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Research on Strategies Students Use when Solving Problem Tasks
Koreneková, Kateřina ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the identification of strategies, which are used by lower-secondary school students when solving problem tasks in chemistry. The strategies were identified during talks with ninth-grade students. The talks conducted by using the Think-aloud method were connected with solution of selected problem tasks. The ascertained strategies were classified as expansive strategies (such strategy can be used to solve more types of problems) and limiting strategies (such strategy can be used to solve easy task, but they can fail when solving more difficult tasks). Furthermore, reader's strategies, which help students to understand the tasks were separately identified. Also, other problems that students had to face when solving the tasks were identified. To identify problematic elements a collection of problem tasks named Metodické komentáře a úlohy ke standardům pro základní vzdělávání - chemie (Methodical comments and tasks for educational standards for elementary education - chemistry) were used. The results showed that when students solved the tasks, which were larger and more difficult, they often used reading strategies, which consist in multiple reading and reading aloud. Some of the expansive strategies the students used consisted in analogous deducing and logical reasoning....
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Environmental Aspects of Chemistry Teaching and Learning at High School
Schmutzerová, Linda ; Bílek, Martin (advisor) ; Klečková, Marta (referee) ; Feszterová, Melánia (referee)
The abstract The main aim of the dissertation was to find out the level of knowledge and opinions of secondary technical and especially grammar school students in the field of Chemistry focusing on environmental problems of these days and their solutions. As a follow up of the research and the analysis of the current curriculum in Chemistry in grammar schools there are suggestions for some amendments in this subject. First of all, current trends of the environmental studies in different years of the educational system were monitored and the research results of preparation, realization and evaluation in secondary technical and grammar schools were analysed. In order to find out the level of environmental aspects in the content of the Chemistry textbooks currently in use at grammar schools, they were analysed by focusing on their eco-oriented content, the useable parts in each chapter were evaluated and some recommendations for their amendments were offered. Selected grammar school and secondary technical school students undertook the survey in order to find out their knowledge and opinions about the current environmental problems. The method of the research was conducted in the form of research questions and relevant hypothesis which was focused on finding out attitudes and opinions about the creation and...
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Microcomputer-Based Laboratory in Secondary School Chemistry Education
Stratilová Urválková, Eva ; Šmejkal, Petr (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee) ; Nesměrák, Karel (referee)
Eva Stratilová Urválková; Dissertation Thesis Title: Microcomputer-Based Laboratory in Secondary School Chemistry Education Abstract School experimental practice should reflect the real laboratory practice so that school science keeps in touch with reality. Todays laboratories are fully equipped with instrumental devices that are often presented in media, so it is necessary that students have experience also with this way of experiments. For school purposes seem suitable probeware (school experimental systems), that combine modern technology with concept of student-centered learning (eg inquiry based science education) that should successfully prepare students for lifelong learning. During recent years probeware has become one of discussed topics in Czech science education, but there has been a lack of research examining whether both teachers and pupils are prepared to accept and implement probeware into school chemistry curriculum. Almost none research has been done in field search describing the way of using the probeware and microcomputer-based laboratory in Czech school curriculum. Presented mixed method research focuses on attitudes of chemistry teachers (N = 65), pre-service chemistry teachers (N = 38) and students (N = 50) regarding attitudes to general devices and measuring devices (or probeware) to...
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Students' Attitudes Towards Chemistry According to the Secondary School They Attend
Rusek, Martin ; Beneš, Pavel (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee)
TITLE: Students' Attitudes Towards Chemistry According to the Secondary School They Attend AUTHOR: PhDr. Martin Rusek DEPARTMENT: Katedra chemie a didaktiky chemie SUPERVISOR: prof. RNDr. Pavel Beneš, CSc. ABSTRACT: The research presented in this thesis completes the data with the information about so far neglected vocational schools students' attitudes towards chemistry. After the curricular reform, impact put on general education, including chemistry, brings considerable changes in this area. The questionnaire used was focused on three spheres: students' attitudes towards chemistry, didactical facilities used in chemistry education and students' attitudes towards particular chemical topics. The questionnaire was submitted to students (N = 959) at the beginning of the school year after they entered secondary school. That way the results reflect students' attitudes constructed at primary schools. The results show negative students' attitudes. They are mostly affected by the difficulty of the subject and also by students' low interest in the topics. It was also proved that topics close to students' lives play a vital role. Based on the results of the research, proposals may be word in order to solve the situation: emphasizing activating methods such as: experimental work and active observation, also...
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Methods Activating Students in Education of Chemistry
Kesnerová Řádková, Olga ; Bílek, Martin (advisor) ; Klečková, Marta (referee) ; Dobrovská, Dana (referee)
Topic: Methods of Activating Students in Education of Chemistry Author: Olga Kesnerová Řádková Abstract This dissertation work aims at teaching methods in the subject of chemistry and it concentrates mainly on methods with quite a high proportion of activation of pupils. The benefits and disadvantages of activating teaching methods, possible criteria for their choice, conditions for their putting into practice and similar, are described. Later, the work focuses on four chosen activating methods, namely brainstorming methods, project method, didactic games and work with a fictional and another type of a text which is applied here into natural science teaching, namely into chemistry teaching. A story with a chemical experiment can serve as an example. The research part contains a case study of putting project teaching methods into practice which includes a record and analysis of the condition and of the problem connected with its implementation, as well as the initiation of the project with the help of brainstorming methods. Participation observing, questionnaires, mini polls and discussions were used in our case study. Altogether 184 second year students for the teaching profession of the Pedagogical Faculty of Hradec Králové University took part in the research. On the basis of the results of the research...
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Innovations of Education Content and Methods in Teaching Chemistry Focusing on ICT-supported Visualization
Adamec, Martin ; Beneš, Pavel (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee) ; Šmejkal, Petr (referee)
The use of information and communication technologies, including computer graphics, in teaching chemistry is one of the frequent issues of contemporary chemistry didactics. Current publications are mainly focused on displaying structure of chemical compounds and symbolic form of chemical reactions. This thesis offers a more complex view on the computer graphics and other means of information and communication technologies - their possibilities and limits of use in teaching. The goal of the thesis is to provide an overview of selected computer-graphics technologies and to discuss their role during current curricular reform, based on current problems identified by students attending chemistry-teacher training courses and chemistry teachers. Usability of selected elements in pre-teaching and teaching phases was checked. Innovations of contemporary teaching methods were proposed using computer graphics. The thesis is focused on the area of visualization of educational content with use of computer graphics, computer-assisted innovation of methods and educational content, computer games and the role of computer graphics in didactic transformation. Two textbooks for lower-secondary and upper-secondary schools were created. These textbooks contain newly developed parts using computer graphics. According to...
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Multimedia and e-learning in teaching of chemistry
Hasoň, Karel ; Jančář, Luděk (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee) ; Kubáň, Vlastimil (referee)
This dissertation thesis is focused on problems of multimedia and e-learning and their use in chemistry education. In the theoretical part the knowledge dealing with problems of motivation, possibilities of connecting computer technics and multimedia into the educational process, requirements putting on authors of electronical materials and their users are summarized. Questions of knowledge testing and didactics tests production are also mentioned. In the practical part the description of the properties, possibilities and instructions of the use of the educational multimedia computer systems "School as a game", "Qualitative analysis" and "Nobel Prizes in chemistry" is carried out. These programs are determined for pupils of primary and secondary schools and students of universities preparing expectant teachers of chemistry. All this educational systems contain always sets of tests for curriculum training and certification of knowledge gained using above mentioned systems. The important part of the dissertation thesis is the clearly processed evaluation of pupils an students testing. The goal of the testing was to verify, if the educational materials, modified into the e-learning courses, make easy and improve training of tested respondents. Several appropriate groups of respondents were always...
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The creation and utilization efficiency of multimedia learning materials on teaching chemistry in high school (transition elements)
Veřmiřovský, Jan ; Bílek, Martin (advisor) ; Beneš, Pavel (referee) ; Ganajová, Mária (referee)
Topic: The Efficiency of Designing and Applying the Multimedia Study Materials in the Chemistry Instruction at Grammar schools (Transition Elements) Abstract Numerous researches prove, that the computer-supported learning content presentations are frequently applied within the process of instruction but the available results are general, global without focusing on respondents' age structure, detecting their interest in working with presentation programmes or correlation to teachers' computer literacy, i.e. using and designing their own computer-supported presentations of the learning content. These were the main reasons why the dissertation thesis focuses on the frequency of designing and using this type of presentations and multimedia objects according to the computer literacy level and the length of respondents' teaching practice in chemistry at grammar schools in the Czech Republic, mainly in the Moravian-Silesian region. The explorative methods were applied in the pedagogical research, i.e. the questionnaire method (traditional questionnaire and the questionnaire with assessment scales) and the Q-methodology. The research sample consists of 203 chemistry teachers in the traditional questionnaire and 99 ones in the questionnaire with assessment scales from all regions of the Czech Republic; the random...
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Hypermedia educational program Halogen chemistry and its use in chemistry education of gifted pupils
Teplý, Pavel ; Čipera, Jan (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee) ; Nižňanský, Daniel (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE, Faculty of Science Department of Teaching and Didactics of Chemistry Hypermedia educational program Halogen chemistry and its application in the education of gifted pupils in chemistry Mgr. Pavel Teplý Summary of Ph.D. Thesis Prague 2010 This Ph.D. thesis was worked out during a regular doctoral study at the Department of Teaching and Didactics of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. Proposer: Mgr. Pavel Teplý Studijní program: Vzdělávání v chemii Katedra učitelství a didaktiky chemie Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jan Čipera, CSc. Katedra učitelství a didaktiky chemie Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Supervisorconsultant: Doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Mička, CSc. Katedra anorganické chemie Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Doc. PhDr. Jiří Škoda, Ph.D. Katedra pedagogiky Pedagogická fakulta Univerzity Jana Evangelisty Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem KEY WORDS Hypermedia; education software; interactive and flexible program; XHTML; halogen chemistry; videorecording of chemical experiments; education of gifted pupils; distance education; e-learning. Introduction The education of gifted pupils reflects problems dealt by the current...
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