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Contract as understood by the economic analysis of law
Bartošek, Jan ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee) ; Kühn, Zdeněk (advisor)
142 Abstract Economic Analysis of Contract and Contract Law (Master Thesis) Jan Bartošek This thesis analyzes contracts and contract law from the Law and Economics point of view. In other words, in this thesis, economic approach is utilized to assess the above mentioned areas of law introducing and employing crucial concepts such as the Coase Theorem (and its underlying notions of the efficiency of law), Posner's theory of market-mimicking law, or Guido Calabresi's concept of legal rules. Moreover, various attitudes toward the economic analysis of law are addressed; and the status and future of Law and Economics (with regard to the European and especially Czech context) are considered. The argument is structured in three parts: the first part summarizes the historical development of Law and Economics and presents its standard analytical tools; the second part embraces the problems of contract and contract law within the framework of Law and Economics (perfect and imperfect contracts or the problem of efficient breach); and, finally, the third - analytical - part of the thesis applies the economic tools to the judicial decisions-making process both in general and in real life by reviewing two sets of decisions made by the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic. In sum, the thesis' three-tier structure does not...
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Human Rights in Private Law
Ondřejek, Pavel ; Gerloch, Aleš (advisor) ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee)
121 Summary Shrnutí v anglickém jazyce The presented work challenges traditional view on human rights as rights guaranteed only against the state. In contemporary world, in which states delegate powers either on supranational structures or on private entities, it is hardly acceptable for the individual to remain unprotected against comparable interferences with his constitutional rights caused by private persons. The classical doctrines of human rights protection lead in this situation to the decrease of level of protection of individuals. Therefore certain models of application of human rights norms in private law are to be scrutinized. How public and private law intertwine in contemporary law was shown on the examples of private military contractors that accompany modern armies in wars as well as transnational corporations operating in the Third World and exploiting indigenous peoples there. Notwithstanding the aforementioned it is clear that it was primarily private law that determined various areas of the "constitutional" status of individuals before modern constitutions of states came into force. From various models of application of human rights norms in private law, the example of models of direct and indirect horizontal application as well as non-application of human rights norms was described and...
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Rousseau's legal and social philosophy
Chválek, Jan ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee)
I have presented this work which, I admit, has not one integrated aim, but tries to handle it comprehensively with more questions. The reason why I have chosen theoretical or philosophical law work was that I have been interested for a long time in common questions rather than particular details and more, that I have got an opportunity to study the topic which affects philosophical questions, which has also been my long-time interest. The reason why I have chosen Rousseau, is mainly that, he was the principal author who mediated the most important ideological turning point between the so - called ancien regime and new citizen society. The reason why I was concerned with, mainly, the piece about the social contract was above all, that there are ideas meeting philosophy and law and, most of all, matches for analysis of the work designed for a law faculty. Appropriately, I have also added conclusions from other of his works. I'm trying to connect law and philosophy questions, in two places, which, in my opinion unfortunately, cannot be done. It's a question of technical development and more of art or, more widely, of the cultural aspect of a society. The basic aspiration of the work is to introduce Rousseau's conception of the Social contract, but also to show , that it is not possible to execute it to a...
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Using Artificial Neural Networks to Study Non-Linear Properties of Single Neurons in the Auditory Cortex
Hromádka, Tomáš ; Kůrková, Věra (advisor) ; Maršálek, Petr (referee)
Neurony v naších mozcích převádějí informace o okolním světě do elektrických akčních potenciálů. Klíčem k pochopení funkce neuronů, a poté neuronových sítí a mozku, je vědět, které části okolního světa jsou zastoupeny v aktivitě neuronů, a jakým způsobem je tato informace kódována. Tradiční metodou zkoumání funkce neuronu je zaznamenání odpovědi neuronu na podněty různé složitosti a následně snaha vysvětlit přenosovou funkci neuronu pomocí lineárního modelu. Většina neuronů však obsahuje nelineární přenosovou funkci. V této práci jsme použili umělé neuronové sítě ke studiu nelineárních přenosových funkcí neuronů sluchové kůry. Zaznamenali jsme podprahovou aktivitu neuronů jako odpověď na stimulaci přirozenými zvuky a poté jsme použili neuronové sítě v roli nelineárních aproximátorů k odhadu přenosových funkcí neuronů. Umělé neuronové sítě úspěšně aproximovali přenosové funkce a v průměru odhadli funkce neuronů nejméně stejně dobře jako lineární modely. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Design of leg for crash test dummy
Maršálek, Petr ; Semela, Marek (referee) ; Bilík, Martin (advisor)
This thesis is devoted to the design model of the lower limbs crash test dummies. It describes how the dummy developed historically, what are currently available for crash tests, what they are made and what their future will be. The main motive of the work is to design a model of lower limb for crash tests, with emphasis on the human anatomy. The work is characterized by how the figurine is produced using the form from material Thermolyne Clear, wood as a substitute human bones and the agar substitutes such as human muscle.
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ICT Selection
Hanyk, Tomáš ; Maršálek, Petr (referee) ; Koch, Miloš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the selection and implementation of information systems for businesses PORTABELL limited liability. There are described theory,methods, and analysis technologies that are closely related of the information system. Based on the analysis of the requirements the company is selected, the corresponding information system which is designed draft of implementation process.
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