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Assessing ecosystem services and the alternatives of their future development in UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
Harmáčková, Veronika Zuzana ; Vačkářová, Davina Elena (advisor) ; Cudlínová, Eva (referee) ; Pechanec, Vilém (referee)
The provision of ecosystem services within social-ecological systems is influenced by multiple environmental and anthropogenic driving forces, affecting natural ecosystems. At the same time, the capacity of ecosystems to concurrently provide different types of ecosystem services is inherently limited. Thus, ecosystem changes and their effect on ecosystem services have direct implications for human existence and well-being. The aim of this thesis is to present a modelling approach to assess regulating, provisioning and cultural ecosystem services and to quantify their potential trade-offs, illustrated by two case studies carried out in selected UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in the Czech Republic, Třeboň Basin Biosphere Reserve and Šumava Biosphere Reserve. Both of the selected case study areas are characterized by high levels of natural and cultural assets and challenges regarding future landscape management. In this study, first the social-ecological dynamics within the study areas was analysed by creating participative scenarios through collaboration with local stakeholders, eliciting their preferences regarding future landscape development to 2050. Second, the impact of the scenarios on ecosystem services and their trade-offs were assessed using a combination of spatially explicit models and...
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Scenarios of future EU-Britain defence cooperation
Boyanova, Pavlina ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kazharski, Aliaksei (referee)
Reference BOYANOVA, Pavlina. Scenarios of Future EU-Britain Defence Cooperation. Prague, 2020. Master's thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Security Studies. Abstract Brexit day may have passed, but we know too little about what form the future relationship between the EU and the UK will assume. This thesis explores several scenarios for an EU-Britain cooperation post-Brexit, focusing in particular on the partnership in defence policy. It considers defence cooperation (1) within the EU defence framework, (2) relations within the NATO framework, (3) structured cooperation outside the EU framework and the NATO framework, (4) bilateral ties between the UK and EU member states and (5) non-cooperation. The author combines analytic eclectism with a qualitative interpretative research design to evaluate each scenario against a series of theoretically-informed empirical expectations regarding governments' decisions to pursue defence jointly. It puts forward a theoretical framework that includes factors, such as strategic culture, foreign-political postures and attitudes towards European integration as potential explanations for the post- Brexit dynamics of defence cooperation. Keywords Brexit, Britain, European Union, defence, cooperation, scenarios
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Using the Software Tools for Teamwork at School
Slabý, Jiří ; Vaňková, Petra (advisor) ; Leipert, Jiří (referee)
TITLE: Use of Software Tools for Teamwork at School AUTHOR: Jiří Slabý DEPARTMENT: Department of Information Technology and Education SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Petra Vaňková, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The work is focused on software tools for teamwork including comparison and deployment in a pilot solution in a particular high school. By conducting searches in literature and Internet resources related to the given topic, basic concepts related to teamwork are described and activities that take place within the scope of teamwork are outlined. Software tools for teamwork are analyzed, suitable selection criteria and their weights are set, and a comparison of selected software tools is performed using multiple-criteria analysis. The aim is to choose a suitable tool for teamwork and to propose its use in a particular school. Based on the results of the comparison, the Microsoft Teams team collaboration tool is selected and deployed because it matches the needs of a particular school in the best way. The benefit of this work is an overview and comparison of tools that enable teamwork and communication; the proposed scenarios and practical use of software team tools at school are beneficial, too. Another benefit of the work lies in describing how to deploy the selected Microsoft Teams tool. The thesis work summarizes...
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Cílové charakteristiky krajiny obce Vědomice a okolí
Moučková, Tereza
The thesis is focused on the European Landscape Convention's implementation in landscape planning and then the process of determination the target landscape characteristics in cooperation with the public. At the same time, the issues of participatory planning and its involvement in the planning processes are discussed. The cadastral territory of the villages of Vědomice and Černěves was chosen as the model territory. The practical part concentrates on processing the landscape analysis of the territory. The next step is determining the characteristics of the landscape in cooperation with the public. On the basis of a specified analysis, specific values, problems and conflicts in the territory are set, representing the basis for establishing the alternative scenarios of the landscape development and the subsequent design of the target characteristics of the landscape. The public is actively involved in the process of selecting the alternative scenarios and in the subsequent design of the target characteristics of the landscape, with the respect to their wishes and requirements The result of the processing is the design of the target characteristics of the landscape, which conceptually leads to a balanced, harmonious landscape that is habitable for the local residents with sustainable development of the landscape. Furthermore, the design of landscaping follows, solving the problems and values in the landscape. The resulting design of the target characteristics and associated landscaping addresses the territory sensitively. Cultural and historical values are restored, the permeability of the landscape is developed and the visible landmarks of the landscape are reestablished. The share of grassland is increased and large blocks of arable land are divided by interactive elements, consisting of groves, baulks and fruit alleys which restore the original character of the landscape of the Elbe river valley. The whole design is a result of mutual blending of an expert assessment and the views and demands of the local residents.
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Russian bear over the abyss? Scenarios of Russian Development and their Geopolitical Implitations
Štěpánek, Matěj ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
Future development of the Russian Federation is one of the main topics of international relations and geopolitics. Development trajectory of such an important geostrategic actor affects dynamics of international system. Today, because of its structural problems, the "Russian Bear" is situated over the imaginary abyss. The main goal of this thesis is therefore to predict Russia's future development by key drivers from demographic and economic theories. An important part of the text is a specification of broad implications of this development for the future of the European Union and international system. The first chapter of the thesis is to introduce principles for building scenarios to a reader. Theoretical chapters number two and three describe the influence of specific key drivers upon the country's development. Chapter number four defines the contemporary stage of Russia and also reveals its current structural problems. Key chapter, the fifth one, offers six possible scenarios of Russia's future development. Final implications in the sixth chapter propose that negative development of Russia can lead to desintegration of the EU, while positive development makes international system less secure.
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Assessing ecosystem services and the alternatives of their future development in UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
Harmáčková, Veronika Zuzana ; Vačkářová, Davina Elena (advisor) ; Cudlínová, Eva (referee) ; Pechanec, Vilém (referee)
The provision of ecosystem services within social-ecological systems is influenced by multiple environmental and anthropogenic driving forces, affecting natural ecosystems. At the same time, the capacity of ecosystems to concurrently provide different types of ecosystem services is inherently limited. Thus, ecosystem changes and their effect on ecosystem services have direct implications for human existence and well-being. The aim of this thesis is to present a modelling approach to assess regulating, provisioning and cultural ecosystem services and to quantify their potential trade-offs, illustrated by two case studies carried out in selected UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in the Czech Republic, Třeboň Basin Biosphere Reserve and Šumava Biosphere Reserve. Both of the selected case study areas are characterized by high levels of natural and cultural assets and challenges regarding future landscape management. In this study, first the social-ecological dynamics within the study areas was analysed by creating participative scenarios through collaboration with local stakeholders, eliciting their preferences regarding future landscape development to 2050. Second, the impact of the scenarios on ecosystem services and their trade-offs were assessed using a combination of spatially explicit models and...
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Scenarios of future development of Manětínsko
Vaňková, Petra ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Havránek, Miroslav (referee)
Thesis is focused on one specific territory - Manětínsko and deals with the possibility of creating credible scenarios of its future development. Although our future will always remain hidden is important to consider its direction that we can expect, especially in today's world, where nature and environment are endangered on a global scale. Human society also stands on fragile basis/foundations and must face the economic and other crises. Therefore, it is important to think ahead about possible future development at all levels (local, regional and global) and to try to avoid events that could threaten the overall development/ the development progress. Scenarios are also an important tool for strategic planning and can offer different options for actions and decision making. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals primarily with the selected location itself and its most important characteristics. This part is an important basis for the empirical part, which besides other things is based on data obtained from interviews with selected respondents. Outline of these interviews arose on this theoretical basis. It was the 12 interviews that aimed to identify major problems and opportunities of Manětínsko, which will play role in the future development of the...
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Scenario generation by the moment fitting method
Koláčková, Hana ; Dupačová, Jitka (advisor) ; Branda, Martin (referee)
The thesis presents four methods for scenario generating leading to the resulting discrete probability distribution that replicates given values of the moments. The first method uses heuristic algorithm, the second method generates by symmetrically distributing values around the mean value, the third one is based on solving the system of nonlinear equations and finally the last method is based on goal programming. Next section describes the nature of problems solved by the goal programming. It also details possible ways of parameter specification to allow control of the computational complexity. In the last part of the thesis the results of several suitable methods for chosen types of problem are compared. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Risk management of savings accounts
Džmuráňová, Hana ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Lebovič, Michal (referee)
This thesis deals with the risk management of savings accounts. Savings accounts are non- maturing liabilities bearing two embedded options. The first option is the client's right to withdraw deposits on notice. The second option is a bank's right to change the deposit rate on savings accounts whenever it wishes. This in practice means that a fierce competition may arise as banks can quickly react to competitor's change in the deposit rate. The embedded characteristics make the risk management of savings accounts challenging. We identify five key risks of savings accounts: liquidity risk, market risk (interest rate risk), systemic risk, reputational risk, and model risk. The thesis focuses on the interest rate risk and the method of replicating portfolios, which is a standard technique of the estimation of non-maturing liabilities' interest rate risk employed by banks. Using replicating portfolio approach, we derive that savings accounts are risky liabilities. We provide evidence that high deposit rates offered on numerous savings accounts in the Czech Republic have not been consistent with low market rates since January 2012, at least. We show that unsustainable deposit rates combined with competition among banks will lead to capital losses in some banks when market rates increase. JEL...
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