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Formation of personality in the prenatal stage and its consequences for educational development
Menšíková, Jana ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Krykorková, Hana (referee)
V posledních letech stále více slyšíme nejen v médiích o problémech současného světa. Problémech regionálních a zejména problémech globálních, ať už environmentálních, interkulturních či antroposociálních. Neustále slyšíme o zhoršujících se mezilidských vztazích ať už v rodině, ve škole, v obcích, v politice, v celé společnosti. Hledají se různé cesty možné nápravy, a tudíž i příčiny tohoto současného stavu. Je jisté, že příčin je mnoho, možná více, než si je společnost schopna uvědomit a ochotna připustit. Tudíž i cest k nápravě současné situace je nespočet. Jednou z nich může být i vědomé utváření osobnosti člověka již v prenatálním období. Součástí světa jsou lidé, a změny mohou nastat tehdy, pokud se kromě anonymního "my" budeme obracet k osobnímu "já". Mnozí psychologové soudí, že mnoho problémů každého z nás vzniká již v průběhu prenatálního a perinatálního života. A i vzájemný vztah dítěte s jeho okolím, nastává již od početí. Nejprve pouze s matkou, později i s dalšími.
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The role of freedom and its impact on personality
Drechselová, Pavlína ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
In the following academic paper I discuss the issue of freedom, which constitutes a key issue in a person's life in the modern society. Due to this reason, the issue of freedom is dealt with in a more comprehensive manner. The chapter The Relation between Well-being and Freedom is a topic, which deals with the causes, which led to freedom becoming something, which is taken for granted and perceived as a universal human characteristic in the present world. It relates to the task one is confronted with. To be a person, who lives one's own decisions and assumes responsibility for them. The next chapter is titled Personality as a Task. The issues discussed in this chapter indicate that a person's task in a society, which ensures legitimate individual freedom, is to build one's own personality and self-fulfilment. At the same time, it identifies the phenomena that hinder this process as well as those, which should become the means of personality upbringing. The chapter The Issue of Freedom discusses the definition of the term freedom and its possible conception in terms of science and personality. Positively defined freedom offers possible solutions of its inclusion in upbringing. The chapter The Role of Freedom in Upbringing relates to quantitative goals of education and is conceived as follows: theory of...
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The role of non-profit organisations in determining leisure time activity of children and adolescent youth
Al-Amelová, Kateřina ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
In the first part, it discussess adolescence from the point of view of psychology and sociology. The next part attempts to define the key concepts: peer group, free time and non-profit sector and following comes an overview of organisations providing leisure time activities to adolescents, including the non-profit organisations. The empirical part presents results of a small enquiry, which was carried to find out how adolescents really spend their leisure time, what organisations assist them in that and how they learn about these possibilities. Last but not least, it also investigated whether and to what extent are they satisfied with the currently available options.
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Factors affecting social climate in primary school
Löblová, Eva ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Kasíková, Hana (referee)
This thesis is focused on the social and environmental factors affecting social climate in primary school classes. Since the beginning of the 1990's, this topic has found its deserved place in Czech pedagogical research. The thesis compares social climate at a private and state school in Prague and shows their common and different features. The results of the survey and social analysis could become an inspiration for discussion and further research for teachers.
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Formation of children's salue orientations of older pupilage
Gubánová, Blanka ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
The purpose of the thesis of the author Blanka Gubánová titled Formation of Children's Value Orientations of Older Pupilage is to deal with values, value orientations and value systems which are formed in the process of the human development. There are many factors to be related to the adoption of individual's values which are the part of sociocultural environment where the individual lives. The relation between them is therefore the object of the discussion in the first part (chapter 1 - 5). The issue of the values, value orientations and value systems are discussed from different perspectives. In the sixth and following the seventh chapters we analysed the developmental periods to show the gradual human maturation, self-evaluation, moral development which is reflected in the formation of value systems and orientations. The special attention is paid to adolescents.
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The influence of playing computer games on pupil's development
Pospíšilová, Lenka ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is about the effects of playing computer games on pupils and students behavior. It is divided into a theoretical and an investigative part. The theoretical part is dedicated to historical development of technologies and principals of game systems in relationship to technical progress. It adverts to psychological, social and biological effects of long time, intensive playing of games. It shows positive and negative effects ofthis activity. The work analyses typical pathological events in the area of computer games, which defines excessive playing as an addiction as well as describes the area of internet and its specific communication. It refers to the importance of computer communication for educational purposes and opportunities it offers. The investigative part is based on elaborating of a selfmade research, that investigates the player' s personality based on the standardized questionnaire JEPI and a questionnaire of own construction. It tries to answer the questions regarding the typology ofthe pupiľs personality, particularly with regard to family background, education, relations and applying skills gained from playing games.
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Ideal and real teacher of special subject from the perspective of pupils of secondary schools and students of university, evolution of preferences
Bednářová, Markéta ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
The present research work Ideal and real teacher of special subject from the perspective of pupils of secondary schools and students of university focuses on finding the opinion of pupils of secondary nursing schools and students of higher nursing schools and universities on teachers of nursing. The main objective was to deterrnine how the pupils and students represent the ideal teacher, whether the ideas pursued by different groups and how pupils and students evaluate their current teachers in the context created by the ideal model. The theoretical part of the work summanzes conclusions from thematically similar studies. The key concepts which relate to the subject of the study, such as the teacher, the role ofthe teacher, desirable qualities ofthe teacher, the teacher oftechnical subjects, the teacher of nursing, a professional preparation of the teacher, the pupil, the student, are summarized and synoptically explained on the basis of a qualitative analysis of data from the literature. The empirical part of the work describes the applied quantitative research carried on by the indirect inquiry method with 805 respondents - pupils of secondary and students of and higher nursing schools and universities specialised on nursing. The respondents were chosen from fourteen schools, seven towns of a different...
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Education to spirituality
Novotný, Miroslav ; Strouhal, Martin (referee) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this work is to create a pedagogical concept of the education for spirituality. I try to map the various views of human spirituality. The spirituality is one of the important philosophy topics, so I dedicated this view most. Next is the psychology, within witch I strive to grab this term in a scientific way. I also notice the changes in the perception of the term spirituality, namely in the relation to the religion, as well as to the usage of this term, which is equivalent to the previously frequently used term inwardness. Marginally I also mention some theories related to the spirituality in the field of biology, quantum physics and brain research. After the initiation of some way outs, from which can be created the conceptual apparatus, I come to my own definition of the spirituality, I concretize the education to the spirituality including the initiation of goals, methods and means of this education. The part of this work is also a small study, in which I try to find out, what is the degree of the respondents spirituality, what forms and methods do the respondents evolve their spirituality and I am looking for the contexts between the respondents characteristics by practicing the various technics and the spirituality rate. I suppose that this work could serve as a guide for teachers who would...
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Interpersonal relationships in school communities
Singrová, Ivana ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee) ; Urbánek, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is to gather relevant information about interpersonal relationships in the teaching staff of selected secondary schools and to show how they are perceived, understood, experienced and reflected by their participants. The result of this work is to propose principles and recommendations leading to the optimization of relationships between teachers. This work, in the terms of qualitative research, used the design of case study. Research techniques are semistructured interview and participant observation. Through them, information was gathered on relationships between teachers, teachers and school management and teachers and other people, with whom they come into contact within the scope of their profession. These relationships were then qualitatively analyzed based on open coding, categorization, typology, contrasting, generalization and validation of communication. The result of the investigation was that six schools out of four have the interpersonal relationships on a good level, educators are happy at work and their good mood and feelings are transmitted to the whole school climate. That creates the conditions for excitable work with good results both in the work of teachers as well as pupils. On one school the relationships between teachers and school management and the...
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The possibilities of the pupil's confidence development
Sedláčková, Daniela ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
Cílem této práce je ukázat, že kritériem úspěšného psychosociálního začlenění žáka do vzdělávacího procesu je osobní spokojenost vztahující se k sebepojetí dítěte. Jak se žák vidí v konkrétních denních situacích? Jaký je jeho pohled na dané skutečnosti? Ústí v osobní spokojenost či nespokojenost? Jedná se o vytyčení základních souvislostí mezi vlivy působícími na utváření sebevědomí dítěte v rodině, ve škole, mezi vrstevníky a hledání cest, jak tyto vlivy, pokud jsou negativní, ovlivnit přiměřenými rozvojovými aktivitami. Cílem je pomoci učitelům v oblasti teoretické, diagnostické i praktické. Práce je koncipována jako teoreticko - empirická, z níž větší část bude pojata teoreticky.
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