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Minimum wage : theory, policies and economic consequences in the Czech Republic
Fialová, Kamila ; Erbenová, Michaela (advisor)
Minimum wage is a highly controversial instrument of labour market policies. Economic theorists have not reached a broad consensus regarding its consequences so far. The same situation applies to empirical research. Nevertheless, minimum wage is used in many developed countries and its utilization is recommended by different international organizations Advocates of minimum wage seek arguments mainly in decreasing poverty of low income individuals, reducing income disparities, motivation of low productive workers and making work pay. However noble these goals might be, minimum wage would not be an effective tool to promote them as it might increase only incomes of those individuals who work. Moreover, introducing and increasing minimum wage might represent a large burden for employers who might decide to fire workers, whose productivity would not reach the minimum wage. To the extent in which these negative consequences would occur, potential benefits for working poor would be limited. The thesis summarises the results of various economic concepts of minimum wage, empirical studies of its consequences and international trends in approaching of this issue. Consecutively, it presents an analysis of the minimum wage development in the Czech Republic since its introduction in 1991 and of the impact of...
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Nábytek pro seniory
Fialová, Karolína
Master's thesis deals with furniture for the elderly. The goal is analysis of elderly furniture. The begining of the thesis is about demography and about important information regarding elderly, their habitation, psychology, health and furniture features. Next, the thesis deals with market research. Survey in retirement homes has the goal find out features about furniture in retirement homes and find out information from clients and nursing personnel about satisfaction with furniture and requirements for furniture. In the end of thesis the informations are completely evaluate and used for create missing furniture element and create informative handout.
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Application of unmanned aerial vehicles in environmental data collection
Fialová, Kateřina ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Müllerová, Jana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the description of development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the context of the natural sciences. Firstly there are given general existing knowledge about these technologies further, it focuses directly on their use in environmental sciences. From commercial mapping field to the scientific research of various measurement. The major use is mapping by using multi- spectral cameras or measuring by various special sensors. The second part focuses on specific projects related to the use of UAVs. This part is a professional research indicating the scientific references, specific projects and current information obtained by using the Internet. There is also an assessment of the usability of the data obtained for data processing in GIS. The third final part contains some selected case studies to demonstrate the use of these resources to collect environmental data. Data for the case studies was provided free of charge by company engaged in the deployment of UAVs in cooperation with scientific institutions and universities.
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Essays on Public Finance
Lichard, Tomáš ; Hanousek, Jan (advisor) ; Palda, Filip (referee) ; Fialová, Kamila (referee)
This dissertation analyzes two presently widely discussed topics in Public Finance: relationship between the shadow economy and tax policy, and the effect of financial transaction taxes on the functioning of financial markets. The first chapter describes presently used estimators of the size of the shadow economy, with a focus on microeconomic estimators. It illustrates problems with assumptions that a vast majority of recent studies use to identify underreporting (mainly the comparison of employed and self-employed) using data from four transition economies as an example. It shows that the most common assumption, that self-employed evade whereas employees do not is probably too strict in less compliant economies, where even employees have opportunities to evade through e.g. under-the-table wages or by moonlighting at unreported jobs. The second chapter develops an estimator of unreported income that relaxes some of these strict assumptions. Assuming only that tax-evading households have a higher consumption- income gap than non-evaders in surveys, an endogenous switching model with unknown sample separation enables the estimation of both the probability of hiding income and the expected amount of unreported income for each household. Using data from Czech and Slovak household...
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Protected areas and protective zones of nature and landscape
Fialová, Kristýna ; Franková, Martina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with protected areas and protective zones of nature and landscape in environmental law. The main themes are National Parks and Protected Landscape Areas. The thesis is divided into eight thematically connected chapters. It deals with international, European and national sources of law. It describes basic characteristics of protected areas; deals with declaring protected areas, protective conditions and other ways of their protection. The separate sections are focus on the system NATURA 2000, Natural Park, Temporarily Protected Area and protective zones. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the law regulation of the land protection and highlight the problems of some institutes
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Implementation of nursing practice standards in Nachod Regional Hospital
Fialová, Kateřina ; Vrzáček, Petr (advisor) ; Slanina, Petr (referee)
8 ABSTRACT Title: Implementation of nursing practice standards in Nachod Regional Hospital Author: Kateřina Fialová Department: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Management and Supervision in Social and Health Organisations Supervisor: Mgr. Petr Vrzáček, Department of Management and Supervision in Social and Health Organisations The focus of the thesis was development and especially implementation of nursing practice standards as well as exploration of non-medical health professionals' attitudes towards this process in Nachod Regional Hospital. The theoretical part clarified the concept of quality, standard, audit, accreditation, certification and also addressed the role of health and nursing care management in quality control. The practical part was divided into three research sections. The first one diagnosed nursing practice standards, their prototype version above all. The findings from this diagnosis provided two recommendations - to revise current version of methodology for standard process creation and to start changing health professionals' attitudes towards standards and standardization of nursing practice. The quantitative research in the second section analysed in detail attitudes and motivation of non-medical health professionals to make the development...
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Creating an Educational Project Financed by the EU Structural Funds
Páleníková Fialová, Kateřina ; Schönová, Vanda (referee) ; Juřica, Pavel (advisor)
The subject of the bachelor thesis is preparation of a project application for an educational project subsidized by the European Union. The thesis includes an analysis of the requirements that are necessary for the preparation of the project. The theoretical part of the thesis contains the characteristic of the European structural and investment funds and the project management. In addition, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the grant opportunities provided by the EU and the selection of an appropriate operational program for project application processing.
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Financing of Business Activities of the Selected Company
Fialová, Kristýna ; Galbavý, Michal (referee) ; Ptáček, Roman (advisor)
Master´s thesis concerns about financing of business activities of the selected company. Master´s thesis is divided into 3 main parts, theoretical, analytical and proposal part. The theoretical part focuses on financial analysis and available methods of financing business acitivites and analytical part contains theoretical knowledge applied to the selected company. The last part of the master´s thesis, proposal part contains solution increasing financial stability and leading to desirable development of business activities of the selected company.
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Three Essays on Labor Market Institutional Environment
Fialová, Kamila ; Schneider, Ondřej (advisor) ; Münich, Daniel (referee) ; Brada, Josef (referee) ; Dybczak, Kamil (referee) ; Janáček, Kamil (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Three Essays on Labor Market Institutional Environment Dissertation Thesis Kamila Fialová Prague 2012 Abstract This thesis consists of three papers about labor market institutional environment. The first paper "Labor Market Institutions and Their Effect on Labor Market Performance in the New EU Member Countries" estimates the effects of labor market institutions on various performance indicators (unemployment, long-term unemployment, employment, activity rate) in European countries. The results confirm that high taxes increase unemployment, whereas active labor market policies tend to reduce it. The paper also shows that stricter employment protection, higher taxes, and a larger economic burden represented by the minimum wage decrease employment and activity rates. The second paper "Labor Market Institutions and Their Impact on Shadow Economies in Europe" analyzes the role of labor market institutions in explaining developments of shadow economies in European countries using several alternative measures of the shadow sector. The results indicate that the one institution that unambiguously increases shadow production and employment is strict employment protection legislation. Other labor market institutions have less...
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Media literacy and children younger school age
Fialová, Kristina ; Fialová, Irena (advisor) ; Novák, Jaroslav (referee)
Annotation: The diploma thesis occupies with the Media Education, its realization in families with preschool and primary school children and its link-up to the Media Education taught at primary school. It follows more aspects to find out how children are protected against the risks that media provides. The theoretical part solves the basis of the theme using the explanations of concepts regarding of media, its usage, positives and negatives and its way of learning the media literacy. The practical part comes out of parents' and pupils' utterances about the Media Education realized in families. The teaching of the Media Education at schools was found out by questioning of teachers at primary schools. The results of my thesis could point out the risks that media can pose and against which children are not sufficiently protected.
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