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The effect of sleep on the psychological functions of adolescents
Kaňková, Zuzana ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Blahna, Karel (referee)
The quality of sleep is one of the main factors for the homeostasis of the body, the functioning of the brain and therefore the psychological functions of the individual. Sleep undergoes various changes during life. Significant sleep changes can be observed in adolescents. During this developmental period, there is a shift in circadian preferences towards a later chronotype, which is often in conflict with the demands of functioning in everyday life (for example waking up to school). Because of that this group is highly vulnerable to chronic sleep restriction and associated sleep deprivation, which can lead to many pathologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of partial sleep deprivation on cognitive function and emotional regulation in adolescents. The study involved 59 adolescents aged 14 to 21 years, 30 of them were exposed to partial sleep deprivation (4 hours/night) and 29 of them slept normally (8 ± 1 hours/night). The day after instructed sleep/sleep deprivation, participants completed an experimental battery of cognitive tests. The study found that adolescents after one night of partial sleep deprivation showed greater levels of subjective sleepiness than their peers after a night of normal sleep. This effect of sleep deprivation was stronger in girls than in boys. Also...
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Aggression in patiens with psychosis
Nichtová, Andrea ; Vevera, Jan (advisor) ; Papežová, Hana (referee) ; Končelíková, Dana (referee)
Most psychiatric patients do not behave aggressively, but they very often become victims of aggressive behaviour. However, in the practical part of this work, we focused on the phenomenon of aggressive behaviour in psychotic patients, and we address victimization of psychotic patients in the theoretical part because it is one of the most important predictors of aggressive behaviour not only in psychiatric patients but also in the general population. In the literature, we encounter three basic immediate causes of aggressive behaviour - psychotic, impulsive, and predatory (planned) - which we observed in hospital conditions. Specifically, we focused on impulsive behaviour in aggressive patients, given that it is assumed that psychotic patients have difficulties in this area. The aim of this study was to examine the immediate causes of aggressive behaviour and provide data from the Czech Republic on their prevalence. Another goal was to determine whether the factor structure in our work is consistent with the three hypothesized factors described by Nolan et al. Another goal was to explore impulsive behaviour in psychotic patients in light of the reported reduced impulse control and emotional dysregulation associated with the emergence of aggressive behaviour in psychotic patients. The study aimed to...
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Conflict resolution strategies in romantic relationships in context of attachment and emotional regulation
SOUKUPOVÁ, Štěpánka
The thesis focuses on the issue of conflict resolution in romantic relationships which is viewed from the perspective of attachment and emotion regulation theory. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the content of the mentioned constructs and presents an overview of available empirical findings dealing with the issue. The empirical part of the thesis verifies connections between attachment anxiety and avoidance, conflict resolution styles and emotion regulation strategies, which demonstrates the research variables arised from the administered ECR-R-16 (Dotazník prožívání blízkých vztahů), RPCS (Relationship Partner Conflict Scale) and CERQ (Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) questionnaires.
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Differences in emotions recognition among preschool children
KÁPLOVÁ, Veronika
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to map the emotion recognition skills of pre-school children. The theoretical part initially contains a basic definition of emotion and afterwards also deal with face databases and then the basic emotions, that are also a part of the empirical part of the thesis, are defined. The development of a pre-school child and its important milestones are also presented. Last but not least, the topic of emotion processing is explained, specifically the processing of facial expressions. The empirical part includes interviews with two kindergarten teachers including the headmistress, and a sample of 16 children (N = 16). The children are then divided into groups, based on the teachers' assessment, whether they have a problem with discipline or not and whether they come from a complete/incomplete family. Furthermore, they are compared with each other. The sample of children ranges from 4 to 5/6 years.
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Emotional intelligence and its comparison among heterosexual and homosexual people
Jelínek, Jakub ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis is emotional intelligence and the overview of changes in understanding this construct since its establishment. Furthermore, the thesis provides a summary of two significant models of emotional intelligence as well as a survey of existing means of its measurement and enumeration of studies focused on the connection between emotional intelligence and particular aspects of life. Finally, the theoretical part of the thesis explores the possibilities of developing emotional intelligence. The practical part uses quantitative research to analyse individual differences in emotional intelligence by comparing the levels of emotional intelligence between homosexual and heterosexual population. The findings revealed a significant difference between trait emotional intelligence of homosexual and heterosexual men. Moreover, the results also verify the difference in overall emotion regulation and emotion regulation strategy of emotion suppression between heterosexuals and homosexuals. The findings also support the claim that women have higher emotional intelligence than men and that the individuals who regard themselves as physically healthy have higher emotional intelligence than those who consider themselves as seriously ill. Keywords: Emotional intelligence,...
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Attachment Representation In Drug Addicted Patients
Pečtová, Kateřina ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
This research study focuses on the connection between types of attachment (levels of anxiety and avoidance in a relationship) and drug addiction. We researched the levels of anxiety and avoidance in drug addicted patients in their relationships with their mothers and fathers, romantic partners and best friends and compared them with the levels of anxiety and avoidance in informants from a control group who were not addicted to drugs. We examined an experimental group of 103 addicted patients receiving treatment in a therapeutic community and 105 informants in a control group. The results of the research confirmed the hypothesis that drug addicted patients manifest significantly higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in relationships with mothers, fathers, romantic partners and best friends in comparison with the control group informants not addicted to drugs. Although the differences in all areas were substantial, illustrating the attachment typology proved to be problematic. While dividing the responses into quadrants does not consider natural variations of the responses, they were taken into account in both of the mentioned scales. We concluded that, in general, the addicted patients in the experimental group had distinctly lower scores in the security of the attachment to their mothers and...
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Emotional intelligence and its comparison among heterosexual and homosexual people
Jelínek, Jakub ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis is emotional intelligence and the overview of changes in understanding this construct since its establishment. Furthermore, the thesis provides a summary of two significant models of emotional intelligence as well as a survey of existing means of its measurement and enumeration of studies focused on the connection between emotional intelligence and particular aspects of life. Finally, the theoretical part of the thesis explores the possibilities of developing emotional intelligence. The practical part uses quantitative research to analyse individual differences in emotional intelligence by comparing the levels of emotional intelligence between homosexual and heterosexual population. The findings revealed a significant difference between trait emotional intelligence of homosexual and heterosexual men. Moreover, the results also verify the difference in overall emotion regulation and emotion regulation strategy of emotion suppression between heterosexuals and homosexuals. The findings also support the claim that women have higher emotional intelligence than men and that the individuals who regard themselves as physically healthy have higher emotional intelligence than those who consider themselves as seriously ill. Keywords: Emotional intelligence,...
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Long-term monitoring of personal goals in everyday life compared to extended isolation
KOPNICKÁ, Andrea
This thesis deals with the problems of personal goals in the motivation structure of an individual during common life conditions compared to the conditions of long - term isolation. In the theoretical part, there is presented an isolating experiment called ŠTOLA 88 as well as the international research project MARS 500. It is also dealing with topics of motivation, motivation system of personality, personal goals, theories of selfdetermination and resiliences.The empirical part focuses on formation of the personal goals of participants of both experiments and evaluation their changes during last months. It mainly tries to affect the dynamics of changes through the qualitative analysis.
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