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SPD from the Socio-Cultural Approach to Populism
Luková, Nicole ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Těmín, Kristián (referee)
The thesis analyses the political movement Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) in relation to the socio-cultural approach to populism. For this purpose, it uses the characteristic features of the socio-cultural approach defined mainly by P. Ostiguy and other scholars. The author analyses the external communication of Tomio Okamura, the leader of the political movement Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD), through the podcast Mezi dvěma světy (<Between two worlds=), available on the streaming platforms YouTube and Spotify. In the first part of the thesis, different approaches to populism were presented: ideational, strategic and socio-cultural. The main element of the socio-cultural approach is in particular the role of the charismatic leader. The second part presents the political movement Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD), followed by the application of the features of the socio-cultural approach to populism through the analysis of the podcast.
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UKIP and FPÖ, comparative analysis of party-based euroscepticism
Nováčková, Kateřina ; Polášek, Martin (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
The focus of the bachelor thesis is Euroscepticism and radical right parties. At first, the thesis describes the origins and roots of contemporary Euroscepticism, the next step is to present the main theoretical approaches. Based on that, the theoretical framework will be introduced. The aim is to define to which type of Euroscepticism belong United Kingdom Independence Party and Freedom Party of Austria and compare their manifestos during the period 2009-2014.
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Idea of Political Equality in Democratic Thought of Nadia Urbinati and Jeffrey Green
Bureš, Robin ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Šíma, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focussed on political equality in democratic thought of Nadia Urbinati and Jeffrey Edward Green. Both authors understand unequal share of political power between citizens as a one of the most significant problems of current liberal democracies. However, each of them approaches the problem differently. Green understands the unequal access to decision power as a today's reality of contemporary democracies that is only hardly going to change. With his concept of ocular democracy, he seeks new ways of popular empowerment. Nadia Urbinati is defending her conception of democracy as a diarchy, which is a political arrangement based on separation of two types of civil power, will and opinion. In her theoretical work, Urbinati tries to combine the reality of today's mass societies with the democratic ideals. The bachelor thesis is focused on these two approaches. First is introduced Green's theory (including the contextual and historic background of his theoretical approach). Secondly the theory of Nadia Urbinati is presented. Conclusion of the work represents a brief reflection about the particularity of both approaches and their importance to contemporary theory of democracy. Keywords: Jeffrey Edward Green, Nadia Urbinati, political equality, ocular democracy, plebiscitary...
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Conspiracy Theories in Democracy
Kott, Josef ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Těmín, Kristián (referee)
This bachelor's thesis explores the conspiracy theory of a rigged 2020 US presidential election created by Donald Trump as a form of political manipulation. This is done using the theoretical basis of Robert Goodin's manipulation theory. This theoretical framework is introduced as well as the basic characteristics of conspiracy theories. The thesis also presents Trump's narratives of voter fraud, how they evolved during the campaign and after the election, how they spread, and what their most immediate impact was. This particular conspiracy theory is analyzed by Goodin's manipulation theory and how serious the theory considers the manipulation to be. Keywords manipulation, conspiracy theory, Donald Trump, new conspiracism, electoral fraud, narrative
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Representation of Women in Czech Politics
Mráz, Tomáš ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Rádková, Adéla (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of low representation of women in political institutions in the Czech Republic. It examines this still topical problem primarily by confronting it with theories of representation, which are the main part of the thesis. In the first part, it focuses on the standard model of political representation, and tries to show several concepts that specifically focus on the states of low representation of population groups. The focus here will be on the different notions of descriptive and substantive representation, the existence of shared group perspectives and interests, and the possible division between the politics of presence and the politics of ideas. The second part will introduce the constructivist turn as a possible alternative to the standard model of political representation. It will draw here primarily on the concept of the representative claim, the closer introduction of which will attempt to expose the shortcomings of existing thinking about political representation. In the conclusion, the findings presented in the theoretical part will be confronted and connected with each other using the concrete example of the non-profit organization Forum 50%, which is dedicated to the representation of women in Czech politics. As a result, the thesis aims to...
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Agonistic pluralism and Deliberative democracy's criticism
Bučoková, Bernardeta ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Těmín, Kristián (referee)
The thesis deals with theory of deliberative democracy in classic conception by Jürgen Habermas, German political philosopher and leading representative of deliberative democracy. Fist part of the thesis describes the origin, historical development and theoretical framework of mentioned theory - its principles, characteristics and components. It explains how the principles of deliberation work, which is considered as a key element of deliberative democracy. Second part of thesis tries to describe the attitude of Chantal Mouffe, Belgian political scientist and representative of radical democracy, towards deliberative democracy. It describes her criticism against the lack of pluralism, antagonism and agonism in deliberative democracy. This thesis is trying to specify these shortages in some of the chapters and subsections. Thesis's Conclusion dedicates to answer principal questions - wether is democratic decision-making a form of deliberation, therefore concession, or is it a democratic process with a form of conflict.
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Quotas in politics as a way to obtain equality between the sexes?
Mottlová, Markéta ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Vargovčíková, Jana (referee)
The main purpose of this text is to answer a question whether quotas in politics create conditions for obtaining equality between the sexes. Women's consistent underrepresentation in legislatures constitutes a democratic deficit and quotas are suggested as a possible means of attaining women's equal participation in political decision-making. Arguments for and against quotas will be showed. Quotas are aligned with several concepts - a politics of presence, descriptive representation and differentiated citizenship. It will be also explained why the unequal distribution of the unpaid labor of the family is a major obstacle for women to gain equality in politics. It will be described what types of quotas are actually applied, what are the effects of gender quotas in terms of numbers as well as the empowerment of women and under what conditions are women politicians able to make use of their positions as elected politicians. Attention will be paid to some years of experience with the implementation of quotas in Africa, whether the inclusion of women in politics furthers democratization and interests of women. South Africa will be showed as a country in which gender quotas are applied with success. In contrast negative effects of quotas in certain political system and context will be pointed out.
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Gender politics of Great Britain during the Premiership of David Cameron and Tony Blair
Kubíková, Kateřina ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
(in English): The aim of the theses is to map the development of feminization of two main British political parties, Conservative and Labour party from the point of view of descriptive participation, i.e. women representation in the party and parliamentary structure. Incorporation of women organization into the party structure including also integration of women's concerns into the party manifesto is another topic presented in the text. Attitude towards women advancement and women enfranchisement based on the overall perception of women identity are also included. The second part of the thesis focuses on specific premiership period of Tony Blair and David Cameron with regards to the aspect of feminization mentioned above and legislative steps and their influence on life and position of women in wider society. As a part of the theses, the comparison of both terms of office, from the point of view of their attitudes towards women's issues and strategies of promoting women political participation, are involved.
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Discourse Analysis of Election Campaings of the Populist Parties in the Czech Republic
Hruška, Matouš ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
Two populist movements - ANO and Úsvit přímé demokracie - were successful in the by-election for the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Using several tools of the discourse analysis, this paper analyze the nature of their populism. We are trying to answer, how these populist movements construct their idea of the elite, people and how they understand themselves. This paper also summarize theoretical approaches to populism in the Czech context. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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