadow management on the migration behavior of selected species of butterflies
Bubová, Terezie ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Farkač, Jan (referee)
Migrations are the key process and one of the basic biological features, which allow survival of endangered species in fragmented landscape. In the last decades, agriculture intensification, industry and urbanization caused that number of natural butterfly habitats has significantly decreased. The localities originally suitable for butterflies are currnetly converted to farmland or building plots. This PhD thesis aimed to find a compromise solution of meadow management, which should allow a commercial use and concurrently do not jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. The main idea of this study was in the intentional emigration causing in the middle of flight period, which should lead into resettlement of the population to another (potentially more suitable) locality. Possibility of aimed manipulation with butterfly emigrations would be considered as a major breakthrough in their protection.
The investigated species Phengaris nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) and Phengaris teleius (Bergsträsser, 1779) are both considered to be flagship species for protection of European butterflies at open meadows. This study is based on research, which was carried out in 2013-2015 at 17 patch in localities Dolní Labe, Czech Republic. In above mentioned years, one selected meadow was mowed in the middle of flight season and the emigrations were then monitored using mark-release-recapture method. Results of population and migration characteristics were calculated in MARK 8.1 software. Subsequently, the effect of mowing on emigration (comparison of emigrations from the meadow before and after mowing) was evaluated using Statistica 13.
The hypotheses of this study were based on the assumption, that the loss of resources after well-timed mowing should increase the activity of adult butterflies. During the monitoring, number of emigrations was increased only in flight season 2015. Unfortunately, the statistical evaluation did not show significant effect of mowing on migrations. On the other hand, the hypothesis dealing with colonization of nearest meadows was confirmed.
Effect of intentional emigration caused by management interventions was unfortunately not proved. However, we found out, that even though the population at one mowed meadow decreased clearly, the metapopulation size at the locality remained more or less stable.
At investigated (mowed) meadow, there was observed a sharp decline of P. nausithous abundance. On the other hand, P. teleius population was only slightly reduced. It is therefore conceivable, that P. teleius are not as susceptible to innapropriate term of mowing. The results obtained in our research conclusively displayed no possible positive effect of mowing in the middle of flight season and a necessity of suitable management maintenance at localities inhabited by Phengaris butterflies.
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Josef Šír - teacher, writer and painter
Hynková, Lenka ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee) ; Váňová, Růžena (advisor)
Diploma thesis in the field of history of pedagogy deals with a versatile personality of a Czech teacher, writer and a painter Josef ŠÍR. His, not only professional, life is connected with a few places within the region of the Krkonoše Mountains and nearby Podkrkonoší. Specific character of the locality which can be described as beautiful, but harsh influenced people living there, including Josef ŠÍR, too. All the features mentioned above became the core source of his artistic inspiration. To show ŠÍR's significance, it was inevitable to describe regional situation at the turn of the last century with the focus on depicting very hard conditions of Czech teachers at that time. The life of Josef ŠÍR is given briefly including all the stages from his childhood to his very end. As it was in ŠÍR's life, this work follows the two main streams: his personal opinions and experience from the field of pedagogy as well as his works of literature. Next to this, the thesis also does not forget to provide basic information about marginal fields of his activity and interest, which proves ŠÍR to be a person of complexity and broad view. His conduct was accompanied with strenght of mind and also humanity, which was a basic feature of his character. The thesis, which is taken as a tribute to one of author's predecessors, is...
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Provision of alternative refuse collection for a real estate surrounded by foreign property
Kvapil, Radek ; Štindl, Michal (referee) ; Klika, Pavel (advisor)
The thesis deals with possible ways of drainage and wastewater disposal. The issue of wastewater discharge to the environment has been closely monitored in recent years, and there is an apparent effort to improve the current situation.The dissertation discusses and compares three selected options – access to improved sanitation, building reservoirs and domestic wastewater treatment plant.The final section is dedicated to a comparison of acquisition and operating costs over time and to subsequent evaluation of the most suitable option. For the sake of clarity and assessment of potential solutions, the locality in the administrative area Vysoké Mýto - Domoradice has been selected as a model. The local authorities have been designing a public storm sewer, and given that it is surrounded by land, this issue will need to be addressed.
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Franz Josef Strauss: biography
Kaucký, Lukáš ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Nálevka, Vladimír (advisor)
Franz Josef Strauss was a German politician (CSU) and long-time ministerpresident of the state of Bavaria. Born in Munich as the second child of a butcher, Strauss studied German letters, history and economics at the University of Munich from 1935 to 1939. In World War II, he served in the German Wehrmacht on the Western and Eastern Fronts. While on furlough, he passed the German state exams to become a teacher. After suffering from severe frostbite on the Eastern Front at the end of 1942, he served as an Offizier für wehrgeistige Führung (political officer) at the antiaircraft artillery school in Altenstadt, near Schongau. He held the rank of Oberleutnant at the end of the war. After the war, he was appointed deputy Landrat (county president) of Schongau by the American occupiers and was involved in founding the local party organization of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU). He became a member of the first Bundestag (Federal Parliament) in 1949 and, in 1953, Federal Minister for Special Affairs in the second cabinet of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, in 1955 Federal Minister of Nuclear Energy, and in 1956 defence minister, charged with the build-up of the new Bundeswehr the youngest man to hold this office at the time. He became chairman of the CSU in 1961. Strauss was forced to step down as defence...
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HUMAN ACTION RECOGNITION IN VIDEO
Řezníček, Ivo ; Baláž, Teodor (referee) ; Sojka, Eduard (referee) ; Zemčík, Pavel (advisor)
Tato disertační práce se zabývá vylepšením systémů pro rozpoznávání činností člověka. Současný stav vědění v této oblasti jest prezentován. Toto zahrnuje způsoby získávání digitálních obrazů a videí společně se způsoby reprezentace těchto entit za použití počítače. Dále jest prezentováno jak jsou použity extraktory příznakových vektorů a extraktory pros- torově-časových příznakových vektorů a způsoby přípravy těchto dat pro další zpracování. Příkladem následného zpracování jsou klasifikační metody. Pro zpracování se obecně obvykle používají části videa s proměnlivou délkou. Hlavní přínos této práce je vyřčená hypotéza o optimální délce analýzy video sekvence, kdy kvalita řešení je porovnatelná s řešením bez restrikce délky videosekvence. Algoritmus pro ověření této hypotézy jest navržen, implementován a otestován. Hypotéza byla experimentálně ověřena za použití tohoto algoritmu. Při hledání optimální délky bylo též dosaženo jistého zlepšení kvality klasifikace. Experimenty, výsledky a budoucí využití této práce jsou taktéž prezentovány.
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Multimedia Data Processing in Heterogeneous Distributed Environment
Kajan, Rudolf ; Ferko,, Andrej (referee) ; Míkovec, Zdeněk (referee) ; Herout, Adam (advisor)
Pervasive computing sa zameriava odstránenie zložitostí pri interakcii s výpočtovou technikou a zvýšenie efektivity pri jej každodennom používaní. Ale i po viac ako 15 rokoch od sformulovania hlavných cieľov Pervasive computingu existujú aspekty interakcie ktoré stále nie sú súčasťou užívateľskej skúsenosti s dnešnou technológiou. Bezproblémová integrácia s prostredím vedúca k technologickej neviditeľnosti, alebo interakcia naprieč rôznymi zariadeniami predstavujú stále veľkú výzvu. Hlavným cieľom tejto práce je prispieť k tomu, aby sa ciele Pervasive computingu priblížili k realizovaniu tým, že predstavíme spôsob intuitívneho zdieľania informácií medzi osobným a verejne umiestneným zariadením. Predstavili sme tri interakčné techniky, ktoré podporujú intuitívnu výmenu obsahu medzi osobným zariadením a zdieľaným displejom. Tieto techniky sú založené na prenose videa, rozšírenej realite a analýze pohľadových dát. Okrem interakčných techník sme tiež predstavili mechanizmus pre získavanie, prenos a rekonštrukciu aplikačného stavu na cieľovom zariadení.
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Analysis of solar cell surface features
Lipr, Tomáš ; Macků, Robert (referee) ; Škarvada, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the study of electrical and optical properties of solar cell samples using the near field optical microscope. Process of the image formation is described. Artefacts which are presented on some of topography images are described, too. There are some timing problems with measuring of the sample local electric response. If the measuring and scanning devices are not in the time synchronization there will be some difficulties with measured data representation and 2D image offline formation. Created electronic for SNOM and measuring devices synchronization is presented.
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Architect Bernhard Grueber (1806-1882)
Laštovičková, Věra ; Horyna, Martin (referee) ; Vybíral, Jindřich (advisor)
Bernhard Grueber (1806-1882) was invited to Prague in 1845 to become professor of Architecture at the local Academy of Arts. Being an experienced Bavarian architect from Munich, from the art centre of those times, he was expected to establish a high-quality school of architecture. This school had been founded not long before and his task was to bring up a new generation of creative personalities. Munich romanticism was supposed to become an alternative to Austrian state utilitarianism. Grueber was expected to enhance the vernacular architecture to the position of real art. But the conditions did not incline towards that. After the revolution of 1848 the emancipated Bohemian national movement did not support the production of the German artist. The task to revive vernacular art was entrusted to Bohemian artists. Neither German romanticism was found worth succession. And what more, Grueber provoked emotions of the Czech National Revival supporters with his art-historian works, where he emphasizes the common dependence of Czech art on German models. At the end he had to return to his native Bavaria in 1873. But paradoxically the young generation of architects of the end of 19th century, in their effort of finding the new true national style, drew from the same ideological source as the cursed architect: from...
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Remediation of former In-Situ uranium mining region.
Kříž, Jakub ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
Remediation process of region, formally exploited for chemical leaching of uranium, is based on pumping water contaminated mostly by residuals of sulfuric acid from the relevant geological horizons. The contaminated water is then treated in a chemical plant. In the treatment process evaporators play the key role. Presently operating evaporators – three units – are of falling film type. Heating service is provided by compressed vapor that is generated by evaporators. For driving the compressors and associated circulating pumps of each unit electric power of 3,4 MW is required. In the evaporators treated solution is distributed into individual tubes by nozzles of cyclone type that are mounted at the top end of tubes. In the evaporators feed solution contains calcium sulfide of low concentration. Once the calcium sulfide concentration in the evaporating process reaches the state of saturation, even locally, fouling is initiated. Thus the solids start to grow on the inner surface of the tube wall and the nozzle’s openings become restricted. The evaporator performance – evaporating rate – gradually declines and when it reaches the bottom limit the evaporator has to be shut down. This is followed by carrying out the cleaning procedure. At the time when the evaporators started operating (1996) the period between shut downs lasted around a half a year. However, gradually, this period has become substantially shorter – presently it may even last one week only. The thesis proposes two ways of approaching the present hardly acceptable state. First, replacement of distributing nozzles by a set of properly perforated sieve trays secures the uniform distribution of solution into each individual tube. Second, evaporators’ duty will be taken over by newly build multi-flash concentrator that will substitute the presently operating evaporators. Configuration of this new equipment is derived from widely used multi-flash distillation of sea water. Heat required by the concentrator’s end heaters is drawn from a gas turbine exhaust gas. Steam provided by Heat Recovery Steam Generator is supplied to the condensing heat exchangers installed on the evaporator’s feed stream. Generator coupled to the gas turbine, fueled by natural gas, provides the electric power of 30 MW for export.
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