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Nordic states and their support of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania on their way to european structures
Lukeš, Pavel ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Hořejšová, Tereza (referee)
Diploma thesis "Nordic countries and their support of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania on their way to European structures" deals with foreign policies of Denmark, Sweden and Finland towards three Baltic countries in the 1990s. The paper is focused on Danish, Swedish and Finnish bilateral support of three Baltic countries on their way to European structures, particularly to the EU. The thesis strives to explain a rationale and motives which were behind decisions of Nordic countries to help Baltic countries in the 1990s. Although the thesis is primarily focused on a development in the 1990s, a short part is also devoted to a historical development of the relations between Nordic and Baltic countries. This historical excursion helps to identify changes of Nordic foreign policies (Baltic policies) which occurred in the 1990s. The main proposition of this thesis is a statement that though there were several motives behind decisions of Nordic states to help Baltic countries, the main factor which caused high involvement of Denmark, Sweden and Finland in the Baltic Sea area were security related factors. The thesis also offers a summary of some motives which were behind high involvement of Nordic countries in the region and provides some similarities and differences in Baltic policies of Denmark, Sweden and...
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Lobbing and its regulation i Czech and international context
Hoferek, Jan ; Staša, Josef (advisor) ; Rajchl, Jiří (referee)
Lobbying and its regulation in Czech and international context Abstract This Master's thesis investigates the phenomena of lobbying and its regulation both in international and subsequently national context, following a current government draft law on lobbying. The thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, a suitable definition of lobbying is sought and its functions, most common typologies and three main theories are presented. After that, attention is shifted to the mutual relationship between lobbying and corruption and their interactions. In the following part, possible approaches towards the legitimacy of lobbying as a part of democratic process are presented. The end of the chapter analyses general background of lobbying activity regulation and its forms and tools. The second chapter is concerned with lobbying and concrete modes of its regulation in three selected countries - Lithuania, Poland, and Slovenia. The individual subsections have the same structure: at the beginning, the overall history of the regulation is outlined, followed by the introduction of the national lobbying environment. After that, relevant legal definitions are summed up, the regulation is comprehensively presented and then, based on academic literature, evaluated. Each of the subsections is concluded with...
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Dissent in the Baltic republics
Fořt, Tadeáš ; Švec, Luboš (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
Tadeáš Fořt Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with the differences between dissent in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. All groups of dissidents were influenced by international events such as revolution in Hungary in 1956, Prague spring of 1968 and the signing of the Helsinki Final Act by the Soviet Union. Even though all dissident groups reacted to those events, the form and motivation of their protests against the regime were different. Main differences between these groups lie in national and religious differences in Baltics. While Lithuanians did not have an issue with immigration from other Soviet countries, Latvians and Estonians were becoming minorities in their own countries which heavily influenced the priorities of dissident groups. Religious differences can be seen in Lithuania too, where Catholic Church was very popular and become the staging point of dissent as well as for example creation of underground media such as Chronicle of Catholic Church in Lithuania, one of the most influential pieces of samizdat in whole Soviet Union. Churches in Latvia and Estonia, whether it would be Lutheran or Catholic did not enjoy such popularity thus their influence was highly marginal. This thesis does not compare only religious and national differences but also various other sociological and demographic...
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Comparison of Motivation and the Course of Collaboration in Lithuania and Latvia
Žabková, Marie Magdalena ; Švec, Luboš (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of collaboration in Lithuania and Latvia - specifically the motivation and course of collaboration of part of the population during the Second World War with the Nazi regime. In both Baltic countries, over 90% of the original Jewish population has been exterminated and most of it by the end of 1941. Collaboration has affected the extent and speed of implementing the final solution of the Jewish question in the Baltics. The first part is devoted to the political-historical context with regard to the Holocaust in both countries. This section discusses the circumstances that had a clear impact on the Baltic society, namely pre-war anti-Semitism, Soviet occupation and Nazi occupation. In the next part, the thesis analyzes pogroms, functioning of collaborative units and their structure. The last part focuses on motives that have been significantly reflected in society in Lithuania and Latvia. The thesis concludes that the Baltic countries differed in the level of pre-war anti- Semitism, the adoption of German occupation by political leadership, the size of pogroms and the structure of collaborative units.
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EU Conditionality and the Russian-speaking Minority in the Baltic States: Problems of Integration During and Beyond EU Accession
Gaziev, Farkhod ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
Since its inclusion in the Copenhagen criteria, the protection of minority rights has been an important political condition set by the European Union (EU) for candidate states. This thesis examines the effectiveness of EU conditionality on the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania to change their ethnic policies and its affect on the Russian-speaking minority of the states. The main argument of this thesis is that the European accession process has promoted minority rights in the three Baltic states, following which the Russian-speaking minority in the Baltic States have been partially integrated. However, the domestic opposition and the potential threat from Russia hindered EU's efforts to influence outcomes of the domestic policies.
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Energy security of the Baltic states Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
Havel, Zdeněk ; Zájedová, Iivi (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
Energy security is currently a favourite topic. It is being talked about in the context of several conflicts in Third World countries that, due to the supply of energy raw materials such as oil and gas, affect the rest of the world. For some states, however, the issue of ensuring energy security is a more vital. Some states, such as the Baltic countries - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, are dependent on supplies of fossil fuels from neighbouring countries. Moreover, up until recently their energy markets have not been liberalized, nor connected to the rest of the Europe. It is a well-known fact that the Russian Federation is the main supplier of these raw materials to them. Therefore, the Baltic states have been trying to reduce the influence of the Russian Federation in the Baltic region since they regained independence 26 years ago. This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the energy security of all three Baltic countries. The thesis carefully analyses all aspects of their energy sector. It examines the historical development of the region, thanks to which we can understand the influence of the Russian Federation on the Baltics energy sector, as well as the level of international cooperation of the Baltic states with the EU in ensuring energy security. The analysis also focus on the...
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The Impact of the Financial Crisis to Lithuanian Politics and Presidential Election in 2009
Myslbek, Mikuláš ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
MYSLBEK, Mikuláš ABSTRACT This dissertation deals with the Financial crisis and presidential election in Lithuania in 2009. The main goal of this dissertation is to find out, if Ms. Dalia Grybauskaitė was elected as a president due to the Financial crisis. The author is also trying to find whether the Financial crisis somehow affected the Lithuanian politics. This text deals with the historical context, political system of Lithuania, performance of Lithuanian economy, and the presidential election with the Financial crisis, which are analyzed together.
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Comparison of lustration laws in Central European states: Czechoslovakia, Poland and Baltic states
Srb, Jáchym ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The paper: "Comparison of lustration laws in Central European states: Czechoslovakia, Poland and Baltic states" describes the emergence and application of the lustration laws in context of the political transformation of these states from the begining of the 90s. The main objective of this paper is to answer the question, what are the differences and similarities in the functioning of the lustration laws in these states and whether there is a single explanation for their divergence. For this purpose the paper describes the political and historical background from which these laws emerged in each state separately. This part, among other things, outlines the concept of the "double-tracked" lustrations in Latvia and Estonia, where the laws followed both the collaboration rationale and the ethnical divide. The paper also aims to critically outline the most prominent theoretical approaches to the aforementioned question of the disparities between lustrations in different states. The second aspect of lustrations, which this paper examines, is their conformity with the standards of the European Convention on Human Rights. From analysing the judicature of the ECHR, the paper concludes that the court was very self-restrained in examining these laws and only intervened in the cases of clearly excesive scope of the...
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