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Comparison of ideological and policy definition of Fidesz and PiS
Vait, Martin ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is to examine and compare the ideological and programmatic definition of Fidesz and PiS, their development in time and their current actions and policy-making since forming their single-party governments in 2010 in Hungary and 2015 in Poland, respectively. This work also focuses on the development in both countries during the transformation from communism towards democracy, and sets out to answer what preconditions have formed the demand for populist radical right ideology both in Hungary and Poland. Based on the theory of populist radical right framework, this thesis concludes that, in addition to the negative aspects of political and economic transformation, historical narratives and prejudices against minorities by a significant part of the Hungarian and Polish societies have also played a crucial role in creating a climate for demand for the populist radical right. In the third chapter, this thesis finds a high volatility in the ideological development of both parties, especially in regards to Fidesz, and attributes these considerable ideological and programmatic changes in part to reaction of Fidesz and PiS towards changes in the party system in both Hungary and Poland. However, since 2006 the ideology of both parties has become increasingly consistent with...
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Populist Parties in German Speaking Countries - Case Study Using the Examples of Alternative for Germany and Freedom Party of Austria in 2013-2017.
Částková, Markéta ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Handl, Vladimír (referee)
In recent decades, we have witnessed a sharp increase in the preferences of populist parties across Europe. These parties gain votes not only in the east, but also in the west. In many countries, populists participate in the government. This trend also affected the German- speaking countries. This bachelor thesis deals with populist parties in German-speaking countries on the example of Alternative for Germany and Freedom Party of Austria. Although they may appear to be two completely different parties, the topics of their programmes in recent years has been approaching. It seems to be a direct call to question the similarity of these two parties, considering their history, development and topics. The aim of the thesis is to characterize the Alternative for Germany and the Freedom Party of Austria from the point of view of the history and ideology of the parties, using the compilation of research findings in the field of (right-wing) populism. The thesis also deals with the parties programmes from the years 2013 and 2017, whose analysis focuses mainly on the following issues: European politics, economic policy, social policy, immigration and integration policy and the introduction of direct democracy. The result of the electoral programmes analysis is an overview of thematic intersections of the...
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Anti-islamic movements in eastern Germany: PEGIDA and its Development
Mojžíš, Radek ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Handl, Vladimír (referee)
This master thesis deals with the development of the protest movement PEGIDA, which was founded on October 11. 2014 in Dresden. This movement speaks loudly against the Islamization of Germany during the regular demonstrations and criticizes the political situation in the country. In times of its greatest popularity it has attracted thousands of people. Nowadays its importance is still diminishing. The aim is therefore to describe the development of the movement and its characteristics. The work is divided into four main chapters. The first one explains the development in Saxony, the second one describes the development of the movement and its programmatics. It also contains the change of relationship towards Alternative für Deutschland (AfD): from an animosity into an open collaboration. PEGIDA was created as a Facebook group: with tools like Google Trends and Fanpage Karma this chapter analyzes its evolution in an online world. It also shows a declining search rate on Google and its popularity on Facebook. The last chapter is based on studies conducted among demonstrators concerning their demographic data and their views on the functioning of democracy and politics. It follows that most Pegidists do not believe in political representation and see an AfD as an alternative. The stagnation of the...
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Extreme Right Populism in the Netherlands? Case of Geert Wilders and Party for Freedom
Nguyen Thi, Van Anh ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the Dutch political Party for Freedom (PVV) and its leader Geert Wilders. PVV is basically known as an extreme right party based on its anti-immigration policy and criticism of Islam. Its leader Geert Wilders considers Islam not to be a religion but rather a political ideology which is dangerous the same way communism or Nazism used to be. However Wilders denies labeling himself as an extreme right politician. He argues that his aim is to preserve Dutch liberal values and its identity. He tends to reject deeper integration of the Netherlands to the European Union as well. The aim of this thesis is to examine whether the PVV can be qualified as an extreme right populist party according to the Rydgren's theory, which strictly defines extreme, right and populist aspects of this party family. The second aim of this thesis is to examine the position of the PVV on the current political scene in the Netherlands. The success of the party has started since the Dutch society has radicalized. The main reason for its radicalization was political assassination of Pim Fortuyn in 2002 and murder of Theo Van Gogh two years later. Since PVV was established, the party has participated in general elections three times: in 2006, 2010 and 2012. After the elections of 2012, the party lost...
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Development of czech extreme right-wing after 1989
Kameník, Martin ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The master thesis Development of czech extreme right-wing after 1989 deals with three the most significant far right-wing parties in Czech republic after 1989. These parties are Association for republic - Czechoslovak Republican Party (SPR-RSČ), National Party (NS) and Workers' Party (DS). The only far right-wing body shall, which was able to enforce on Czech political scene and obtain representation in the Parliament was SPR-RSČ. Other two parties were unsuccessful in elections. Thesis has an ambition to make clear, why SPR-RSČ was that successful and other parties were not. But at the beginning of the thesis is explained concept of far right-wing. After this, is a chapter about SPR-RSČ, which was significant political party in the 90's. Nevertheless after unsuccessful elections in 1998 became piece by piece minor political force. Next part refers about NS, which was very unsuccessful in elections, but was able to attract attention of Czech media by its actions. Thesis also include chapter about DS, which was, as the only one after 1989, dissolved by the Supreme Administrative Court. However the party works under the name DSSS and nowadays is the most successful far right-wing party in Czech Republic. After that is a chapter, which clarifies the reasons why was SPR-RSČ successful and the other...
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Populist and Extreme Right in Contemporary Austria
Černoch, Jakub ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The thesis "Populist and Extreme Right in Contemporary Austria" deals with the two political parties in Austria - FPÖ (Freihetliche Partei Österreichs) and BZÖ (Bündnis Zukunft Österreich) during the time period from 2005 to 2011. The thesis aims to globally introduce contemporary far-right parties with regard to economic, historical, political and ideological causes of their support. The objective of the thesis is also analysis of far-right parties in reference to all-Austrian and regional dimension. This lower dimension is introduced by nine Austrian states (Bundesländer). The thesis also examines influence of electoral and party system on FPÖ and BZÖ. Regarding electoral system and its results (examples include National Council elections in 2006 and 2008 and Landtag elections in years 2008-2010) the thesis analyzes, whether the electoral parameters can affect support and representation of far- right parties. Another objective is classification of these parties and their relation to far-right terms - extremism, populism, neo-Fascism and neo-Nazism. On the basis of examined pieces of knowledge the thesis attempts to sketch the presumptive trends of far-right parties in the following years.
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The Grid
Gajdošík, Andreas ; Magid, Václav (referee) ; Krekovič, Slavomír (advisor)
Work aims at consequences of fully developed infrastructure of web 2.0 and its wide social acceptance, which with cheap computing power leads to massive data interpretation. In relation to that this work uses public Facebook's data about user activity at right wing oriented Facebook pages which gathers and statisticaly analyzes. Result is then showed at web page which is designed to look close to the look of extreme right wing webs. Positive first sight impression of right wing sympathizers is then eroded with not so good empirical statistics. Under 100 users are commenting quite often so this right wing craziness looks like a small movement in the end. Therefore Grid stands somewhere between amateur sociol research and artistic intervention into public media space.
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