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Nutritional interventions for patients with brain injuries and movement limitations
Kadečková, Klára ; Sládková, Petra (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Patients with acquired brain damage, who are attending rehabilitation day-care center on the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the General Hospital and the First Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague, are often limited by fatigue and lack of energy. Patients are attending day hospital mainly with brain damage acquired after stroke and less often also after brain trauma. Secondary prevention of atherosclerosis development or progression and prevention of stroke relapse is very important with these patients. Nutritional intervention plays significant role in prevention and treatment of many risk factors of an atherosclerotic artery damage. Common consequence of brain damage is development of secondary sarcopenia. Patient in day hospital must bring their own food. Individualized program as a result from examination by the multidisciplinary team doesn't include nutritional assessment. Study with patients with acquired brain damage was carried out on Department of Rehabilitation. Study used bioelectrical impedance analysis provided by InBody 370 S. Body composition of patients was measured. This data and anthropometric measurements were evaluated for presence of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Muscle mass percentage was evaluated as well. Study found out that most...
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The comparison of different methods of body fat measuring by ensemble of adult women devided into five groups according to the BMI level
Šebková, Jana ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Title: The comparison of different methods of body fat measuring by ensemble of adult women devided into five groups according to the BMI level. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to compare values of gained percentage of total body fat by descriptive method such as bioelectrical impedance analysis and skinfolds measuring in comparison with "gold standard method" DEXA and to evaluate the usability of each method of body composition measuring by five groups of women, devided according to BMI level (in range 20-47 kg/m2 ). The purpose of this thesis is to find the most useful method especially for the overweight and obese women (BMI over 30 kg/m2 ) and to estimate the equation for the whole group. The other part of this thesis is the theoretical conclusion of the matters of body composition assessing and the importance of good knowledge about this topic for physiotherapists. Methods: The study was realizing from January of 2010 to March of 2011. There were 136 women, who were clients of Fitness center of VŠTJ Medicina Praha and jointed to the group voluntarely. The criteria of choosing the subjects into the study were: age 18 - 75 years, BMI 20 ≤ 45 kg/m2 , relatively healthy without accute disease. Women with cardiostimulator, pregnant women or nursing mothers were excluded. The monitored...
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Comparison of body composition of soccer players according to their players' post
Česák, Petr ; Malá, Lucia (advisor) ; Malý, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Comparison of body composition of soccer players according to their players' post Objectives: The main objective of this work is to determine the body composition of soccer players according to their post and to compare these data with the results of similar testing taken in foreign countries. Methods: 45 players participated in the testing in total. The machine of bioelectrical impedance BIA 2000 M was used for the detection of the body composition and the gained data were further proceeded in the programme NUTRI 4. The observed parameters were a percentage of body fat, an absolute amount of fat mass, fat-free and intracellular tissue. For the process of the statistic data (arithmetic average, BMI, standard deviation, tables and graphs) the programme Microsoft Excel 2007 was used. Results: The players of both Czech clubs have a typical body composition for top athletes. It was found out that the goalkeepers have the highest percentage of body fat out of all measured players. Defenders were proved to have the least percentage of body fat among all the measured players. Keywords: Soccer, player posts, body composition, bio impedance
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Monitoring of influence of individual segments of a teaching unit on physical education on fitness of girls from seventh of elememntary school
Floriánová, Linda ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
Title: Monitoring of influence of individual segments of a teaching unit of physical education on fitness of girls from seventh grade of elementary school. Aim: The aim of the empirical part is to monitor the proportional representation of the motoric activities during the time given in the lessons of physical education of the seventh grade girls, and along with the chosen methods of testing of these individuals, to prove or disprove possible influence of the composition of the P.E. lessons on the chosen segments of their fitness. Methods: Various methods were used for testing the considered sample. These were the standardized motoric tests (intense forward bend when sitting, place-jump with legs together, endurance in a pull-up, hand grip) which investigate the chosen segments of the fitness. Another method used was the bioimpedance which measures the parameters of body composition. The data were recollected quantitatively and the results were also processed quantitatively by means of statistic parameters, such as arithmetic mean, variation span and determinative deviation. Results: From the results of the work emerged that as far as the chosen motoric activities and their influence on the chosen segments of the fitness are concerned, during the time given only the segment of flexibility in...
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Evaluation of body composition analysis using anthropometric measurements and methods based on bioimpedance
Provázek, Pavel ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Musálek, Martin (referee)
Title: Evaluation of body composition analysis using anthropometric measurements and methods based on bioimpedance Aims: The main goal of this study is to analyze correlations of the data from bioimpedance with direct anthropometric measurements using statistical data analysis taking into consideration that the latter data is recognized as a gold standard. Methods: The sample of 42 men and 20 women was evaluated using standard anthropometric techniques. In addition, the dimensions, which are necessary to establish the weight of segments in upper and lower arms. The obtained data was firstly evaluated using a universal software ANTROPO. The both samples were concurrently investigated using the bioimpedance methods and the relationships between the aforementioned data and data from InBody was evaluated by three independent statistical methods such as substantive significance (Cohen's d), two-parameter linear regression and robust Passing- Bablok regression. Results: The results obtained enable to conclude that (with the exception of body height and BMI) the remaining parameters do not sufficiently correlate when using anthropometric measurements and data from InBody. As the relatively low number of participants may result in certain misrepresentation of the results, particularly in women, the...
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Body Composition and Motor Performance of Roma Children in the Most District
Česák, Petr ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Havel, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kutáč, Petr (referee)
Title: Body Composition and Motor Performance of Roma Children in the Most District Background: The Roma way of life, or rather the values they live up to, is different from the values and way of life of the majority population. This results in a lower life expectancy of the Roma and a worse social position in Czech society, even in total social exclusion. Since the individual's lifestyle evolves from childhood on, we focused on assessing the lifestyle using several parameters of body composition and motor performance of Roma children in socially excluded Roma localities Aims: The aim of this thesis is to find out the influence of the lifestyle of Roma children living in socially excluded Roma localities in the Most district on their body composition and motor performance. The second goal is to compare the body composition and motor performance of the children from majority population and socially excluded children from the Most district with the Czech children population standards. Methods: In total 733 children 7-15 years of age participated in the study, of which 448 were from majority population of the Most district (221 girls and 227 boys) and 285 children were from socially excluded Roma localities in the Most district (124 girls and 161 boys). Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA 2000 M...
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Automatic determination of the pulse wave velocity in a body segment
Kampo, Dávid ; Svačinová, Jana (referee) ; Vondra, Vlastimil (advisor)
This Bachelor´s thesis deals with a propagation of a pulse wave velocity in different body segments and its measurement through bioimpedance. In connection with this topic, the work includes a profound description of a pulse wave and its velocity in regards to diagnostics and prevention of cardiovascular diseases that have been prevailing in recent years. During the process of determination of PWV, ECG is recorded, as it helps to accurately estimate the relevant transition times and the reulting PWV. The main purpose of this work is to validate that PWV can be determined without supportive ECG signals, what as a result makes the whole process simpler, more effective and available. The main target of this work has been successfully achieved and the algorithm for an evaluation of transition times and determination of PWV is described in the work. Moreover, the algorithm is implied to the structure of GUI in Matlab programm where the interface has been designed to suit the user´s needs to analyse PWV. Highlighting the validation process and functionality of the algorithm, signals from 21 subjects have been used to assess some of the most frequent analysed PWVs and all average values of velocities are within a physiological range from 5 m/s to 15 m/s. cfPWV is considered as a golden standard when it comes to PWV and the average value for all 21 subjects has been estimated to 7,54 m/s what corresponds with values from scientific studies that have been assessing cfPWV.
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Validaton of multichannel bioimpedance of vessels using synchronized vascular ultrasonography
Hidegová, Simona ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Mézl, Martin (advisor)
The inclusion of a new device in clinical practice requires an adequate validation. The original publication which introduced multichannel bioimpedance monitor MBM was focused on discribing its technical parameters and demonstration measurements. Further evaluation desires comparision with other standard measuring device. This thesis describes pulse wave measurement by MBM and by other medical devices used for establishing cardiovascular risk. It proposes the validation experiment with synchronized vascular ultrasonography as a reference method. The process of the experimental measurement, aquired data and following data analysis are described in detail. The outputs of the experiment are statistically evaluated. The MBM’s performance and design of the experiment are discussed.
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Prognostic Siginificance of Sarcopenia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Kozlova, Marina ; Brůha, Radan (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
Introduction: Sarcopenia is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and has a significant negative effect on the clinical outcome and prognosis of patients. Sarcopenia is manifested by a loss of muscle mass and a decline in muscle strength and overall physical performance. X-ray examination is the most accurate method in the diagnosis of sarcopenia, but it is unknown to what extent the prognosis of liver cirrhosis can be predicted by non-invasive and broadly available anthropometric measurements and functional tests combined with the analysis of routine laboratory data. The aim of the work is to find factors related to the severity of liver cirrhosis, the occurrence of complications and survival of patients with a focus on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Methods: The observational study included 20 patients of the IV. Department of Internal Medicine of the General University Hospital in Prague (VFN) - Clinics of Gastroenterology and Hepatology diagnosed with liver cirrhosis. The progress of cirrhosis was assessed with MELD and Child-Pugh scores. Patients were examined twice, once during hospitalization and 3 months later. Functional tests of hand grip strength, chair stand test, NCT test and quality of life questionnaire were performed. Other measurements included...
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Conductive model of human tissue for electroporation purposes
Zelinková, Kateřina - Šarlota ; Cipín, Radoslav (referee) ; Novotná, Veronika (advisor)
This thesis solves the issue of the distribution of the high voltage pulse at the electroporation of the arget ablation zone. For futher examination of influence electroporation was necessary to first understand theoretically electrical charakter of cells and replace with basics eletrical circumferential elements (RLC). Based on this knowledge, theoretical prerequisites for experimental measurements were derived. Theoretical assumptions were then verified by experimental measurements. In the measurement, the assumptions found were confirmed, but significant performance losses were identified. A new catheter was designed to reduce the loss. Because the production of a new catheter is not economically disadvantageous, the properties of the new catheter were first tested using the simulation cloud environment SIMSCALE, where the heating of the heart tissue after the application of the electroporation pulse was monitored. Furthermore, the electroporation process was simulated in the FEMM program, where emphasis was placed on the propagation of cardiac tissue tension.
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