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Gaidar's reforms
Horáček, Pavel ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis diserts on the topic of economic reforms in Russia in the year 1992 and the role of the creator of the reform plan Yegor Gaidar. The emphasis is put on the explaining of context of the reforms. Thesis explains especially historical context in the meaning of clarifying the endeavour after the economic reforms in Soviet Russia at the end of the 1980's and the political context of the assembly of Gaidar's government. Thesis mentions different approaches to the trasformation from plan to market economy and the legitimacy of choosing the shock therapy as the right attitude in the case of Russia. As a conclusion thesis mentions why Gaidar's reforms can be considered successful and what was the role of Yegor Gaidar.
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Anti-alcohol Campaign in the Soviet Union in the Years 1985-1988
Jasenčáková, Miroslava ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
The thesis "Anti-alcohol Campaigh in the Soviet Union in the years 1985 - 1988" analyzes the various aspects of development and measures used to combat alcoholism , which were adopted in May 1985. This included, for example, significant reduction of the production and sale of alcoholic beverages and a variety of promotional tools. Chronologically, the main emphasis is on the period when the campaign took place. To clarify the context of the issue is also included a brief excursion to the roots of Russian alcoholism, which dates back to the Middle Ages. The situation after the introduction of the campaign is tracked within the Soviet Union, emphasis is placed on development of the policy within the nation's center. Concerning the severe economic impact of the measures adopted and the high level of public discontent alcohol program was eventually canceled. For these reasons, it is often interpreted as a failure. The main goal of the thesis is to assess the possibility of some successes and campaign evaluation, provided that the leaders of the Soviet Union, who prepared it, might have been aware of the contradiction between the stated objectives and actual results subsequent campaigns.
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EU instruments in the fight against terrorism: the problems of sanctions
Pejchová, Petra ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with contemporary problems of anti-terrorist financial sanctions imposed by the EU on the basis of its Anti-terrorist Strategy. The EU nowadays faces harsh criticism over problems with lacking efficiency and violation of human rights standards while exercising sanction instruments. Current shape of this system helped to create distinctively European judicial bodies. Due to this fact, the most important case rulings on the imposed financial sanctions against individuals suspected of terrorism are in focus of the thesis. Author states, that current conception of sanction mechanism within the EU comes to an end and will be soon replaced or abandoned or radically changed in compliance with the courts' statements and practice of the courts. This proposition answers the research question: Does the current construction of EU sanctions measures represent the very last and flawless form of its development? Or is it the case that the whole system will have to be replaced or radically changed? The author analysis objection articulated by the EU judiciary and proposes possibilities of further development and assesses these options.
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Financial policy in times of crises until 19th century of the Bohemian Duchy
Novotný, Jiří ; Bažantová, Ilona (advisor) ; Dupáková, Lenka (referee)
Financial policy in times of crises until the 19th century Abstract This thesis focuses on financial policy during crises of the Bohemian Duchy, Kingdom of Bohemia, and Lands of the Bohemian Crown within The Austrian Empire until the 19th century. I will compare monetary and fiscal approaches to tackle the gravest crises caused by war, instability, or a financial breakdown. Therefore, in this thesis, I will analyse selected crises that took place in the Bohemian Duchy located in the Bohemian Kingdom at the end of the 13th century. I will focus on the Hussite wars, the great calada during the Thirty Years War, Napoleonic Wars, the Seven Years War, the Revolution of 1848, and the Long Depression, which started in 1873. The used methods are mainly comparison, analysis, and analogy. Results of the research indicate that an improper financial policy caused the majority of crises. Governmental approaches to solving fiscal, monetary and taxation problems were worsening the situation. Financial policy concerning monetary, fiscal, and tax policy until the end of the 19th century was procyclical. If enlightened politicians appeared in an era of prosperity, their plans for reforms were generally dashed by war and need for new governmental expenditures. However, the government, especially during the crisis, was prone...
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Heading of the political system during Evo Morales administration
Mochanová, Tereza ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The bachelor thesis studies the transformation and heading of the political system of Bolivia after the election of Evo Morales as president and the entry into power of his Movement for Socialism (Movimiento al Socialismo, MAS). The aim of the thesis is to analyze the direction in which the reforms have shifted the political system and how its character has changed. The emphasis is placed on changes in the basic institutions of the state, in the bodies of state power and form of government. It also examines the influence of the opposition within the political system and its role in promoting political reforms. Attention is also given to the consequences of the Morales's government and the reforms to the foreign policy of the state and to the mutual relations in the South American region.
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Reforms of the Ukrainian Energy Industry
Balahura, Milan ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lídl, Václav (referee)
The energy sector of Ukraine is of strategic importance not only within the national economy, but is also significant from a European perspective, because it includes transit energy networks that are essential for a large part of Europe. The fundamental problem still remains low energy efficiency of the economy, obsolete infrastructure, dysfunctional system and the absence of major reforms. At the moment, another round of reforms is taking place under the influence of a rapprochement with the European Union, to modernize the sector and adapt it to European standards. This work describes the development of the sector and the reform efforts since independence until today with a particular focus on the gas sector and the period 2014 to 2017. This is particularly the developments in the energy market, pricing policies, availability, security and decentralization of the system. In addition, the work also focuses on the development of energy efficiency, the environment and renewable energy sources. Following on the theoretical basis (especially the theory of institutional economics) through analysis of described facts assesses developments in the reforms and their impact on the whole sector including evaluation of the role and influence of oligarchs in these reform attempts. In terms of reforms, four...
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Reforms of the ACZ after the NATO accession (comparison with selected armies)
Křikava, Richard ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor's thesis, Reforms of the ACZ after the NATO accession (comparison with selected armies), concerns with development of armies of Czech Republic, Poland and Finland after Cold war. Goals of this thesis are to find out which reforms ACZ undergone after joining NATO, if these reforms are present in other armies, especially in case of Armed forces of Republic of Poland and if membership in NATO decreases combat ability of member armies. Attention will be focused especially on state of armies after joining NATO. The work will analyze the development of military reforms of each army. Based on this analysis, the impact of reforms on armies in question will be evaluated and the combat capabilities of the armies in connection with NATO will be assessed.
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Post-crisis development of Spain focusing on the banking system and the public sector
Nagyová-Tkáčová, Monika ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Antal, Jarolím (referee)
The thesis deals with the evolution of the Spanish economy, especially, after the economic crisis. It is focused on the banking system and the public sector of the country. In order to capture the theoretical basis, it processes the essence of banking, public finance theory and public debt. Subsequently, the thesis describes impacts on selected areas of the economy and the government's response to them. The main objective is to analyze the measures taken by the government and to evaluate their impact on the economic development of the landscape. At the same time, the thesis should provide recommendations for the future.
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