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Use of individual types of positioning on patients after stroke in the acute and subacute phase of rehabilitation from the perspective of occupational therapy
Švecová, Adéla ; Uhlířová, Jaromíra (advisor) ; Kuželková, Anna (referee)
OF MASTER THESIS Tittle of master thesis: Use of individual types of positioning on patients after stroke in the acute and subacute phase of rehabilitation from the perspective of occupational therapy. Stroke is one of the diseases that most affects the human population. It can result in temporary disability, permanent consequences and death. The patient's positioning after a stroke can affect many risks of secondary changes. The aim of this work is to find out how occupational therapists are involved in the positioning of patients in the acute and subacute phase after a stroke in stroke centers in the Czech Republic and how the positioning in stroke centers takes place. The literature and recommended procedures show that the correct positioning after a stroke in the acute and subacute phase prevents the development of immobilization syndrome and secondary changes. Positioning patients after a stroke can affect muscle tone, shoulder pain, prevent subluxation in the joints, maintain passive and active range in the joints, etc. In patients after a stroke, agitation should occur from the affected side to support the return of sensorimotor functions and to involve the affected parties to activities. The occupational therapist is most involved in positioning the affected upper limb, especially to...
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Design polohovatelného křesla
Olšanská, Veronika
The content of this diploma thesis is the design of adjustable armchair, which will keep the rules of sitting ergonomics, which will be influenced by the specified requirements for resting seating and will be in accordance with the standards dealing with the given issue. The starting point for designing is the theoretical part, which describes seating issues, deals with the importance of seating in the context of time, emphasizes the importance of seating furniture ergonomics and at the same time points out the benefits of relaxation on adjustable resting furniture. The thesis focuses more on the positioning function. There is a research of historical adjustable armchairs in this thesis. Also there is a research of the current offer and the positioning mechanisms which are used nowadays. The basis for the practical part is the list of suitable technological processes and materials used in upholstery production which the author considers for realization of the final armchair design. The practical part is divided according to the individual design points. There is the stage of sketching and the stage of verifying the way of positioning using both 3D and physical models. For a better orientation and understanding of author‘s working procedure, the practical part is extensively accompanied by visualizations and photos. The final design is demonstrated by the 3D model, its visualizations and the drawing documentation that will serve to produce a functional prototype.
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The Use of Orthesis at Patients Suffering from Spastic Dystonia
Pekárková, Martina ; Šebek, Milan (advisor) ; Jakovcová, Karolína (referee)
OF BACHELOR'S THESIS Name, surname: Martina Pekárková Thesis supervisor: Ing. Milan Šebek The second reader: Title of bachelor's thesis: The Use of Orthesis at Patients Suffering from Spastic Dystonia Abstract of bachelor's thesis: The theme of this bachelor's thesis is the use of orthesis at patients suffering from spastic dystonia. The thesis consists of the theoretical and practical part. The most common causes of spastic dystonia are mentioned in the theoretical part. The key chapters of the thesis are Spastic Dystonia and Treatment. In the last chapter of the theoretical part, which deals with orthotics, its particular types and their functional use are described. The practical part of the thesis is compiled with regard to doing research based on foreign studies. Orthesis are specified on the basis of the static and dynamic use. Relevant studies were analysed and based on their results it may be said that static orthesis are not significant for their use. The application of dynamic orthesis is debatable, because in some studies their positive effect on spacticity was proved, while in others it was disproved. For lack of valid literature, in which the effect would be definitely proved or disproved, it is necessary to do some more research. The purpose of this thesis was to gather and unify...
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Container handling equipment
Komárek, Jakub ; Smutek, Josef (referee) ; Kašpárek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with handling equipment for handling containers 20 "and 40". Design of suspension frame with one telescopic beam is elaborated. In this work an analysis of the load on the device and the design calculation of the structure is elaborated. The suspension frame design with sliding, tilting and rotary positioning is designed to provide hydraulic elements. In the diploma thesis, the strength calculation of the selected construction node is processed and the necessary drawing documentation is created.
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Design of control system of pneumatic manipulator
Roun, Jiří ; Bradáč, František (referee) ; Vetiška, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is about the design of the control system for the pneumatic manipulator. Initial research describe the current possibilities of pneumatic products for driving and positioning of pneumatic assemblies. The practical part of this thesis describes the connection of hardware with PLC terminals and the design of software for controlling the manipulator. At the end of the thesis is testing part realized with designed software and measuring software.
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Selected Technigues in Canine therapy of Children with disability
SOUSTRUŽNÍKOVÁ, Lucie
Canistherapy is one of the rehabilitation methods. It serves for support of psychosocial health of people of all ages, using relationship between a dog and a man. This work is dealing with canistherapy techniques for children with disabilities. The aim of my thesis is to find out which techniques are the most used in the centre Bazalka, o. p. s. and the devide Hafík, z. s. and how the canistherapy is affecting health of children with disabilities. The theoretical part is devoted to history of canistherapy, to canistherapy techniques for children with disabilities. Further in the work there is a characterisation of development of a healthy child and a child with disability, from 3 to 7 years old. The practical part consists of a quantitative research, which was carried out in form of an interview between parents of the children with disabilities and their therapists. The research is evaluating the children's health after going through canistherapy techniques and monitoring how often the volunteer were visiting the institution.
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The handling with a patient after stroke
POKORNÁ, Michaela
The main objective of the thesis was to map the nursing care in the field of handling with a patient after stroke. Two research questions were set down in connection with this objective. The first research question was aimed to the way how nurses handle with patients after stroke. The second research question was focused on the nurse's problems in connection with handling such a group of patients. The empirical part of bachelor thesis was processed by using qualitative research analysis realized by the semi-structured interview technique. The basis of conducting interviews (annex 1) consisted of thirty one questions which in some cases was enriched with supplementary questions. The first six questions were directed to basic identifying informations about nurses followed up to twenty-five questions focused on their experience with the handling of patients after the stroke. The results of research investigation were subsequently treated by a metod of using an open coding with "pen and paper" technique. The research group consisted of nurses working in neurology, rehabilitation, after-care, standard internal depatrmants and in a retirement home. The results were classified into individual thematic categories and subcategories consisted of experience of the nurses, handling specifics, preparation of handling, self-sufficiency, facilitation of handling, positioning, transfers and effects on health of nurses. Generally based on the results of this research is possible to say, that experience of nurses dffers in relation to different working conditions which are manifested in the areas of used equipment and usual procedures. Some differences among nurses were also revealed in access to certain phenomena related to these issues. The bachelor thesis was written to provide the broadest and deeper insight into the issue. The results of the thesis can be used as information materiál for people working with patients after the stroke as well as for students with a deeper interest about the issue.
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Positioning and application of orthoses in patients after acute brain damage
Barborková, Marie ; Dlouhá Maršálková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
OF THE BACHELOR'S THESIS Author: Marie Barborková Supervisor: MUDr. Alexandra Dlouhá Maršálková Opponent: Title of bachelor's thesis: Positioning and application of orthoses in patients after acute brain damage. Abstract: The thesis is dealing with positioning and application of orthoses to patients after a brain damage, especially to those recovering from a stroke. The first part of the thesis is theoretical and is based on literature research and supported by foreign case studies. The general information about stroke and motor neurone syndrome is defined there together with information on positioning of a hemiparetic patient after a stroke and applying orthoses to prevent contractures, their treatment and effect on spasticity. The practical part of the thesis includes a study case of a patient who used the splint at night to hold the ankle in a neutral position. Using the theoretical information the practical part observes the effect of using the splint on spasticity and passive range of motion of the foot in dorsiflexion. The aim of the theoretical part is to review the knowledge about positioning and use of orthoses and splints for patients after a stroke, mainly oriented on prevention of contractures. The goal of the practical part is to compare the theoretical knowledge and gained information...
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