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The effect of smoking on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs II - review
Michalíková, Adéla ; Doseděl, Martin (advisor) ; Malý, Josef (referee)
INFLUENCE OF SMOKING ON DRUG'S PHARMACODYNAMICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS II Author: Mgr. Adéla Michalíková Supervisor of the thesis: PharmDr. Martin Doseděl, Ph.D. Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Introduction: The interaction between smoking cigarettes and using some types of drugs can significantly affect pharmacotherapy. For example, reducing of therapeutic effect or occurrence of side effects can be caused by smoking cigarettes. Aims: The aim of the study was to describe and summarize information about interaction between smoking and selected drugs. Methods: Sources were searched by bibliographic database such as PubMed and by web-search engine Google Scholar, in this diploma thesis. Examples of searched keywords are "smoking", "drug's interaction", "pharmacokinetics", "pharmacodynamics" etc. Keywords were entered individually or in combination. The most related articles were chosen for this thesis. From book sources, Stockley's drug interaction was used to search about information of drug's interactions with smoking. Results: The available literature indicates that the mechanism of the interaction between smoking and drugs is largely at the pharmacokinetic level, in particular by increasing drug metabolism by induction of...
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Characterization and evaluation of stability of oils from sea buckthorn berries
Michalíková, Adéla ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Kubíčková, Božena (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with characterization of sea buckthorn oil. The sea buckthorn oil is frequently used as a food supplement and in dermatology. The first part summarizes the literature on sea buckthorn oil and its biological effects. In the experimental part, the thesis deals with the comparison of three commercially available preparates of sea buckthorn oils. We employed the basic characteristics of these oils, including the determination of peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value and acid value using titration methods. Spectroscopic measurements were used to further characterize the oils. The comparised sea buckthorn oil samples differed strongly in the peroxide value and in the stability during storage. In this respect, the oil from Relikt - Art Engel company had significantly lower value (2,95 mekv/kg) compared to other two oil samples studied from Elith Phito and Virde companies with peroxide values 12,68 and 8,97 mekv/kg. This value was also much less prone to increase during storage. A similar difference was also found in spectral and colorimetric characteristics of the oil samples, where this oil displayed much less optical density then the other two samples. This might be a result of different technology used for production of oils, or it may reflect some adulteration,...
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Bohumil Hrabal's Too Loud a Solitude in the English Translation
Michalíková, Adéla ; Kalivodová, Eva (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee)
This thesis is deals with Hrabal's novella Too Loud a Solitude in the English translation and its reception. First, it briefly describes Hrabal's life and work in the context of the co called normalization period in Czechoslovakia, focusing on the novella itself and the three variations of the original Czech text. Before the translation analysis, the possible source text for the translation is discussed since the endings of the Czech text and the English translation are considerably different. The source of the difference was determined by consulting the French translation and related commentary. The analysis compares the ending of the original with the endings of the English and the French translation, translation of proper names and three selected sections of the Czech and the English text. Afterwards, the thesis describes the reception of the novella in Czech and English literature and also readers' reviews at the Goodreads website. The analysis and the reception are assessed on the basis of the theory of cultural manipulation. The most important achievements are: identifying the source text for the English translation, description of translation method and shifts and discussion of differences between the Czech and the English attitude to the novella. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Flavonoids and other biologically active compound in sea buckthorn
Michalíková, Adéla ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Moserová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis summarizes information about sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), about chemical composition of different parts and products based on this species, and about their biologically active contents. A special emphasis is given to the oil prepared from sea buckthorn fruits. Sea buckthorn is a rich source of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoids and carotenoids. The oil contains high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, in particular of palmitooleic acid. The beneficial effects on human health make sea buckthorn and products from this plant popular food supplements. The second part of this thesis describes analytical methods used for determination of bioactive compounds in sea buckthorn.The protocols based on high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography or capillary electrophoresis are described in more detail. In the experimental part, four samples of sea buckthorn oil (two from Czech and two from Mongolian producers) were compared using absorption spectrophotometry and colorimetric evaluation using the CIELab method. Both samples of Czech origin displayed somewhat shifted absorption maxima and much weaker absorption, their coloration being much weaker. This may suggest some adulteration of these products Keywords: Sea buckthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides,...
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