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Selected psychological characteristics of interaction and communication in criminal investigation of violent criminality
Boukalová, Hedvika ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee)
The work is focused on selected aspects of interaction and communication between investigator and investigated person in investigation of serious criminality. The primary social-psychological point of view on this interaction tries to stay within the applied focus to the field of investigative psychology. At the beginning the work is focused on important investigative conditions and also social-psychological context. After that it 5 moves to specific conditions on the side of investigated person, to motivation of participation in criminal investigation, to the topic of suggestibility and its role in testimony, importance of psychological disorders in the interaction with the investigator and context of investigation. Another topic is testimony as a result of interaction between investigator and investigated person, this chapter is more specifically focused on problem situations and a question of deceitful testimony. Following is the topic of social pressure in investigation and its different manifestations. The attention is devoted more thoroughly to different approaches of persuasive information processing as a bases for deeper understanding of specific interviewing techniques. In the following chapter we are concerned with the conditions on the side of the investigator, to see closer the demands of his...
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Psychotherapeutic care for adolescents failing in difficult situations.
Bauer, Jiří ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Dobrovská, Dana (referee)
The central motive of this dissertation thesis was to find an effective method of helping young people approaching adulthood manage difficult situations - which they were unable to deal with - through psychotherapeutic care. Their failure was most often demonstrated by their unsatisfactory results in school performance or duties given at training workplaces. Although the causes were different, the outcome was the same for all of them: a proposal to suspend them from their secondary school or their training college. In theoretical solutions as well as in research and its applications it seemed useful to refer to many influences and their combinations that enter the life of each individual. Therefore it is very difficult, even impossible to exactly identify the causes of a beginning of a crisis of a maturing adolescent. All involved examined persons were nevertheless faced with a mirror of their own testimonies through the results of psycho-diagnostical tests, artefacts and discussions with their parents, teachers, vocational trainers and especially with themselves. And together with them, we were searching for a way out from their crisis. The theoretical solutions explain the key concepts and their relations directly to psychological research and its application into the therapeutic care. They describe a...
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Psychosocial characteristics of juvenile violent deliquents
Běhalová, Ivana ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
The theoretical part of the thesis offers an overvIew of theoretical concepts of motivation for violent crime. It deals with questions of aggression, and elaborates on characteristics of adolescence from the social developmental view. The research (practical) part of the thesis includes 11 case studies of juvenile violent offenders. The individual case studies concentrate on parenting styles, emotional atmosphere and life style softhe sentence adolescents (school anamnesis, peer relationship). The research also focuses on perceived life satisfaction of the sentenced with a perspective to the future after release from prison. General 'stress situation problem-solving of the sentenced is discussed.
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Rogerian psychotherapy - the development of theory and practise of the person-centered approach in psychotherapy
Šiffelová, Daniela ; Junková, Vendula (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
The study Rogerian Psychotherapy is concerned with the theory and practice of the Person-Centered Approach in psychotherapy. First, it introduces the historical development and the background of the approach and summarizes the classical theory of personality and therapy as was presented by Carl Rogers. Next, the study reflects the current problems of the present Person-Centered Approach and presents some of the latest conceptions in the theory of personality and psychopathology. In the last part, it describes Dave Mearns's unique concept of the quality of the therapeutic relationship - the relational depth. The study is concluded with an example of Mearns's transcribed therapeutic setting, which also demonstrates the real picture of the Person-Centered Therapy. The ultimate aim of this study is to show, that the Person-Centered Approach is still a lively and evolving approach that is able to reflect the needs in the society, deal with the critics' remarks and preserve its unique concept of person.
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Potentialities of adolescents' social skills development at secondary schools
Krejčová, Lenka ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Blatný, Marek (referee)
The dissertation thesis presents results of a several-year research project which focused on potential development of adolescents' social skills at secondary schools. The first chapters summarize various concepts, knowledge and theories connected with our topic. The emphasis is put on socialization in adolescence which is an ontogenetic aspect of maturation which points to the dissertation's main theme. The thesis also introduces social skills and emphasizes their necessary development at secondary schools in terms of complex sociocognitive development. Social skills are also tightly connected with academic success and their development also prevents risk behaviour. Social skills development is further considered in connection with teachers who belong among crucial sources of social support and development in adolescence. Another important social group at school environment involves peers who form school classes and affect each other in the course of the whole educational process. Finally, the social skills are introduced in connection with academic success, i.e. motivation toward school work, and academic efficacy. Both these characteristics of the educational process depend on social skills and simultaneously affect academic results. Last chapters of the theoretical part draw attention to different forms...
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Psychological aspects of victimization
Velikovská, Martina ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
The thesis deals with still more discussed issue of crime victims and their victimization. Consideration is given to victim herself, to her status in our society and to the role, which during the crime scene plays. Special emphasize is placed on the victim in terms of the process of abusing the victim and of the trauma in which such treatment results. The whole problematic is replenished with numerus experience from the police practice. In an effort to prevent from victimization, the section is attached dealing with possible ways of solving traumatic situations, i.e. prevention of this phenomenon. Final part of the thesis consists of factual cases, which helps to document the whole problematic matter contained in the thesis.
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Psychological characteristics of adolescents educational environment
Lidická, Jana ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the psychological characteristics of the educational environment of adolescents. Within the frame of this work we consider the educational environment to be mainly the environment of school and family. This environment is considered to be the most important socialization agent and environment where youngsters spend most of their time during the teenage years. The theoretical part of the paper characterizes the period of adolescence, its bio-psychosocial transformation and its specifics in relation to the family and school environment. Further, we deal with the issue of educational and socialization processes and educational environment, with the emphasis on the specifics of the family and school environments. The school educational environment is created through the interaction between the teacher and the students. In the final chapter of the theoretical part we survey the diverse conceptions of assessing styles of educational action and results of previous research dealing with the same topic. The empirical part of the work aims to map the subjective perception of the educational environment of family and school in a sample of the current generation of adolescents. For this purpose we used subjective evaluation of the family educational environment and the environment created...
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Specific problems of parenting and upbringing of twins
Benešová, Markéta ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor)
This work deals with the issue of parenthood and the upbringing of twins from their conception till the age of three. The theoretical part generally defines the terms family, parenthood and education. Further on it attempts to clarify some specific features of parenthood and upbringing of twins, especially the issue of experiencing parenthood, creating a parent-twin relationship, specifics of interactions between parents and their twins and the early development of the identity of the twins. The practical part focuses on research issues related to the experience of being a parent of twins, educational problems and practices of such parents, the impact of parenthood on the quality of a partnership between parents, creating the parents' relationship with twins, and support of their individuality. The goal of this work was to map the major problems which parents of twins in the Czech Republic face in the care and upbringing of their twins in the early period of their children's lives and to outline possibilities for further research in this area.
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