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Threats and negative influence of the use of technologies
Wohlgemuth, Petr ; Krhutová, Milena (referee) ; Walek, Agata (advisor)
Uživatelsky orientované produkty technologického pokroku jsou všudypřítomné a mají nepopiratelný vliv na člověka i na společnost. Cílem této semestrální práce je shrnout negativní důsledky používání těchto technologií a poukázat na možné hrozby se zaměřením na kognitivní funkce lidského mozku, behaviorální závislosti, které tyto technologie přinesly a uzavřít práci nabídnutím možných řešení dílčích problémů a návrhem výzkumných metod, kterými by se dal průzkum na dané téma rozšířit.
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The support of Czech language teaching through musical activities in grades 1-3
Marečková, Věra ; Kmentová, Milena (advisor) ; Dunovská, Marie (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the use of musical activities that help the development of speech and the support of the teaching of Czech language in Music lessons in grades 1-3. Theoretically, primarily from the point of the mental development psychology, specify important conceptions and terms, related to the teaching. Practically, it represents the inter- subject relations of the Czech language and other subjects, especially Music. The main goal of this work is to offer suggestions (musical activities) that can help in the practice and repetition of the word types. An action research is embodied in the diploma thesis correlating with the research that M. Kmentová used in her dissertation work. This diploma thesis describes and researches songs, vocal games and other musical activities that are based on cross-curricular relations of the Czech language and Music on the basis of the Framework Education Programme for Elementary Education. (RVP ZV). Action research was carried out in the 3rd grade of elementary school (followed by the same pupils in the 4th grade).The diploma thesis is involved in the preparation of experimental methodology for a pilot use in a broad field research. KEYWORDS: evolution, cognitive processes, music activities, word types, teaching, vocabulary, evaluation
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The Process of Acquiring the Linguistic Concept of Conjunction by Primary School Pupils
Martáková Styblíková, Jana ; Hájková, Eva (advisor) ; Höflerová, Eva (referee) ; Čechová, Marie (referee)
Title: The Process of Acquiring the Linguistic Concept of Conjunction by Primary School Pupils Author: Mgr. Jana Martáková Styblíková Department: Czech Language Department Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Eva Hájková, CSc. Abstract: The dissertation deals with the issue of acquiring the linguistic concept and the term of the conjunction by primary school pupils of 1st-5th, works with children's preconceptions in the language area and introduces how the pupils of the first grade of the elementary school work with the term conjunction. It maps the cognitive processes of pupils in the context of the acquisition of the conjunction language phenomenon and the important moments in which the primary child preconception changes into the language term in the pupils mind. Introduces with the process of conceptualizing the language reality, in which he detaches from the naive child concept of conjunction to the specific linguistic term of a conjunction as a verbal type. It describes the individual parts of the research, in which the individual thought movements of pupils in the area of linguistic gripping of the term conjunction are gradually transformed. It presents the individual research methods as tools by which we monitor the development of the preconception of the conjunction in the linguistic concept. Managed interviews...
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Cognitive precesses of blind pupils when perceiving geomatrical shapes
Šleglová, Klára
BSTRAKT DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCE Tématem diplomové práce je zkoumání kognitivních procesů (zejména vnímání, představ a myšlení) u nevidomých žáků prostřednictvím experimentů geometrickými tělesy. Nástrojem experimentu jsou čtyři úlohy (dvě pro jednoho žáka, dvě pro dvojici žáků), které jsou zaznamenány na video, přepsány do písemných protokolů a poté analyzovány. Jako teoretické východisko analýz byl na základě odborné literatury sestaven přehled zapojených, resp. pojmenování deficitních kognitivních funkcí. Dalšími důležitými teoretickými východisky byly také poznatky práci jsou z nich obsaženy ty, které se věnují vývoji hmatového vnímání (geometrických těles), vývojovým stádiím vytváření operací dle Piageta, kognitivním mechanismům v významu komunikace ve výuce matematiky (resp. Analýza experimentů zahrnuje pozorování hmatového (taktilního) vnímání, představ, myšlení, kognitivních procesů, řeči a komunikace, popř. jiných jevů podstatných pro konkrétní úlohu. LÍČOVÁ SLOVA nevidomý žák, kognitivní procesy, (deficitní) kognitivní funkce, komunikace, geometrická tělesa, průvodní jevy těles, taktilní vnímání
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Concept Building Process in 2D Geometry of Primary School Pupils
Vlková, Gabriela ; Slezáková, Jana (advisor) ; Jirotková, Darina (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of concept building process in 2D geometry. The topic is aimed at preschoolers and school-aged children. The theoretical part describes the stages of human development and the cognitive stages of development. Then there are characterized the term concept, the concept building process and the stages of the language development in mathematics. The following part describes two theories about the building knowledge in Maths and the levels of thinking in geometry according to the van Hiele model. The last one chapter of this part describes the geometry curriculum within the primary school education. The method of qualitative research - participated observation - was used for the practical part. This part describes the research that consists of seven experiments. The aim of the experiments was to observe the development of children's and pupils' ideas about 2D geometric shapes. Many activities were prepared for the research. On the basis of the activities reflection the activities were changed or completed. The experiments are described by means of the phenomena that appeared. The phenomena are important for the describing the concept building process of 2D geometric shapes - a square, a circle, a rectangle, a triangle. The information from research is compared...
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Development of communication skills for people with learning disabilities
Malinská, Pavlína ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kopečný, Petr (referee)
The thesis deals with the possibilities of communication skills development for persons with learning disabilities. Problematics of vocabulary acquirement and the associated cognitive processes are of primary interest of the thesis. Part of the work is a proposal of several practical activities for improvement of these fields, all in agreement with the presented theoretical background. Qualitative study on a sample of 5 tenants of a nursing home was conducted. Subsequent analysis revealed that the nature, implementation and orientation of the proposed tasks is suitable for the clients. Recommendations on how to treat the encountered individuals are also presented. KEYWORDS learning disability, vocabulary analysis, vocabulary developement, cognitive processes, communication skills
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The interaction of information science and cognitive sciences with emphasis on information retrieval
Pilecká, Věra ; Papík, Richard (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Beáta (referee) ; Rankov, Pavel (referee)
Mgr. Věra Pilecká The interaction of information science and cognitive sciences with emphasis on information retrieval (dissertation thesis) (Vzájemné ovlivňování informační vědy a kognitivních věd s důrazem na vyhledávání informací) Abstract Focus of this thesis is on the description of the interaction of information science and cognitive sciences with emphasis on information retrieval which is influenced by some of the cognitive aspects. The introductory chapter deals with the definition of information science and paradigms inspired by a cognitive approach (cognitive and socio-cognitive paradigm). Then a cognitive science is defined including its basis, methods and application. In the third chapter, a comparison between information and cognitive science is included, and their interaction and common interests are described. Fourth chapter focuses on information retrieval and influencing factors, including search methods, user information behaviour, and user cognitive characteristics and mental models. The final chapter presents two surveys focused on the use of intuitive and analytical information retrieval styles during searching on Google, and the perception of the differences between traditional and online teaching of the effective reading techniques. Both surveys illustrate the influence of users'...
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Impact of Number of Scale Points on Attitude Measurement
Bláhová, Vendula ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Soukup, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the rating scales, which are widely used in the attitude measurement, namely with the impact of their length (number of scale points) on measurement, both in terms of cognitive processes in the minds of respondents and impact on the data. Hypotheses, formulated on the basis of the literature and tested using data obtained from a split ballot experiment and cognitive interviews, are related to the comparability of results, distribution of responses and task demands. The Net Promoter Score from the environment of market research, expressing respondent's willingness to recommend a service or company used, is used as an application example. It originally uses 0 to 10 eleven-point scale which is here compared to five-point scale from 1 to 5 using various recoding and rescaling techniques. Analysis shows that rating on eleven-point and five-point scales means two different cognitive tasks for respondents (eleven-point scale is a bit more demanding but more accurate in respondents perception) and that the data differ from each other in terms of distribution of responses - on short range scale, midpoint and extreme positive category are selected more often, while on eleven-point scale, milder positive points are used more often.
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Problem solving in the last 20 years
Micková, Hana ; Heller, Daniel (advisor) ; Stehlík, Luděk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the phenomenon of problem solving focusing on last twenty years. The theoretical aim of this work is to describe issues of problem solving in the selected psychological areas as cognitive psychology, personality psychology, social psychology and applied discipline psychotherapy. In chapter "Problem solving in Cognitive Psychology" the phenomenon of problem solving and other connected terms (algorithms, heuristics, knowledge-poor problems, knowledge-rich problems, etc.) are defined. Further chapters are focused on subtopics linked to the phenomenon of problem solving: in the chapter " personality psychology " these are personality traits and types of problem solvers, in the chapter "social psychology" these are conflict as kind of problem and problem solving by small group, in the chapter "psychotherapy" these are different types of therapies focused on problem solving. In the second part of this work the research proposal is described according to the previous knowledges. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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