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Violence among nobility and burghers. A portrait of duels at the turn of the 16th and 17th century
PINTNER, Tomáš
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of duels between nobles and townsmen in the early modern period. Its aim is to present the form of duels as a tool used to restore violated honour and at the same time as an important cultural phenomenon of pre-modern society. The thesis will therefore focus further on the role of honour, which represented a key element of noble and masculine identity, the loss of which had immeasurable consequences for the challenged individuals. Its violent defence was perceived as a socially legitimate but illegal act. The thesis will be concluded with an analysis and comparison of four duels that took place in the Kingdom of Bohemia between 1582-1651.
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The Development of the Cult of St. John of Nepomuk to Canonization
Herold, Miroslav ; Petráček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The cult of St. John of Nepomuk was one of the characteristic features of life in the Habsburg Empire and other European catholic countries in the early modern period. The origins of veneration for the medieval martyr were tied to Prague, to his tomb in the cathedral, to the Metropolitan Chapter. The saint became famous above all for the conviction that he gave his life for the preservation of the confessional secret. With his death he preserved the good name of the Czech Queen Joan, who confessed to him; on the other hand, he is said to have punished those who were disrespectful of his own posthumous reputation and grave. He therefore became an immensely popular defender of honour and reputation, values highly valued in the early modern society. Under the influence of the Prague Chapter, St. John's veneration was taken up by the Habsburgs, the Catholic rulers who ascended the throne of John's torturer, Wenceslaus IV, and John's spiritual daughter, Joan. They venerated the saint as one of the patron saints of the Bohemian kingdom, which they ruled. The recatholicization of this kingdom and its associated countries enabled the growth of St John's veneration, which by the end of the 17th century had already begun to spread vigorously beyond their borders. At the beginning of the 18th century, this...
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Zaitsek von Egbell-Habsburg Officer 1824-1918
Krátký, Jaroslav ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee) ; Macková, Marie (referee)
This thesis is focused on the officers and officer dynasties of the Austrian and Austro-Hungarian army. Through case studies, I examine the situation of the officer corps in the long 19th century, with reverberations up to the end of the Austro-Hungarian Empire's existence (until 1918). The title of the thesis includes the name of the Zaitsek von Egbell family, whose three generations experienced a significant social rise during the 19th century, mainly due to a combination of successful service to the emperor (in office and in the army) and a marriage strategy oriented towards noble families with a military tradition. An important factor in the military careers of two generations of the Zaitsek family was the merits of 1848 and 1866, times of social upheaval and war. In addition to the case study of the Zaitsek family, I attach two other case studies in which I examine officer families with different social backgrounds from each other. The ancient dynasty of military professionals is represented by the Ponz von Panz family. Officers from aristocratic backgrounds with a tradition of prominent positions in the military are exemplified by members of the Windischgraetz family. I intersperse the above three basic case studies with sub-biographical probes of individuals from both officer and civilian...
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Aristocratic disputes over honour in the early modern period
PINTNER, Tomáš
The bachelor thesis focuses on the topic of disputes over honour in the early modern period. It aims to present a comprehensible portrayal of the concept of honour and its social value between the years 1527-1627 in the Kingdom of Bohemia. Honour had slightly dissimilar worth in the lives of various groups of people of different social statuses, and it was an inseparable part of noblemen's identity. Its importance was reflected in legal norms, for there were explicitly defined offences against honour. Losing honour meant social segregation, and for that reason, one had to defend himself - either by legal means or by using violence. The thesis will further explore the second option, the duel, and its place in the early modern culture. Moreover, some representative examples of duels, European fencing trends of the 16th century, and weapon regulations of the period will be introduced. Finally, the thesis will be concluded with the analysis of the duel between Mikuláš Dačický of Heslov and Felix Novohradský of Kolovrat from 1582 and its legal consequences.
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Responsive Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Krchová, Tereza ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Marek, Radek (referee) ; Platas-Iglesias, Carlos (referee)
ABSTRACT This work is focused on the synthesis of a family of new macrocyclic ligands with exchangeable protons on coordinating groups that could potentially serve (after complexation with suitable paramagnetic lanthanide(III) ions) as responsive contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is expected that measurement of extracellular pH should bring information for tumorous disease diagnoses and/or for suggesting the most efficient treatment. Therefore, our attention was focused on pH-dependent CAs based on a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) mechanism capable of reporting pH changes in tissue. The PARACEST-related properties of a series of Ln(III) complexes with the CEST effect caused by amino groups coordinated to the central Ln(III) metal ions were investigated. Such a kind of PARACEST CA is new and has had no precedent in the literature. It was shown that these Ln(III) complexes produce a pH-sensitive PARACEST effect in the pH region relevant for living systems. The study brings proof-of-principle for utilization of complexes with a linear diamine pendant arm, i.e. complexes with two exchanging proton pools, for ratiometric pH determination by MRI independently on the probe concentration. In addition, to ensure a higher kinetic inertness of the...
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The Relationship Between Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Executive Functioning
Novák, Ondřej ; Stehlík, Luděk (advisor) ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee)
This thesis provides brief overview of key surveys and theories dealing with the influence emotions have on selected executive functions (decision making and judgment). It discusses the issue using the theoretical framework of cognitive-experiential Self-theory (CEST), and emphasizes current knowledge and experimental approaches. It describes various approaches to understanding of emotions and their influence, such as the theories of emotional valence and affect, embodied emotions or motivational role of emotions. The thesis includes a quality research design aimed on emotional goals of specific basic emotions (fear, anger, sadness and joy). The results will provide a theoretical framework for the "feeling-is- for-doing" approach focused on the motivational component of emotions, allowing to examine it empirically.
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Textual interpretation of the Song of Roland
Kolářová, Monika ; Jančík, Jiří (advisor) ; Kalfiřtová, Eva (referee)
This MA thesis deals with the text analysis of the Song of Roland. The text analysis focuses in detail on the formal, content, narrative and symbolic aspects of the Song of Roland. All those features are in the context of the literary and historical frame. The Song of Roland is one of the oldest literary pieces of French literature. It is the most famous heroic song belonging to the "Chanson de geste" and it was created in the 11th century. The main characters of the heroic poem are Charles the great, his nephew Roland, loyal friend Olivier, traitor Galeon and pagan king Marsil. The Song of Roland explores not only the family and friend relations, but the important topics are also betrayal and desire for fortune and glory. The Song deals with the matter of faith being asserted in the way which is typical for the middle ages. The story, which takes part in Spain, where the French have been besieging the pagan fort of Zaragoza for seven years, is very interesting from the historical aspects, but were more interested in the narrative - textual aspects, in which we tried to explore the relationships between the narrators. We focused on individual speeches, who speaks to whom and in which way. We asked ourselves three questions, which we have gradually answered. For the need of an analysis of individual speech...
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MRI contrast agents based on saturation transfer
Krchová, Tereza ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpnička, Petr (referee)
Title: MRI Contrast Agents Based on Saturation Transfer Author: Bc. Tereza Krchová Department: Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jan Kotek, Ph.D. Supervisor's email: modrej@natur.cuni.cz Abstract: The aim of this thesis was to synthesize macrocyclic ligands (based on the DO3A and DO2A framework) with exchangeable protons on the aminic coordinating groups that could be (after the complexation with suitable paramagnetic metal ions) potential contrast agents based on saturation transfer, so called CEST contrast agents (Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer). Two ligands H3L1 and H2L2 with one and two aminoethyl groups have been synthesized. The structurally similar ligands H3L1 Me and H3L1 2Me with one exchangeable proton and without it have been also prepared. The protonation constants of the ligands H3L1 and H2L2 have been determined by pH 1 H NMR and potentiometric titrations. The stability constants of metal ion complexes with H3L1 and H2L2 have been also determined by potentiometry. The CEST effect of Eu3+ and Yb3+ complexes with H3L1 , H3L1 Me and H3L1 2Me in solution have been studied. The residence lifetime of the inner-sphere water molecule has been determined for Gd-L1 complex. Keywords: CEST, MRI, aminoethyl, DO3A, DO2A, 17 O...
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Image of woman in romances of second half of 14th century
Hlavatý, Michal ; Charvátová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Sládková, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with image of women in romances of second half of 14th century with accent on the Czech productions. Foreign productions are mentioned as well, but this productions are mentioned marginally. At the beginning of this project, there are presented primary and secondary sources on which the project is based. Methodics of project are next. Next there is described issue of romances in european and Czech environment and there is description of real stand of woman in the Middle Ages. Afterwards there are presented characters of women in particular sources with historical context. End of project includes conclusion which is trying to explain how a woman in the 14th century was perceived in used sources.
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Honour, Insult, Slander, Libel and Investigative Journalism
Šatánková, Radana ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This interdisciplinary thesis deals with the area of investigative journalism and ethics. In the context of our time it offers a look at what kind of information a citizen has the right to obtain and what kind of the published information violates the moral rights of the individual. The work depicts the professional and ethical requirements placed on workers in the media to indicate the boundaries between "investigative journalism" and the pursuit of sensation. I draw upon the core material of the Syndicate of Journalists of the Czech Republic, the ethical codes of our public and private media and the books of experts in the field of media studies and ethics.
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