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Psychiatry, mental illness and culture
Müller, Matyáš ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Fulka, Josef (referee)
The aim of the dissertation is to treat psychiatry and mental illness from the anthropological point of view. The topic is treated at three levels. First, I describe psychiatry as a specific culture's product, and I explore how it constitutes itself as an unbiased science. I conclude that in spite of developing its scientific aspect, its human-science aspect is neglected, stuck in the 19th century's paradigm of evolutionism. Although there is a number of sources of a new less scientistic and ethnocentric and more reflexive paradigm nowadays, it still seems to be more a vision than reality due to the institutional toughness of the present paradigm. Second, I study "mental illness" as an abstract concept. I ask if the Western psychiatry's classification is universal and I explore various culturally specific forms of mental illness and its conceptualizations. Third, partially grounded in my fieldwork, I ask how abstract psychiatric terminology is embodied in a concrete human being and how the sufferer's point of view differs from the one of the professional in the mental health care. The dissertation intends to show that despite all the three levels being interlocked, their unity is not self-evident but is always constructed and contested.
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Surrealism of the "Écrits Bruts": Comparison of André Breton's and Jeanne Tripier's Poetics of Madness
Jonczyová, Michaela ; Jirsa, Tomáš (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
This dissertation is focused on phenomenon of madness in French surrealism and genre called "écrits bruts". The main theme is confrontation of surrealism aesthetics madness with written production of psychotic and mostly schizophrenic patients. The primary outcome is presented by analysis and interpretation of two chosen literary works, which are collection of experimental poetry by André Breton and Paul Éluard called L'Immaculée conception (Immaculate Conception, 1930) and diary entries, known as Premier Cahier: de l'ordre des messages, mai 1935, written by one of the most significant French women representatives Jeanne Tripier,. The aim of this analysis is on one hand to identify and characterize forms through which simulated and "real" madness in texts presented are, and on the other hand to describe its poetic function. The methodology part is based on structural and genre analysis of both aforementioned movements and moreover is formed on outcomes of the phenomenologically oriented psychiatry and psychoanalysis.
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System - Stigmatization of Psychically Disordered
Bodnár, Jan ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Karlová, Irena (referee)
Diploma thesis "System - Stigmatization of Psychically Disordered" aims the analysis of the system - stigmatization after the year 1989. As a part of the research tasks some fields related to the psychiatrical treatment/care reform in Czech Republic are discussed. Among the most important fields of disputation lie the general prerequisites of the system - stigmatization sequencing the present system of the treatment/care, the principles of the persisting psychiatrical treatment/care system that emphasizes psychiatrical institutions such as mental homes or the specific interests and acts of the people involved in compared to declared sponsions that were published in the strategical documents. As a solution by the working the problem out the people involved analysis, analysis of the legal frame and relevant strategical documents analysis. The koncept System - stigmatization is, for the purpose of that thesis, understood as an origin and a development of the stigmatization - mechanism that originated in the system of psychiatrical treatment/care and psychiatric institutions. Understood in that way, the stigmatization can be characterized as complicated web of determinants having deep history - based roots. It is also related to development of the specific culture in a way. The diploma thesis specifies...
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The importance of the involvement of general practitioners in a multidisiplinarity approach to their clients within the psychiatric care reform in Pilsen region.
Křemenáková, Jitka ; Povolná, Pavla (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis addresses the ongoing reform of psychiatric care in the Czech Republic. The primary pillars of reform are presented here and all projects through which individual steps of reform are implemented are elaborated in detail. There are four projects from the Czech Republic Ministry of Health: Deinstitutionalization of inpatient psychiatric facilities; Introduction of a Multidisciplinary Approach to the Mentally Ill; New Services; and CDZ I, II, III. And there are two projects from the National Institute of Mental Health (NÚDZ): Destigmatization of psychiatric issues and VIZDOM, and the ÚZIS Project. Examples of best practices from Italy, the United Kingdom, and France are also presented. This diploma thesis captures the current state of psychiatric care reform in the Pilsen region. In the context of the Czech Republic Ministry of Health's "Introduction to a Multidisciplinary Approach to the Mentally Ill", this thesis addresses the involvement of general practitioners in interdisciplinary community. The theoretical section includes chapters devoted to primary care reform within the strategic framework HEALTH 2030 and a SWOT analysis of general practioners' involvement in the community network. The practical part of this thesis contains a survey given to general practitioners and...
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Witnesses of the bus ZaBřehem Problems of alternative space
Benčíková, Barbora ; Šrek Bromová, Veronika (referee) ; Klodová, Lenka (advisor)
The diploma thesis concerns my life project ZaBřehem and my activity in this project, which has the character of cooperation, organization, DIY, home design, web design, painting, crafts and over time also cultural organization and curation. The work goes through several components of the whole project and aims to defend the role of the artist in creating a new place that has the ambition to change the approach to people diagnosed with mental illness. At the same time, it focuses on the space specifically of one of the rooms, the layout of which the author considers her own work, as well as the method of transferring this space to the school premises for defense, which will create another site-specific installation.
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Anthology of Unspoken: Surreal Complexity of Mind
Hrádková, Jana ; Havlíček, Jiří (referee) ; Macháček, Mikuláš (advisor)
The diploma thesis Anthology of Unspoken is a form of personal therapy, a coping mechanism in the shape of an extensive personal research presented by visually eclectic web, which maps the perception of depression and melancholy in terms of historical, artistic, and partly academic discourse. AoU takes the form of a website on the border of an archive and a research blog, which visually reminds a notebook with the use of texts in the form of notes, reader view essays, and accompanying visual material (period paintings, pop-cultural references, emoticons etc.). This diploma thesis has two main goals. Firstly, it represents a way of finding means to articulate and at least fractionally understand my own problems. Secondly, it is a way of finding answers to the following questions: Is depression really a modern matter of the 21st century? Why is it so difficult to talk about it? Where do the shame and feeling of guilt, with which it is inextricably associated with, come from? Is melancholy synonymous with depression, or do these terms differ from each other? And is depression really a disease or is it only a sign of my own failure?
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Bulimia and anorexia, psychiatric affairs, or genetic determinations?
Barešová, Markéta ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Jurková, Kateřina (referee)
Bachelor thesis is covering eating disorders and it root cases namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Theoretical part describes those two disorders in details and their diagnostics within MKN-10 and DSM-5. Following is description of nutrition indicators related to disorders, it's anamnesis and physical examination. The main cases of eating disorder are described in detail including the key risk factors. Thesis than highlights known treatment methods and its successful rate and points out possibility of relapse. Prevention is also covered as well. Practical part focus on research realized via quantitative questionnaire method evaluating current level of knowledge of general population related to eating disorders and nutrition. Thesis points out the general public is aware and informed however lacking the latest data and findings. Research identified gap mainly in general public ability navigate and understand compilation of disorder impact.
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Multidisciplinary access in community care of mentally diseased
Kvapil, Michal ; Válková, Monika (advisor) ; Palánová, Tereza (referee)
The diploma is about the topic of multidisciplinarity in community care of people with mentally illness. I chose this topic because I meet clients who have lived for various periods of time knowing that they suffer of mental illness. Over time, I began deeply perceive how mental illnesses affect all areas of client's lives. In the modern sense of community-based psychiatric services, multidisciplinary cooperation should become a provider of more comprehensive, better quality and more effective services for people with mental illness who require health care, but also social care that facilitates inclusion in the society of people who suffer of mental illness. Multidisciplinary collaboration is an interdisciplinary collaboration in social and health services, illustrates different theories that use various terminologies. The collaboration of experts from different disciplines, in addition to the term multidisciplinary, can be referred also as interdisciplinary or intersectoral. Another reason for choosing the topic of the thesis is the increas of discussions and even practical steps within the Strategy of Psychiatric Reform in the Czech Republic. An integral part of the thesis is an introduction to mental health issues, it's history and current planned transformation, which is a priority within the...
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