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Gastrointestinal nematodes in wild ruminants from Czech Republic
Heinclová, Pavla ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Vynikalová, Lucie (referee)
This study is focused on the occurrence of gastrointestinal nematodes in cervids in the Czech Republic. The aim of the study was to determine the species composition of gastrointestinal nematodes of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) . Research on presence of parasites in the digestive tract of roe deer and falow deer was done by using autopsy which was performed in the laboratory of the Department of Zoology and Fisheries FAPPZ CULS Prague according to K. I. Skrjabin.
Autopsy material was extracted from small intestine of the captured pieces during the years 2009 - 2014. Research was done on 15 deer coming from Central Bohemia, Ústí and Liberec region. For determination were used microscope and determination key. Among determination characteristics determined in females include overall length of the body width, shape and size of the vulva, the presence of flaps, vulva distance from the anus, the shape of the end of the body. Males observed features: overall length, size and shape of spicules, gubernaculum.
Among the common features observed included the formation of the pharynx and oral capsule. Each of the nematode was measured and incorporated into species and genera. Result shows nematodes: Trichostrongylus capricola, Nematodirus fillicolis venulosum and Oesophagostomum, Cooperia pectinata and subsequently evaluated prevalence.
From the results of the autopsy of the small intestine shows that the highest prevalence rate among deer and fallow deer reaches Trichostrongylus capricola (60 %) and Nematodirus filicollis (20 %). The lowest prevalence consistently achieve Oesophagostomum venulosum and Cooperia pectinata (6.7 %). The prevalence was consistent with studies carried out in other European countries. In comparison with studies in the Czech Republic with Trichostrongylus capricola was compared to another research from 2008 to decrease prevalence.
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Creating a strategic plan for the development of selected municipality
Kulíková, Milena ; Čermáková, Helena (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The object of this diploma work is to prepare documents for the strategic development plan of the selected municipality. Comprehensive development concept of the village is an important tool for achieving targets and effective management, because the village is then better utilized from human resources and also from tangible and intangible assets point of view. To determine priorities, wishes and demands of the inabitants was carried out a survey. The data were appraised with the use of internet application vyplňto.cz. Based on the situation analysis, socio-economic analysis and the results of the investigation were determined strategic areas, which will be crucial for the development and renewal of the village in the next 10 years. For each area was formulated SWOT analysis and with regard to the vision of the village have been designed for each strategic area the measures and specific projects that describe the problem sets and require special attention in further work in the village. A proposal of organizational development of the village, organisational structure, development indicators monitoring and updating development plan was determined. Based on the results it can be concluded that village acquired basic conceptual program document will be an important step towards the realization of sustainable development.
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Teaching Syntax to Lower Junior Secondary School Pupils between the years 1918-1939
Novotná, Alena ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee) ; Kvapilová Brabcová, Radoslava (referee)
TITLE: Teaching Syntax to Lower Junior Secondary School Pupils between the years 1918−1939 AUTHOR: PhDr. Alena Novotná DEPARTMENT: Czech Language Department SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Martina Šmejkalová, Ph. D. ABSTRACT: The thesis deals with teaching of syntax in language education at lower secondary schools between the years 1918−1939. It verifies to what extent the education was affected by social, pedagogical, didactic and linguistic factors. It analyzes the presentation of syntax in contemporary prescriptive grammar books, monitors how much syntax was implemented in the contemporary curriculum for lower secondary schools and it also focuses on the syntactic topics presented by methodological manuals for students of teaching and teachers. In particular, this thesis examines how the authors of the Czech Language textbooks, for lower secondary school pupils, presented the syntactic topics. The surveys have shown that syntax was, in this period, the focus of attention of: linguists, educationalists and methodists. Syntax was an integral part of language teaching and was properly presented in their textbooks. The surveys have shown that we can use many parts of these textbooks as high-quality sources of inspiration. KEYWORDS: Lower Secondary School, Curriculum, Methodological Manuals, Czech Language Textbooks...
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Dog Lyme Disease
Grittnerová, Erika ; Kubík, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vynikalová, Lucie (referee)
Lyme borreliosis is a multi-organ disease caused by spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group. These bacterias are transmitted by ticks of genus Ixodes, in the Czech Republic by Ixodes ricinus. The main reservoirs including the ticks are rodents, insectivores and deers. Lyme disease is the most diagnosed infection transmitted by ticks in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. It is supposed that due to climate change in recent years it will appear more often. In the Czech Republic it is reported 3500 to 4000 cases per year in recent years. The greatest risk of infection is in deciduous and mixed forests, dense and tall vegetation and at locations along watercourses. Borrelia gets into the host body with a saliva of the tick and spreads through blood or lymph to target organs such as the nervous system, joints, myocardium, skeletal muscles, eyes and skin. In dogs the lyme disease manifests usually asymptomatically or by non-specific symptoms that can simulate a variety of other diseases. The most common clinical signs are lameness, fever, joint and muscle pains, lethargy, loss of appetite and swollen lymph nodes. Diagnosis of the lyme borreliosis is relatively complicated and it is based on an assessment of clinical signs, epidemiological history and laboratory tests. For detection of borrelia in the organism it is used direct or indirect methods. The most commonly used direct method is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that examines the presence of borrelia DNA in a sample. Indirect methods examine the presence of specific antibodies in a blood serum. Combination of ELISA test and Western blot seems to be the most reliable of them. Treatment consist in antibiotic therapy for several weeks. The basis of prevention is early removal of tick and measures to prevent its bite. These measures consist in using various acaricidal preparations. Currently for dogs it is available vaccine that however is not included in the basic vaccination schema.
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Change trajectories of wetlands in the landscape of lowlands and uplands in the Czech Republic
Richter, Pavel ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Dagmar, Dagmar (referee)
Wetland habitats are of great multifunctional importance in landscape. In particular, they have the capacity to retain water during its surplus and then in the dry season to release the water. In this work the dynamics of change in wetlands coverage was analyzed, including the representation structure of different categories of wetlands over the past 180 years in the landscape of lowlands and uplands in the Czech Republic. The historical maps of Stable Cadastre, current orthophoto and current GIS layers of localization and classification of different types of land use/cover and landscape types were used as data sources. The area of wetlands has dramatically decreased from 5 762 hectares in the period 1825-1843 (more than 9.5 % of the area) to 54 hectares in 2014 (0.9 %). Based on the study of available documents three types of wetland habitats were classified: wet meadows, wet meadows with trees and swamps . Although, the most of the historic wetlands were constituted of wet meadows (89 %) these days the swamps (48 %) form the largest part of the wetlands. Half of the historic wetlands were transformed to arable land because of increasing production of agriculture. According to the evaluation of monitored changes by predictors it was found that more pressure on the degradation of wetlands was in the areas with more suitable climatic conditions for agriculture (e.g. The Danube basin, Moravia, soil types in the lowlands, Corn agricultural production area etc.). In these areas the swamps were formed as new wetlands in places of historical watercourses localization more significantly than elsewhere in monitored area. The aim of this work was also to describe the main driving forces and pressures that have influenced the changes in wetlands. The outcome of the paper can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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Technology in potato cultivation aimed at efficient use of nitrogen
Svobodová, Andrea ; Hamouz, Karel (advisor) ; Miroslav, Miroslav (referee)
Environmental-friendly technology of potato growing was studied in field trial plots on Valečov Research Station belonging to Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod between 2010 and 2014. The first part was focused on the effect of local application of mineral fertilizers on production yield and quality. The second part studied the effect of nitrogen fertilizer containing urease inhibitor (UREAstabil) compared to urea in increasing rates on yield and selected parameters of potato quality. In the first part of trials with liquid DAM 390, ammonium sulphate and urea the obtained results show that yield differences among selected fertilization variants were insignificant with certain tendency in favour of the variant with split nitrogen rate using DAM 390. For evaluated quality parameters no statistically significant differences among tested fertilization variants were recorded. In the second part of trials evaluating UREAstabil and urea applied at various rates during soil preparation prior to planting, applied rate had a higher effect on potato yields than nitrogen form. The results show that mutual comparison of urea and UREAstabil did not indicate any statistically significant yield differences.
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Economic impacts of financial results of the selected company
Tetourová, Šárka ; Toth, Daniel (advisor) ; Zdeněk, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis is focused on economic impacts of financial results of the manufacturer of staircases SWN Moravia s.r.o. Theoretical part of the thesis describes the whole basics, users and individual indicators of the financial analysis. There are also mentioned basics of the trend analysis and multivariate regression analysis. Practical part of the thesis successively describes selected indicators and their progress during the years 2010-2014. Mentioned are liquidity, leverage, profitability, activity ratios, debt indicators, bankruptcy models and credibility models. There are also described main changes during selected period of time. Results of the financial analysis are compared to chosen company with equivalent kind of business with intention to show how SWN Moravia stand on market during economic crisis. Data gain from financial analysis are source of data for regression analysis, which is used for modeling profit. In the end are information gained from the financial analysis summarized and several recommendations are proposed to improve financial results of the company. There is also outlined progression of the profit and evolution of company in the years to come.
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Assessment of changes in slope topography and soil depth redistribution in relation to different soil tillage technologies
Ureš, Jan ; Kumhálová, Jitka (advisor) ; Novák, Petr (referee)
Water, wind, or tillage-induced soil erosion can significantly degrade soil quality and decrease crop yield from farm fields. Traditionally, the research in soil erosion is mostly focused on water or wind erosion. Recent studies over last two decades, however, point to the importance of tillage operations as a source of soil translocation on hilly agricultural land. Tillage disturbs the soil not only vertically but also horizontally by throwing soil in the tillage direction.
This study was designed to assess the soil translocation effect in topsoil before and after 5 tillage operations by using three different practices, namely mouldboard ploughing (A), chisel plough (B), and disc harrow (C) in the Chernozems region at the Sardice (South Moravia, the Czech Republic).
The influence of different tillage practices on the changes in depth of topsoil was assessed through description of 37 shallow pits - 10 pits was digged out before the tillage operations and then other 27 pits after five tillage operations. The results of the soil survey are based on the evaluation of the stratigraphy of the soil profile where the potential loss of topsoil was determined by a change in transition between the dark Ac horizon and yellow loess Ck horizon and by the type of the transition. Shift of topsoil after five performed operations is in the range of 9-15 cm at the top position of concave-convex slope and 4-14 cm at the top of concave slope. From the results of the experiment are also apparent significant shifts across to each tillage practice (C to A), which are, however, more or less caused by the shape of the slope.
By creating and comparing the DEM for the conducted experiment I managed to learn that the largest transport of soil particles was caused by mouldboard plough. Transport of soil particles was larger in the vertical direction than in the horizontal and moved in the range
of -5 to +13 cm. When undermining by a chisel plough was a significant horizontal shift of soil particles to the sides in the range of -5 to +5 cm. The method of shallow tillage with a disc harrow showed a change of the relief in the horizontal direction also in the range of -5 to +5 cm.
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Historical demographic trends of the parish in Bzenec
Mrazík, Dalibor ; Slaboch, Martin (advisor) ; Alice, Alice (referee)
This master s thesis describes historical demographic trends in a small southern moravian town of Bzenec, which lies in a rich countryside of Lower Moravian ravine, mostly covered with vineyards. In this case, historical demographic trend means population and social evolution of this town. Main research is mostly pointed on statistics of births, marriages and deaths of Bzenec citizens, who were registered in a church registry books of births, marriages and deaths, which were run by the Bzenec parish. This thesis also researches a data of a total population evolution of people, who lived in Bzenec, as well as their professions and names and surnames of males and females. Main goal of the thesis was to make a little summery of a population trend between the years of 1850 and 2014 in the southern Moravia. Statistic of births describes the period of years 1855/1904, statistic of marriages describes years of 1883/1932 and statistic od deaths describes the era between years 1867/1916. All these data were framed with the total population evolution trends during the period of above mentioned 164 years, era of 1850/2014. Minor goal of the thesis was to make the town of Bzenec more known among people and to apprise the general public about church registry books and an (not only) archive researches, because this could increase researches and studies of history, which could (and the thesis-author wishes that) lead to the better understanding of our past. It is sad, that if we would like to understand the present times, we have to understand the past first.
Practical part of the thesis, mentioned above, is supported by its theorethical part, that talks mostly about the church registry books and the town of Bzenec, but also about the rituals connected to birth, marriage and death.
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Social exclusion and its economic and legal aspects
Čutíková, Kateřina ; Korcová, Renata (advisor) ; Civínová, Denisa (referee)
Social exclusion and its economic and legal aspects
Summary
The aim of this paper work was to evaluate the application of the laws concerning the impal of social exclusion of children and teenagers from special locations. The next drift was to map out the influence of the center Štěpán Trochta on one group of socially excluded children and teenagers from the housing quartem in Teplice Prosetice, which is known for high criminality of teenagers and big concentration of socially deprived people. The target was also to find out if it helps children to easily incorporate to school attendance, to get over difficulties and disadvantage caused by the background they live in.
Qualitative research as well as structured and half structured dialogue, observation and examination of documents was applied to this paper work. Analyzing all the facts led to summarize the results and their evaluation.
Social exclusion is a phenomena we pay more and more attention the last few years. The main priority is to solve the situation of children and teenagers who are socially excluded. If we don´t help them to improve their situation and we don´t influence thein behavior for future, they will automatically behave as their own parents and they will never extricate from the life in excluded environment. Otherwise these locations won´t be disolved, on the citrany there will be more of them. One of the possible solution is the establishment of new low cost centers and free time centers with connection of targeted complex assistance for families living in social excluded places. The research part of this paperwork mapped out the activities and the impal of these activities on inclusion of children and teenagers into every day life.
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