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Women's Agency in the Czech Political Catholicism (1896-1939)
Havelka, Jiří ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
This dissertation is based on a socio-cultural and social-anthropological approach to religion which (among other things) says that religion is dependent on the society in which it occurs. The ambition of the dissertation is not to capture "official positions" of the Catholic Church about the role of women in modern society. The dissertation is focusing on the perspective of Catholic women themselves. My main aim is to observe the opinion Catholic women have about themselves, and whether they reflect social or modernization changes. I will also observe, how they negotiated their role within the Czech political Catholicism. Time specification includes the end of the nineteenth century when women got more opportunities in the public sphere. As well as the period of independent Czechoslovakia and its constitution which declared the equal status of men and women.
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The Influence of On-line Identity from the World of Damokles on Everydayness
Beseda, Jan ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee) ; Bužeková, Tatiana (referee)
The Influence of On-line Identity from the World of Damokles on Everydayness Abstract The doctoral thesis focuses on on-line world Damokles and its users. It investigates how their on-line identity influences their everyday off-line life. It also focuses on the way the social ties and networks are created among its users and how on-line community is constructed. I especially focus on the mutual impact of on-line and off-line activities of Damokles users. I based the research on qualitative methodology, especially engaged observation of members of Damokles community in the on-line realm as well as during their off-line activities; informal, semi-structured dialogues with the members of the community; and analysis and interpretation of texts from the world Damokles and about the world Damokles. I classify my work under the new anthropological sub- discipline, cyberanthropology, which studied humans and changes of human existence in the context of modern computer information and communication technologies (Soukup 2009, 138). I also deal with the specifics of this anthropological sub- discipline and issues connected with research in the on-line realm. Key words: cyberanthropology, on-line worlds, everydayness, on- line community, ethnography, time, identity
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Pietas bohemica transformata. The transformation of Czech popular religiosity and its sources in the 18th and 19th centuries with special focus on the region of Eastern Bohemia
Nešpor, Zdeněk ; Maur, Eduard (advisor)
The thesis is concemed with the study of Czech popular religiosity during the transition from a "pre-modem", heteroreferential society, through enlightened modemisation transformations, to the beginnings of a modem, autoreferential society. It is because of this, together with the importance of extemal institutional changes, that the author has chosen the period from the so-called Rebellion of Opocno (1732) to the issue of the Protestant Decree (1861), which equalised Protestant churches with those of the Catholics. This period of interest includes the issue of the Tolerance Decree, the development of the Czech national movement, the revolution of 1848, and the issue of the so-called Protestant Provisory. The thesis focuses mainly on the region of Eastem Bohemia, since this contained the highest concentration of secret non-Catholics in the pre-Tolerance period, together with high concentrations of the allowed Protestant confessions (Augsburg and Reformed confessions) and unallowed sectarians later; moreover this area become the most important source of small Protestant churches and transformed the sectarian movement later on. The research has combined historico-sociological and historico-anthropological approaches in order to gain a deeper understanding of the religious ideas of unprivileged sections of the...
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Ways of identity representation of Tajik Pamirs in relation to Religious and Language Affiliation
Retka, Tomáš ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Šatava, Leoš (referee) ; Kokaisl, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses on the subject of group identities of Tajik Pamirs. The ethnonym "Pamir" describes inhabitants of the mountainous region of Pamir, who differ by their religious confession, language affiliation, together with some other aspects of material culture from other groups living in the area of contemporary Tajik Republic. The official policy of the Tajik republic does not recognise Pamirs as an ethnic minority, legally they are all considered as being part of Tajik majority. However, neither Tajiks, nor Pamirs themselves identify with this version of ascribed nationality as interpreted by the State. Members of both groups highlight mutual cultural differences (mainly drawing on religious confession), through which they delimit from each other. The aim of this thesis is to analyze factors that influence forms and ways the identities of the mountain Pamirs manifest themselves. The text reflects the issue mainly on three basic levels: language affiliation, religious confession and kinship. Language affiliation and religious confession prese nt basic aspects of Pamirs' group identities. Through these aspects Pamirs define themselves against members of other (non-Pamirs) groups, specifically against majority Tajiks. The thesis also asks questions about the role of such concepts of Pamirs'...
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Barn and Tempel. German Churches in North Bohemia around the Year of 1900
Řičánková, Alena ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Petrasová, Taťána (referee) ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (referee)
Although the North Bohemian region is mainly associated with the industrial rise of the second half of the nineteenth century, which altered the local scenery and cities irreversibly, there were also far more traditional constructions being built around 1900, such churches. Between their solid-state and period concept is blended the influence of the authentic architectural progression, individual impress of architects, furthermore liturgical requirements of particular beliefs and concrete visions of owner-builders. Back then the ideal image of a church was seen as the root of discussion and polemic when many theoretical texts and building regulations were originated. The submitted work observes mainly the use of modern architectonic components following authentically traditional church architecture type. It is done pre-eminently, based on written theory and architectural practices confrontation. The given discussion I pursue with Catholics, Old-Catholics and mainly with Evangelical Confessions, whose base of theoretical text is the widest and newly build churches the most numerous. The subject given is closely related to national questions, situation and purpose of the German inhabitants resided in the territory of North Bohemia. As well as to fundamental influences that were coming here from neighboring...
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In the Name of Christ-Selected Thoughts of the Members of the Lesser Czech Evangelical Churches in the Period 1890-1940
Mašek, Tomáš ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (referee)
The work focuses on the specification of the specificities of the thinking of some smaller evangelical churches in the territory of Bohemia in the period 1890-1940. Specifically, this is the Brethren Unity of Chelčický (Baptist), the Unity of Czech Brethren (formerly Reformed Free Church) and the Evangelical Methodist Church. The focus of the interpretation is to introduce the construction of confessional identity based on the relationship to the past and the specific interpretation of the personalities and events that shaped the tradition from which these churches were based. Another element forming the identity of the members of these churches was their attitude to the modern secularization tendencies against which they stood in opposition. Last but not least, their confessional consciousness determined their definition of other forms of piety. The aim of the work was to provide, based on the study of the published written sources left by the members of these three churches, a comparison and characterization of their way of viewing certain subjects through their religious beliefs.
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