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Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: Causes and elimination strategies
Záhorová, Martina ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bartušková, Hana (referee)
The aim of this work is to highlight the issue of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. The first chapter focuses on poverty and its definition, classification and measurement. It also outlines the current situation of Sub-Saharan Africa. The second chapter defines the main causes of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa, including geographic, colonial heritage, internal political instability and socio-economic and demographic causes. The third chapter deals with international organizations such as the key player solving the problems of poverty. The attention is devoted to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and strategies of the World Bank, as two possible instruments for poverty reduction. The bachelor's thesis draws upon Czech and primaliry foreign Internet resources and books, especially the statistics, annual reports and databases of international institutions.
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World Bank Development Agenda With Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa
Lišková, Jana ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
World Bank Development Agenda With Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa Diploma thesis with subject World Bank Development Agenda With Focus on Sub-Ssaharan Africa is dividend into free main chapters. The first one deals with Sub-Saharan Africa as a development region. It briefly describes Africa's history and some of ecomomic and social characteristics, and also mentions main economic and social problems of the region. Second chapter concentrates on World Bank institution and the evolution of its development strategies since 1950s, in context with UN attitudes to development. Third charter looks into finance flows from World Bank to Subsaharan Africa since 1950s upto February 2012.
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Economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina since the beginning of 1990s
Baštářová, Tereza ; Němcová, Ingeborg (advisor) ; Řehořová, Veronika (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to show the civil war's impacts on economic situation in the country and to describe what conditions the war has made for the possibility of Bosnia and Herzegovina entering the European Union. The thesis deals with pre-war status and situation during the war in the country and with the follow-up participation of the World Bank and the European Union in the pre-war situation recovery. Furthermore it outlines the preparation of Bosnia and Herzegovina for graduated accession to the European Union including achievements and failures during realizing the stabilization and accession programs. In the end the thesis presents impacts of the world financial crisis and grey economy on economic situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Zahraniční zadluženost rozvojových zemí
Golková, Dagmar ; Adamcová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nováček, Jan (referee)
Vysoká zahraniční zadluženost je jedním z globálních problémů současnosti. Více než 20 let se pokoušejí mezinárodní finanční instituce, OSN, vlády nejvíce rozvinutých zemí, rozvojové země a nevládní organizace hledat řešení. Dluhové úlevy jsou poskytovány rozvojovým zemím ze tří hlavních zdrojů: HIPC iniciativou, Pařížským klubem a bilaterálními věřiteli mimo Pařížský klub. Mezinárodní měnový fond spolu s Světovou bankou zprostředkovává HIPC iniciativu. V práci jsou hodnoceny pokroky učiněné v rámci globálního problému zadluženosti, a to především v 90. letech 20. století. Tyto pokroky jsou předvedeny prostřednictvím změn situace v jednotlivých rozvojových regionech.
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The Influence of International Organizations on the Position of Developing Countries in Global Economy
Pitkina, Anastasiya ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to find out how developing countries are involved into the global economy, what are the differences in engagement of different regions, and how international organizations (in particular IMF, WB, WTO and UNCTAD) influence the position of developing countries. The thesis also aims to evaluate conditions and possible developmental strategies, as well as causes of unsuccessful engagement. Further, the critical view on functioning of international organizations is brought. The thesis is divided into two parts; each of them consists of four chapters. The first part as a whole deals with the differentiation among developing countries and ways they are involved into the world economy. The second part shows the role of international institutions in the process of integration of developing countries.
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Multilateral trade liberalisation at the beginning of the new millenium (international organizations` view)
Jusko, Radoslav ; Neumann, Pavel (advisor) ; Šaroch, Stanislav (referee) ; Kosír, Igor (referee) ; Sipko, Juraj (referee)
Multilateral trade negotiations are widely influenced by various forms of cooperation among countries and by international organizations. There is a wide spectrum of differences in cooperation between the Uruguay and the Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Multilateral forums of developed countries are not able to provide sufficient impetus for negotiations, views of developing countries must be considered. There are differences in formation of coalition of countries, which are more wide-spread and more influential, though mainly by setting the negotiations agenda. There has been even a shift in policies of multilateral organizations; their direct and indirect influence is more noticeable. Though financial crisis led to diversion from multilateral trade issues, changed some positions, since 2009 there are signals, that there might be a shift in negotiations leading to successful conclusion of the Doha negotiations.
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The Czech Republic in international organizations
BUČILOVÁ, Lenka
The bachelor thesis is focused on the cooperation of the Czech Republic with the selected business international organizations, the International Monetary Fund, World Bank Group, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and the World Trade Organization. The main objective was to determine the status and benefits of the Czech Republic in the framework of international organizations. As a secondary objective was set a brief introduction to international organizations, which is a member of the Czech Republic, identify the advantages and disadvantages of the Czech Republic from these international organizations.
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Rwanda: the solution to HIV/AIDS problem
Miškufová, Beáta ; Steinmetzová, Dana (advisor) ; Pavlík, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce Rwanda, located in Sub-Saharan Africa, as the country trying to reduce its dependence on foreign aid. The government, through various projects, fights against poverty and the related epidemics of malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS by improving the health care system. The current situation of HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world and in Rwanda is mentioned in the second chapter. Last chapter is devoted to a particular Multi-Sectoral HIV/AIDS Project financed by the World Bank, aimed to strengthen preventive measures and improve the care for infected or affected people by the epidemic in Rwanda.
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Efficiency in international funds for climate change
Husová, Kateřina ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ondřej (referee)
In years long negotiations on the new global climate change regime, financial support provided for adaptation and mitigation in developing countries have been one of the most contentious issues. Billions dollars are in questions annually, disbursed both by private investments, as well as substantially via public funds. The fundamental question resonating in the negotiations and elsewhere though is the issue of efficient delivery. Given the scale of resources, which should be mobilized and disbursed, given the current experience with inefficiencies in ODA, given the fact that existing climate change funds are now disbursing millions but not billions, the efficiency is really the key for success of future climate regime. Moreover, efficient delivery is a pre-condition for "preventing dangerous interference with climate change", which is the ultimate goal of climate change policy enshrined in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change envisages. It is a widespread belief that inefficiency in disbursing public funds remains at the recipient's side. This paper tries to approach the efficiency question at the case of the Global Environment Facility, the Kyoto Protocol Adaptation Fund and the World Bank Climate Investment Funds. It asks the question whether the existing funding mechanisms in climate change are set up optimally in order to disburse funds efficiently. When looking at their internal policies and guidelines, it focuses on the four leading questions -- how can funds be accessed, who decides, who and how implements and how are funds held accountable. It finds that there are major differences between the tree funds in how and by whom are priorities and objectives decided, what are the fund's requirements on recipients, and how does the fund control the efficiency of its spending. This paper brings an in-depth analysis of weak and strong policies in existing climate change funds with regard to efficient delivery.
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