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War on Terror: How did war on terrorism change american society and political events?
Sobotka, Tomáš ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This paper focuses on the social and political background of the American War on Terror policy, specifically on the operation Neptune Spear leading to the targeted killing of Osama bin Laden, one of the leading personas of the terrorist organization Al-Qaeda. The introductory part states the research questions, the hypothesis and methodology and defines the term terrorism. It also outlines the problematics of obtaining relevant sources, since many of them still fall under top secret classification and have never been published. Furthermore, it informs about the historical background of War on Terror, reminds about the events of 11. September 2001 and describes the process of searching for and killing of Osama bin Laden. It also serves as a foreword to the research part. The research part itself then analyzes available source materials related to Neptune Spear. Primary sources include the official statement of the then President Barack Obama, the stance of the government, press conference and comments of Obama's predecessors, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, the original initiator of the War on Terror policy. Next, it analyzes the mood of American society through academic literature, archives of traditional and contemporary media, published articles, public opinion polls and others. The summary...
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The impact of the U.S. invasion on Iraqi education during 2003-2010
Jaškina, Anna ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis examines how the 2003 US invasion reshaped Iraq's education system from 2003 to 2010, highlighting the pivotal role of education in the country's reconstruction. Beginning with Saddam Hussein's era, marked by politicized schools but also notable educational achievements in the 1980s, it subsequently delves into the disruptive effects of the Gulf War and UN sanctions on Iraqi society. The thesis then analyzes the upheaval caused by the invasion and occupation, particularly focusing on its repercussions for primary, secondary, and tertiary education, as well as its social impact on children and adolescents. Additionally, it evaluates the role of international humanitarian aid, with a specific focus on initiatives led by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Ultimately, the thesis contends that while the US invasion significantly impacted Iraqi education, pre-existing conflicts and poorly executed reconstruction efforts compounded the challenges. It underscores the urgent need to prioritize the restoration of education and healthcare as fundamental steps towards rebuilding Iraqi society.
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The Influence of US Military Units on the Peruvian Communist Movements Sendero Luminoso and MRTA during the Fujimori Era
Božiková, Natália ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis with the name "The Influence of US Military Units on the Peruvian Communist Movements Sendero Luminoso and MRTA during the Fujimori Era" analyze the period between 1990 and 2000, during the government of Alberto Fujimori. It approach the administration of Fujimori from military aspect, especially the influence of the U.S. military and intelligence units on the combat of the insurgents communist groups Sendero Luminoso and Movimiento Revolucionario Tupac Amaru. The thesis aims to examine whether the U.S. military and intelligence supoort had an influence on combating these insurgent groups. The relations and cooperations method between Peruvian and the U.S. military are analyzed. Other aspect of the thesis is examination of the support of the democracy making process in Peru by the U.S. administration. The U.S. policymakers had two main priorities in the Southern hemisphere: counterdrug agenda and democracy promotion. The thesis examines which one of these foreign policy goals was more important for the U.S.
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Contemporary American Conservatism in Historical Perspective: A Comparative Analysis of the Conservative Political Discourse in 1960-1980 and 2011-2020
Sedláčková, Jolana ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis investigates the indicators of a conservative backlash in presidential campaign discourse by contrasting the conservative rhetoric of 1960-1980 with that of 2011-2020. Grounded in a theoretical framework of Backlash Politics, the thesis examines the rise of conservatism in the 1960s and 1970s and its resurgence in the twenty-first century through the lens of a Critical Discourse Analysis. Through an analysis of conservative presidential candidates' public statements in the periods 1960-1980 and 2011-2020, the thesis explores the resurgence of American conservatism by identifying enduring themes in conservative discourse. The dominant themes in conservative discourse, such as individual liberties, limited government, free market principles, traditional family values, and national security concerns, are scrutinized to identify similarities as well as differences between the 20th and the 21st-century discourse. By examining campaign press releases and statements issued during the presidential campaign by five conservative presidential candidates from each period, the thesis reveals the employed factors of Backlash Politics. The conservative political discourse in 1960-1980 grieved for the return to the founding principles and calls for institutional reshaping to prevent an authoritative...
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U.S. Invasion of Grenada - Reagan's Attempt at Democracy Promotion?
Hřivna, Václav ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The concern of the thesis is the US Foreign Policy after Ronald Reagan took the office of the President of the USA. It deals with the question whether the US invasion of Grenada in October 1983 was in accordance with such policy. Apart from a general conception of Reagan's Foreign Policy which is important for understanding the development of events, the US policy towards Latin America is directly analysed. The thesis follows with the outlining of US-Grenada relations from 1979 which was the year during which a leftist coup d'état took place on Grenada until the invasion itself. Simultaneously there is also outlined the internal Grenadian agenda which played a crucial role in the whole context prior the US invasion. The invasion itself partly took place as a result of a turmoil, which was created by the power struggle within the leading party on Grenada. The thesis also analyses the consequences of the US invasion, especially debates over legitimacy of the whole action which took place on a domestic as well as international level. The goal of the thesis is to find and explain the causes that led the US and Ronald Reagan to invade the island of Grenada.
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The Impact of the New Silk Road on the Geopolitical Influence of the United States in the Middle Wastern Region
Šimek, Jan ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The thesis focuses on influence of Chinese Belt and Road initiative on geopolitical stability of United States in Middle East through tightening relations with Israel and Saudi Arabia. Through interdependence theory the thesis points out effort of the People's Republic of China to straighten its geopolitical influence at the expense of United States through various profitable economical connections and potential of long-term multi-level cooperation. This cooperation helps China to gain higher confidence from Israel and Saudi Arabia and trough their trust willingness to further cooperation. Rising trade between China and states of Middle East also gives China potential to cooperate with various states on different sides of conflict and through economical cooperation with them China has potential to become a moderator of mutual diplomatic relations between hostile states. This has huge impact on geopolitical position of United States and their negotiation position in dialogues with local states. The Belt and Road Initiative has apart from geopolitical influence also economical influence which drains trade from United States to China. It also has goal to bring energetic resources to China, which as well takes trade with oil from United States and helps China to became biggest trade partner for local...
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The foreign policy of the United States of America towards Nicaragua after the Cuban Revolution
Černá, Kateřina ; Perutka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis examines the foreign policy of the United States towards Nicaragua between 1961-1973. When the John F. Kennedy administration took office in 1961, there was concern about developments in Cuba and, in particular, the possibility of a similar fate in Latin American countries. This concern gave rise to the largest foreign aid program up to that time, the Alliance for Progress. Although it was a comprehensive aid scheme taking into account both economic and social issues, the results of the Alliance were contradictory. Nicaragua was a case in point. This paper uses the case study method to explain the results of the Alliance for Progress using Nicaragua as an example. By synthesizing literary sources and secondary literature, the various objectives of the Alliance for Progress are evaluated. The first part of the thesis examines the political situation of the United States both domestically and globally. The second part of the thesis describes the nature of the Alliance for Progress, the fulfilment of its goals, and the implications for the people of the Republic of Nicaragua. The thesis concludes that in the case of Nicaragua, the Alliance for Progress succeeded in the economic sphere. However, the vast majority of social issues remained unresolved and the Alliance's main objective, to...
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Evolution of Open Source Intelligence
Pozan, Brian ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Pondělíček, Jiří (referee)
This thesis explores the evolution of Open Source Intelligence (OSINT), a method of intelligence gathering that is becoming increasingly relevant in the digital age. The thesis explores the historical evolution of OSINT, from its humble beginnings as a tool used to monitor foreign propaganda and for military purposes, to its current role as a key tool in many fields such as cybersecurity, marketing, business, social sciences, law, and sports. The thesis will explain that it is not only new technologies such as radio, television and the Internet that have contributed to the development of OSINT, but also security challenges such as World War II and the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York in 2001. The paper will also show what challenges OSINT has faced since its inception and how these challenges have changed. Furthermore, the thesis will show, through several case studies, how OSINT has worked in different periods. In the conclusion of the thesis, I will evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of OSINT and explain in which direction OSINT will continue to develop in the light of the ever-increasing volume of publicly available data.
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