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Jewish Feminism in Interwar Czechoslovakia
Efrati, Michaela ; Čapková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the period between the First and Second World War, with a focus on Jewish women's associations in interwar Czechoslovakia. The thesis analyses the development of these associations, their main programmes and their interrelations with the feminist movement both within and outside Czechoslovakia. It looks at the contacts of the leading figures of the feminist movements and their mutual support, or their different views on the programmes of the movement. With an emphasis on a transnational perspective, it examines the achievements of the Women`s International Zionist Organization (WIZO) in the areas of international and local aid and the results of their efforts. The research is based on an analysis of archival materials and contemporary prints and documents. A key figure in this study is Marie Schmolkova, a prominent figure in Czech Jewish feminism. The thesis attempts to identify the differences in the development of Czech Jewish feminism and Czech feminism and examines when and how the two movements came together and what the result of the collaboration was.
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Freedom of Expression on the Teritorry of Transnistria and Moldova as seen by the European Court of Human Rights
Židek, Jan ; Tymofeyeva, Alla (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
Freedom of Expression on the Teritorry of Transnistria and Moldova as seen by the European Court of Human Rights Abstract This thesis is based on the analysis and comparison of legal texts and judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) related to freedom of expression on the defined territories. At the end of each chapter, measures are proposed that could lead to the improvement of the protection of freedom of expression on the territories under the control of the de facto state of Transnistria and the Republic of Moldova, or to the improvement of the ECtHR's decision-making processes. As Russia and Moldova have so far been found responsible by the ECtHR for restricting freedom of expression on the territory of the separatist Transnistria, the thesis also addresses the topic of the extraterritorial jurisdiction of these states, as well as the subjectivity and responsibility of the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic for unlawful conduct. This issue is confronted with relevant judgments of the ECtHR, which enrich the academic discussion with legal views. However, the judgments are also an interesting reflection of the changing political situation, especially at the present time (2024) when the future of Russia's relations with other European countries is uncertain. Therefore, not only the history...
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Textual Ciphers as a Tool for Better Understanding the Transformers
Provazník, Jan ; Libovický, Jindřich (advisor) ; Kasner, Zdeněk (referee)
The Transformer architecture is very popular, so it is potentially im- pactful to interpret what influences its performance. We test the hypothesis that the model relies on the linguistic properties of a text when working with it. We remove interference with cultural aspects of meaning by using a character-level task with the ByT5 Transformer model. We train ByT5 to decipher sentences encrypted with text ciphers (Vigenère, Enigma). We annotate a sentence dataset with linguistic properties with published NLP tools. On this dataset, we study the relationships between the linguistic properties and the fine-tuned ByT5 decipherment error rate. We analyze correlations, train ML models to predict error rates from the properties and interpret them with SHAP. We find small significant correlations but can- not predict error rates from the properties. We conclude the properties we identified do not give much insight into the performance of the Transformer.
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Translation of False Friends from French to Czech - A Corpus Analysis
Kopřivová, Iva ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šotolová, Jovanka (referee)
This master's thesis explores the influence of the faux amis phenomenon on the outcomes of translations from French to Czech. The emphasis is on analyzing these false friends through the examination of semantic relations, considering the distinctions and resemblances in the meanings of potential translation equivalents. The primary objective of the thesis is to ascertain whether the presence of these interlingual word pairs adversely affects the tone of the translation. The study makes use of data from the InterCorp language corpus. Abstract This master's thesis explores the influence of the faux amis phenomenon on the outcomes of translations from French to Czech. The emphasis is on analyzing these false friends through the examination of semantic relations, considering the distinctions and resemblances in the meanings of potential translation equivalents. The primary objective of the thesis is to ascertain whether the presence of these interlingual word pairs adversely affects the tone of the translation. The study makes use of data from the InterCorp language corpus.
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Annotated Russian Translation: PAVLŮSEK, Alois, PAVLŮSEK, Ondřej. Sportovní a závodní automobily Škoda od roku 1965 do současnosti. 1. výd. Brno: Computer Press, a.s., 2008, s. 178-197.
Isaev, Aleksandr ; Molchan, Maria (advisor) ; Rubáš, Stanislav (referee)
This bachelor thesis contains a translation of the excerpt from the book "Škoda sports and racing cars from 1965 to the present day" by Alois Pavlůsek and Ondřej Pavlůsek (pp. 178-197) into Russian as the first part, and an expert annotation of the translation as the second part. The second part includes an analysis of the original text, a description of the translation method, and a strategy for solving translation problems, including a typology of translation shifts. Keywords: translation, translation analysis, translation method, translation shift, translation problem, Russian, Škoda, sport cars.
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Workplace buildup for measurement of low-frequency absorption of acoustic structures
Skvaril, Šimon
This work deals with realisation of laboratory instrument focused on measurement of sound absorption coefficient of low frequency acoustic resonating systems. Construction based on the mechanism of impedance tube using transfer-function method is chosen with operating frequency chosen between 30 Hz - 200 Hz. Proposed impedance tube was constructed, and its functionality was verified using a set of Helmholtz resonators. Vibration properties of the tube were tested by the means of additional measurement using accelerometers.
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An enhanced theoretical approach for accurate measurements of the optical and energy characteristics of semiconducting materials
Allaham, Mohammad M. ; Košelová, Zuzana ; Sobola, Dinara ; Fohlerová, Zdenka ; Knápek, Alexandr
The absorption coefficient is an important optical property in characterizing semiconducting materials. It plays a significant role in studying optical characteristics, electrical structure, energy band structure, and the creation/annihilation of excitons when a semiconducting material absorbs electromagnetic radiation. In this study, an enhanced theoretical model will be introduced and applied to characterize thin films prepared from UPR4 (unsaturated polyester resin) single-component epoxy resin, which is important to study the charge flow at the interface of tungsten-UPR4 composite field emission cathodes.
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Reliability of WBG Transistors
Horký, Jan
Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) transistors have the potential to revolutionize power electronics industry. They have better resistance, size, and efficiency than current Silicon (Si) transistors. On the other hand, as Silicon FET has been used for several decades, its reliability and robustness has been well known and documented. The aim of this paper is to present a review of reliability and radiation issues of GaN and SiC transistors in order to mitigate potential issues in future designs.
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