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Transformation of Russian political regime: Putin's hybrid regime.
Kuliashov, Vladimir ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of the political regime in modern Russia after the collapse of the USSR. It considers the theoretical foundations of the study of political regimes and their transformation, as well as the concept of hybrid political regimes. The analytical part of this paper is devoted to the study of the historical context of political regime transformation in post-Soviet Russia, analyzing the economic, demographic and political specifics, as well as analyzing why the process of democratic transformation of the country was not completed in the Russian Federation at the turn of the century. Further, the thesis analyzes the transformation of the political regime in the period from 2000 to the present day, which is inextricably linked to Russian President Vladimir Putin. All tendencies of authoritarian strengthening and changing the course of foreign and domestic policy are analyzed, that is, in other words, the paper investigates how the regime was transformed step by step. Also, special attention is paid to the analysis of different periods of this transformation and on the basis of all the studied data, a brief assessment of the possible transformation of the regime in the future is given. The conclusion briefly summarizes all the results of the thesis,...
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The Ukrainian issue as a tool for the consodilation of Putin's Russia
Vaidišová, Natálie ; Kolenovská, Daniela (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
This thesis investigates the Russian domestic political context of the escalation of relations. It verifies the claim that the Ukrainian issue has served the Russian political leadership over the past two decades to gradually consolidate internally Russian society, caught off guard by the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the Russian elite's use of anti-Ukrainian historical narratives can therefore be interpreted as a tool to stabilize post-Soviet Russian identity in a form that suits the current interests of the Russian power centre. What role historical politics has played in the use of the Ukrainian issue for Russia's internal consolidation is explored in this thesis through an analysis of the argumentation of the Russian Federation's leaders towards Ukraine, from the rise of Vladimir Putin to the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. This examination presupposes a detailed theoretical argumentation, to which I devote the first half of the thesis. Subsequently, I apply the theoretical-methodological findings in the second part of the thesis in the analysis of the speeches of Russian representatives, which I divide into the following main analytical units: the development of Russian-Ukrainian relations based on the performances of Russian presidents, the Ukrainian theme and narrative of the legacy of the...
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Analysis of the Oil-Rich Countries: Case Study of Russia and Azerbaijan
Tomanec, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is the analysis of oil-rich countries based on the case study of the Russian federation and the republic of Azerbaijan. This analysis will be based on the Resource curse theory which is fundamental for the conceptual framework of this diploma thesis. This theory describes the resource-rich states as more prone to be governed by an authoritarian regime. This relationship will be defined in the case study of Azerbaijan and Russia by comparative analysis of selected factors and state budget revenues from oil and gas. In the first chapter, the methodology and critical source analysis will be exercised together with the theoretical framework. In the second and third chapters, this paper will focus on the analysis of Azerbaijan and Russia based on factors of repression, war, corruption, and freedom of the press which is the core of this work-study. This diploma thesis is based on the presumption of superabundance on one source-focused export, mainly fossil fuels. Based on this relationship the hypothesis will be tested, which will subsequently confirm or refuse the theory of the resource curse. At the same time, the collected data will be compared with selected European countries and the United States of America which will add the required value to the research. The...
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Political and Economic Reasons for Energy Cooperation between the EU and Russia
Evgrafova, Elena ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
In this paper I investigate the energy cooperation between the EU and Russia from the political and economic points of view. The relevance of the issue is due to the growing role of energy sector, the need for security of energy supply and demand and for political and economic balance of power in the region, and closer economic integration. Two theoretical approaches, geopolitical and bureaucratic, guiding the research, explain the behavior of protagonists. To better understand the present level of cooperation I analyze the background and dynamics of EU - Russia energy trade relations. As a case study, I investigate the Nord Stream project as an example of successful cooperation of Germany as an EU member state and Russia in this field. I discuss challenges for the healthy mutual partnership in the energy sector, namely, high politicization of the issue, monopolization of Russian energy sector and low sustainability of Russian economic development, and mistrust between the protagonists. I attempt to identify possible policy changes aimed to improve this cooperation and achieve fruitful partnership, security and stability. Key words: Russia, EU, energy, cooperation, Realpolitik, international relations, oil, gas, energy dialogue, ECT, security, balance of power, geopolitics, interest groups,...
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Putin's Historical Narrative: Problems of Russian Post-Soviet Identity and the Role of History during Putin's Presidency 2000-2008
Knappová, Barbora ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
The thesis focuses on a historical narrative promoted by president Putin during his first two terms in office during the years 2000 - 2008. Furthermore it aims to analyse the consequences of Putin's uses of history on the domestic and the international level. First, theoretical aspects of political use of history are drafted since they are essential to understand the role history plays in a nation-building process. Consequently, tools used to promote a certain historical narrative are mentioned. The work describes main problems related to the formation of Russian post-Soviet identity and analyses causes of Yeltsin's failure in this task. Subsequently, Putin's political visions such as a need of strong Russia and restoration of great power status are presented. The work also identifies how Putin's political goals project into his view of history. The main characteristics of Putin's historical narrative are analysed on a basis of secondary literature and Putin's speeches. The thesis focuses separately on Putin's use of symbols of three Russian historical époques - the Tsarist Russia, the Soviet Union and the Yeltsin era. Emphasis is put on Putin's attitude towards the Soviet past since his Second World War narrative and his view of Stalin represent a major source of controversies. The consequences of...
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Old master, new neighbor : Putin's Russia in the Czech foreign policy discourse
Beauduin, Adrien ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
BEAUDUIN, Adrien. Old Master, New Neighbour: Putin's Russia in the Czech Foreign Policy Discourse. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Insitute of International Studies. Supervisor Dr.Jiří Vykoukal, 2013. Abstract The return to democracy in Central-Eastern Europe (CEE) and the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 did not mean that CEE-Russian relations could start anew. This dissertation uses post-structuralist discourse analysis and takes the case of the Czech Republic to examine the development of the Czech official foreign policy discourse towards Russia between 2001 and 2009. Looking at the history of opinions on Russia in the Czech lands and analyzing five events or periods of the 2000s, the present works tracks the evolution of the Russia's identity as constructed by the official Czech discourse. On the official level, the influence of Russia's image on the construction of the Czech identity is also analyzed. The results showed a worsening of relations after 2006 and suggest that the image of the 'Russian threat' has not disappeared from the political discourse in the Czech Republic. Moreover, the Czech official foreign policy discourse constructed the image of the Czech Republic as anchored in its Euroatlantic and European orientation.
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A Discourse Analysis of the Crimean Speech: Vladimir Putin's Testimony
Sosnovskykh, Volodymyr ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis analyses Vladimir Putin's justification of the annexation of Crimea based on an interpretation of the discourse used in his Crimean Speech. The research uses the "Discourse- Historical Approach," inspired by Critical Discourse Analysis, as the methodological and conceptual foundation of the analysis. In addition, it incorporates other linguistic and social representation theories. The historical background of Crimea and Ukraine is used as a basis for assessing Russia's claim on Crimea. The analysis is categorized into four appeals: 1) the appeal to common history and culture; 2) the appeal to historical military involvement; 3) the appeal to justice; and 4) the appeal to international law. The appeals are contextualized using broader historical themes associated with the discourses used by Putin to justify the annexation. The interpretation is informed by historical context within each category. In the conclusion, the research presents the finalized interpretation, in which Putin's justification for the annexation of Crimea is shown to be constructed using the manipulation and selective recounting of historical facts. This diploma thesis uses a close textual reading and analysis of Vladimir Putin's Crimean Speech to expose the myths and manipulations he uses as a justification...
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The changes in foreign policy of Russia during the first presidential term of Putin
Muchin, Viktor ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is evaluation of changes in Russian foreign policy during the first presidential term of Putin. The thesis is divided into two parts- theoretical and practical. In theoretical part I am concerned with operating one of the theories of international relations called social constructivism. This theory brought manifold changes into foreign policy of Russia through seeking Russian own national identity. My observational question asks to which magnitute national aspect of Russia was approved in its foreign policy. Social constructivism is consequently introduced in the analysis of three Russian doctrinal documents- the National Security Concept, Military doctrine and the Foreign policy Concept of 2000. In practical part I present the application of this theory on demanded complex of co-operation with the USA as the representative of Western civilization, while there is also the effort to maintain the sphere of influence on post-soviet region such as Baltic states, Ukraine and Belarus.
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The reflection on the stalinist period as a friction between the Russian State and the Memorial movement
Černoušek, Štěpán ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis The reflection on the Stalinist period as a friction between the Russian State and the Memorial movement follows changes in the interpretation of Soviet repressions (especially from the period of Stalinism) from the late 1980s until the end of 2016. On the one hand, it follows the attitude of the Russian (or Soviet) state, on the other hand the position of the independent Memorial movement. In five chapters, chronologically, it notes contradictions that arise in the interpretation of the repression by the State and the Memorial and try to explain them. While the attitude of Memorial is consistent throughout the whole period (it attempts to bring repression to a wider context), we see different attitudes of the Russian state in the times of perestroika, during the reign of President Yeltsin and during the presidency of Vladimir Putin. From coincident attitudes, the state moves to interpretations that are inconsistent with the position of Memorial and are ideologically motivated. The thesis also looks at the causes of the current pressure of the Russian state against the Memorial movement, which intensified especially after 2014. The other theme of the thesis is also a brief history of the Memorial movement, its development and concrete projects and opinions.
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